python将\n作为\x0a传递给bash命令行

因此，我尝试将一个命令作为十六进制换行符从python传递到命令行：\x0a 在python中也称为“\n”

我试图通过命令行打印的内容是：

检查nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c检查用户-a“

echo-e”\x0a ls“

”4

我试过了

import subprocess as sb
sb.check_call(["check_nrpe", \ # first argument
               "-H", host, # host
               "-c", "check_users", # wanted remote command
               "-a", # option
               "\"`echo -e", 
               "\"\\x0a", # <new line>, problem is that python changes this to \n 
               parameter,
               "\"` #\"", "4", "4"]])

---

问题是我如何告诉python将参数\x0a传递到命令行。

澄清您的

检查\u nrpe

调用 假设您安装了Nagios（我安装了它并运行Ubuntu）

请参阅，

check\nrpe

help

$ ./check_nrpe -h

NRPE Plugin for Nagios
Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ethan Galstad (nagios@nagios.org)
Version: 2.12
Last Modified: 03-10-2008
License: GPL v2 with exemptions (-l for more info)
SSL/TLS Available: Anonymous DH Mode, OpenSSL 0.9.6 or higher required

Usage: check_nrpe -H <host> [-n] [-u] [-p <port>] [-t <timeout>] [-c <command>] [-a <arglist...>]

Options:
 -n         = Do no use SSL
 -u         = Make socket timeouts return an UNKNOWN state instead of CRITICAL
 <host>     = The address of the host running the NRPE daemon
 [port]     = The port on which the daemon is running (default=5666)
 [timeout]  = Number of seconds before connection times out (default=10)
 [command]  = The name of the command that the remote daemon should run
 [arglist]  = Optional arguments that should be passed to the command.  Multiple
              arguments should be separated by a space.  If provided, this must be
              the last option supplied on the command line.
 -h,--help    Print this short help.
 -l,--license Print licensing information.
 -n,--no-ssl  Do not initial an ssl handshake with the server, talk in plaintext.

Note:
This plugin requires that you have the NRPE daemon running on the remote host.
You must also have configured the daemon to associate a specific plugin command
with the [command] option you are specifying here.  Upon receipt of the
[command] argument, the NRPE daemon will run the appropriate plugin command and
send the plugin output and return code back to *this* plugin.  This allows you
to execute plugins on remote hosts and 'fake' the results to make Nagios think
the plugin is being run locally.

您似乎试图调用

check\u users

命令并向其传递一些参数。因此，对远程（NRPE驱动）机器的最终调用如下所示：

$ check_users "`echo -e "\x0a ls "` #" 4 4

$ check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1 -c check_users -a -c 4 -w 4

将其与帮助屏幕上的用户建议进行比较：

$ ./check_users -h
check_users v1.4.15 (nagios-plugins 1.4.15)
Copyright (c) 1999 Ethan Galstad
Copyright (c) 2000-2007 Nagios Plugin Development Team
        <nagiosplug-devel@lists.sourceforge.net>

This plugin checks the number of users currently logged in on the local
system and generates an error if the number exceeds the thresholds specified.


Usage:
check_users -w <users> -c <users>

Options:
 -h, --help
    Print detailed help screen
 -V, --version
    Print version information
 -w, --warning=INTEGER
    Set WARNING status if more than INTEGER users are logged in
 -c, --critical=INTEGER
    Set CRITICAL status if more than INTEGER users are logged in

Send email to nagios-users@lists.sourceforge.net if you have questions
regarding use of this software. To submit patches or suggest improvements,
send email to nagiosplug-devel@lists.sourceforge.net

因此，您最后一次调用

check\u nrpe

可能如下所示：

$ check_users "`echo -e "\x0a ls "` #" 4 4

$ check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1 -c check_users -a -c 4 -w 4

请注意，如果您试图将动态值传递给critical和warning，则应通过Nagios变量进行传递，并且不要假设它将由命令行（发生在远程机器上）决定。这样的技术可能会奏效，但相当棘手

向命令行调用传递换行符或其他字符 另一个主题是，如何从Python向命令传递换行符或其他特殊字符

在这里并不难，因为您有机会传递一个参数列表，它不会被shell解释，而是直接传递给命令

简单命令行脚本

bcmd.py

以下脚本允许测试从命令行传入的参数：

import sys
print sys.argv

从Python代码调用命令的测试 叫它：

$ python callit.py 
['bcmd.py', 'alfa', 'be\nta', 'gama\n        hama', 'omega\nOMEGA', 'double-omega\ndouble-OMEGA', 'literaly\\x0aliteraly']

并从中学习

结论:

• Python允许通过列表绕过shell解析规则调用命令和传递参数
• 在您的案例中，真正的问题似乎在于使用

  check\nrpe

  而不是换行符

---

你的问题不清楚。问题是我如何告诉python将参数\x0a传递到命令行。你是否尝试过使用单引号

'\x0a'

或多个反斜杠

“\\\\\x0a”

或两者都使用？我不知道你的情况，但当我得到

操作系统（“echo'\\x0a'）

时，它会为我打印

\x0a

。我想你只需要将“改为”它确实发送了

\x0a

：

-H-c check\u用户-a“`echo-e”\x0a”`4

check\u nrpe

可能是有问题的。

import sys
print sys.argv

from subprocess import call

args = ["python", "bcmd.py"]
args.append("alfa")
args.append("be\nta")
args.append("""gama
        hama""")
args.append("omega\x0aOMEGA")
args.append("double-omega\x0adouble-OMEGA")
args.append("literaly\\x0aliteraly")

call(args)

$ python callit.py 
['bcmd.py', 'alfa', 'be\nta', 'gama\n        hama', 'omega\nOMEGA', 'double-omega\ndouble-OMEGA', 'literaly\\x0aliteraly']