Python Pyqt5渲染在每个平台上都是不同的，我可以做些什么使它们呈现相同的效果？

我在开发pyqt5时遇到了一些问题，因为我正在尝试制作一个应该在所有平台（Windows、MacOS和Linux）上使用的软件。 当我在每个平台上执行相同的脚本时，我会得到不同的渲染结果。 这似乎主要是由于每个平台上文本的字体和大小不同。例如，底部的按钮不能包含MacOS和Linux平台的文本。某些项目的大小也不同（参见底部的按钮） 我想知道它们是否是一个简单的解决方案，可以在每个平台上渲染几乎相同的窗口

以下是每个平台上的结果：

使用此脚本获得：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys 

class GUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(GUI, self).__init__()
        self.parent = parent
        self.setFixedWidth(400)
        self.setFixedHeight(300)

        self.centralWidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setmarginandspacing(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Blablabla')

        self.GB1 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB1_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_l)
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_e)
        self.GB1.setLayout(self.GB1_layout)


        self.GB2 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB2_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.GB2_layout.addLayout(grid)

        self.RB_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.RB_DL  =QRadioButton('DoubleLayer')
        self.RB_CPE= QRadioButton('CPE')
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_DL)
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_CPE)
        self.RB_DL.setChecked(True)
        self.Fixed_delay  = QCheckBox('Fixed delay?')
        self.Fixed_delay.setChecked(False)

        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_1_l = QLabel('I(Rs+2*Rcable)')
        self.Param_1_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_2_l = QLabel('2*I*Zf')
        self.Param_2_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_3_l = QLabel('Cdl*Zf')
        self.Param_3_e = QLineEdit('1')


        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Apply')
        self.Ident_updatepguess = QPushButton('Update Pguess')

        self.Optim_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.Optim_curve_fit  =QRadioButton('Curve fit')
        self.Optim_minimize= QRadioButton('minimize')
        self.Optim_basin_hopping= QRadioButton('basin hopping')
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_curve_fit)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_minimize)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_basin_hopping)
        self.Optim_curve_fit.setChecked(True)

        grid.addWidget(self.RB_DL, 0, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.RB_CPE, 0, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Fixed_delay, 0, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_l, 1, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_l, 1, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_l, 1, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_l, 1, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_e, 2, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_e, 2, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_e, 2, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_e, 2, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_curve_fit, 3, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_minimize, 3, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_basin_hopping, 3, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_updatepguess, 4, 0)
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_apply, 4, 3, )
        self.GB2.setLayout(self.GB2_layout)

        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.Ident_apply)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB1)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB2)
        self.centralWidget.setLayout(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

    def setmarginandspacing(self,layout):
        layout.setContentsMargins(5,5,5,5)
        layout.setSpacing(5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = GUI(app)
    ex.show()
    ex.setWindowTitle('Windows')
    sys.exit(app.exec_( ))

---

如果希望它在每个平台上都呈现相同的效果，我建议您在开始时设置样式。要给自己一个融合风格的代码，您的代码可以如下所示：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
app = QApplication([])
app.setStyle('Fusion')
#Your code ...

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys 

class GUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(GUI, self).__init__()
        self.parent = parent
        self.setFixedWidth(400)
        self.setFixedHeight(300)

        self.centralWidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setmarginandspacing(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Blablabla')

        self.GB1 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB1_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_l)
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_e)
        self.GB1.setLayout(self.GB1_layout)


        self.GB2 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB2_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.GB2_layout.addLayout(grid)

        self.RB_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.RB_DL  =QRadioButton('DoubleLayer')
        self.RB_CPE= QRadioButton('CPE')
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_DL)
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_CPE)
        self.RB_DL.setChecked(True)
        self.Fixed_delay  = QCheckBox('Fixed delay?')
        self.Fixed_delay.setChecked(False)

        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_1_l = QLabel('I(Rs+2*Rcable)')
        self.Param_1_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_2_l = QLabel('2*I*Zf')
        self.Param_2_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_3_l = QLabel('Cdl*Zf')
        self.Param_3_e = QLineEdit('1')


        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Apply')
        self.Ident_updatepguess = QPushButton('Update Pguess')

        self.Optim_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.Optim_curve_fit  =QRadioButton('Curve fit')
        self.Optim_minimize= QRadioButton('minimize')
        self.Optim_basin_hopping= QRadioButton('basin hopping')
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_curve_fit)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_minimize)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_basin_hopping)
        self.Optim_curve_fit.setChecked(True)

        grid.addWidget(self.RB_DL, 0, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.RB_CPE, 0, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Fixed_delay, 0, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_l, 1, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_l, 1, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_l, 1, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_l, 1, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_e, 2, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_e, 2, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_e, 2, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_e, 2, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_curve_fit, 3, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_minimize, 3, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_basin_hopping, 3, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_updatepguess, 4, 0)
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_apply, 4, 3, )
        self.GB2.setLayout(self.GB2_layout)

        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.Ident_apply)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB1)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB2)
        self.centralWidget.setLayout(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

    def setmarginandspacing(self,layout):
        layout.setContentsMargins(5,5,5,5)
        layout.setSpacing(5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    app.setStyle('Windows')
    ex = GUI(app)
    ex.show()
    ex.setWindowTitle('Windows style')
    sys.exit(app.exec_( ))

您可以选择的不同样式如下所示：

'Windows', 'GTK+', 'Fusion'

Windows

选项将使您的代码看起来像是在Windows上运行，

GTK+

在GTK+平台上运行，

Fusion

是一个独特的平台

Windows外观的代码（使用您的代码）如下所示：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
app = QApplication([])
app.setStyle('Fusion')
#Your code ...

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys 

class GUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(GUI, self).__init__()
        self.parent = parent
        self.setFixedWidth(400)
        self.setFixedHeight(300)

        self.centralWidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setmarginandspacing(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Blablabla')

        self.GB1 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB1_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_l)
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_e)
        self.GB1.setLayout(self.GB1_layout)


        self.GB2 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB2_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.GB2_layout.addLayout(grid)

        self.RB_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.RB_DL  =QRadioButton('DoubleLayer')
        self.RB_CPE= QRadioButton('CPE')
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_DL)
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_CPE)
        self.RB_DL.setChecked(True)
        self.Fixed_delay  = QCheckBox('Fixed delay?')
        self.Fixed_delay.setChecked(False)

        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_1_l = QLabel('I(Rs+2*Rcable)')
        self.Param_1_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_2_l = QLabel('2*I*Zf')
        self.Param_2_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_3_l = QLabel('Cdl*Zf')
        self.Param_3_e = QLineEdit('1')


        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Apply')
        self.Ident_updatepguess = QPushButton('Update Pguess')

        self.Optim_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.Optim_curve_fit  =QRadioButton('Curve fit')
        self.Optim_minimize= QRadioButton('minimize')
        self.Optim_basin_hopping= QRadioButton('basin hopping')
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_curve_fit)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_minimize)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_basin_hopping)
        self.Optim_curve_fit.setChecked(True)

        grid.addWidget(self.RB_DL, 0, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.RB_CPE, 0, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Fixed_delay, 0, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_l, 1, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_l, 1, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_l, 1, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_l, 1, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_e, 2, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_e, 2, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_e, 2, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_e, 2, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_curve_fit, 3, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_minimize, 3, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_basin_hopping, 3, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_updatepguess, 4, 0)
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_apply, 4, 3, )
        self.GB2.setLayout(self.GB2_layout)

        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.Ident_apply)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB1)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB2)
        self.centralWidget.setLayout(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

    def setmarginandspacing(self,layout):
        layout.setContentsMargins(5,5,5,5)
        layout.setSpacing(5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    app.setStyle('Windows')
    ex = GUI(app)
    ex.show()
    ex.setWindowTitle('Windows style')
    sys.exit(app.exec_( ))

这将产生如下输出：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
app = QApplication([])
app.setStyle('Fusion')
#Your code ...

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys 

class GUI(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(GUI, self).__init__()
        self.parent = parent
        self.setFixedWidth(400)
        self.setFixedHeight(300)

        self.centralWidget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene = QVBoxLayout()
        self.setmarginandspacing(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Blablabla')

        self.GB1 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB1_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_l)
        self.GB1_layout.addWidget(self.Param_0_e)
        self.GB1.setLayout(self.GB1_layout)


        self.GB2 = QGroupBox("Identification")
        self.GB2_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.GB2_layout.addLayout(grid)

        self.RB_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.RB_DL  =QRadioButton('DoubleLayer')
        self.RB_CPE= QRadioButton('CPE')
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_DL)
        self.RB_Ident.addButton(self.RB_CPE)
        self.RB_DL.setChecked(True)
        self.Fixed_delay  = QCheckBox('Fixed delay?')
        self.Fixed_delay.setChecked(False)

        self.Param_0_l = QLabel('Delay')
        self.Param_0_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_1_l = QLabel('I(Rs+2*Rcable)')
        self.Param_1_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_2_l = QLabel('2*I*Zf')
        self.Param_2_e = QLineEdit('1')
        self.Param_3_l = QLabel('Cdl*Zf')
        self.Param_3_e = QLineEdit('1')


        self.Ident_apply = QPushButton('Apply')
        self.Ident_updatepguess = QPushButton('Update Pguess')

        self.Optim_Ident = QButtonGroup()
        self.Optim_curve_fit  =QRadioButton('Curve fit')
        self.Optim_minimize= QRadioButton('minimize')
        self.Optim_basin_hopping= QRadioButton('basin hopping')
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_curve_fit)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_minimize)
        self.Optim_Ident.addButton(self.Optim_basin_hopping)
        self.Optim_curve_fit.setChecked(True)

        grid.addWidget(self.RB_DL, 0, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.RB_CPE, 0, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Fixed_delay, 0, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_l, 1, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_l, 1, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_l, 1, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_l, 1, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_0_e, 2, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_1_e, 2, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_2_e, 2, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Param_3_e, 2, 3 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_curve_fit, 3, 0 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_minimize, 3, 1 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Optim_basin_hopping, 3, 2 )
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_updatepguess, 4, 0)
        grid.addWidget(self.Ident_apply, 4, 3, )
        self.GB2.setLayout(self.GB2_layout)

        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.Ident_apply)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB1)
        self.mainHBOX_param_scene.addWidget(self.GB2)
        self.centralWidget.setLayout(self.mainHBOX_param_scene)

    def setmarginandspacing(self,layout):
        layout.setContentsMargins(5,5,5,5)
        layout.setSpacing(5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    app.setStyle('Windows')
    ex = GUI(app)
    ex.show()
    ex.setWindowTitle('Windows style')
    sys.exit(app.exec_( ))

---

另一种方法是获取

.qss

样式表，或者制作自己的样式表。这是一个关于制作

.qss

样式表的简短教程。

强制使用固定的宽度/高度通常是错误的-您应该允许对话框调整大小，以适应所有小部件所需的大小。我不确定是否理解，我只是在这里调整窗口大小。这怎么可能是一个错误？这是一个错误，因为必须允许用户使用他们喜欢的任何字体或小部件样式（例如，视力受损的人将需要使用大字体）。如果您固定大小，则无法保证所有系统上的可用空间都能容纳所有内容。对于QGridLayout中的内容，您将无法为其提供更多的水平空间，即增加窗口宽度，无论是否固定（尽管我也会仅出于用户体验的原因而使其灵活）。对于一些小部件，如“更新”按钮或单选按钮，您也可以将它们放置在网格外，在整个宽度上放置到它们自己的QHorizontalLayout中，旁边有一个间隔符，并且sizePolicy设置为最小值。请注意，Wiindows样式在Linux和OS-X上不可用。Fusion样式在所有三种主要平台上都可用。请看@titusjan，windows风格似乎在OS-X上可用。我尝试过（上图）。不错，它在OS_X上工作。事实上，我还不知道Linux。