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Python 无法在docker mysql容器中安装mysqlclient

python mysql docker pip centos

Python 无法在docker mysql容器中安装mysqlclient,python,mysql,docker,pip,centos,Python,Mysql,Docker,Pip,Centos,我在安装由mysql优化的Docker映像（mysql/mysql服务器）制作的Docker conatiner帽子时遇到了一些问题。该容器在Oracle Linux Sysrem（CentOS）上运行 错误如下所示 Installing collected packages: mysqlclient, raven, redis, xmltodict, responses Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error Compl

我在安装由mysql优化的Docker映像（
mysql/mysql服务器
）制作的Docker conatiner帽子时遇到了一些问题。该容器在Oracle Linux Sysrem（CentOS）上运行

错误如下所示

Installing collected packages: mysqlclient, raven, redis, xmltodict, responses
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    Complete output from command /tracking_api/tracking/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-z_jafqw3/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-vqelrf7r/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /tracking_api/tracking/include/site/python3.6/mysqlclient:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building '_mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,3,12,'final',0) -D__version__=1.3.12 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/tracking_api/tracking/include -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/_mysql.o -m64
    unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/tracking_api/tracking/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-z_jafqw3/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-vqelrf7r/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /tracking_api/tracking/include/site/python3.6/mysqlclient" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-z_jafqw3/mysqlclient/
我注意到这个问题是因为容器中没有
gcc
。在使用
yum install gcc
安装
gcc
后，我收到了另一个类似以下的错误

Installing collected packages: mysqlclient, raven, redis, xmltodict, responses
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    Complete output from command /tracking_api/tracking/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-90ek02_q/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-rdg1c3go/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /tracking_api/tracking/include/site/python3.6/mysqlclient:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building '_mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,3,12,'final',0) -D__version__=1.3.12 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/tracking_api/tracking/include -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/_mysql.o -m64
    _mysql.c:29:19: fatal error: mysql.h: No such file or directory
     #include "mysql.h"
                       ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/tracking_api/tracking/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-90ek02_q/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-rdg1c3go/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /tracking_api/tracking/include/site/python3.6/mysqlclient" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-90ek02_q/mysqlclient/
我意识到这是因为
mysql.h
不存在。 我在这里发现，我可以检查文件是否存在。但是，
/use/local/
目录中似乎不存在
mysql
文件夹

这就是造成我困惑的原因。有人知道为什么会这样吗？当docker映像本身经过mysql优化时，为什么没有一个
mysql.h
文件？提前感谢。

您需要安装
mysql社区devel
，
mysql.h
在此包中

注意：首先需要卸载
mysql社区服务器minimal
，然后在
mysqlclient
安装完成后重新安装。否则，您将遇到以下冲突：

事务检查错误： mysql-community-devel-8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64安装中的文件/usr/bin/mysql_config与包mysql-community-server-minimal-8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64中的文件冲突

步骤如下：（省略pip安装）

mysqlclient安装的输出：

# pip install mysqlclient Collecting mysqlclient Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ec/fd/83329b9d3e14f7344d1cb31f128e6dbba70c5975c9e57896815dbb1988ad/mysqlclient-1.3.13.tar.gz Installing collected packages: mysqlclient Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... done Successfully installed mysqlclient-1.3.13 You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 18.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command. 从上面可以看出，它只使用了预构建的mysql服务器包，没有编译mysql服务器的源代码，所以它不需要
mysql.h
，只有在进行源代码构建时才使用

但是当你安装
mysqlclient
时使用pip，因为
mysqlclient
python包有
C扩展
依赖，所以它必须使用
gcc
来构建，然后它需要
mysql.h
，这让你陷入了麻烦。安装mysql.h后，一切正常

# pip install mysqlclient Collecting mysqlclient Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ec/fd/83329b9d3e14f7344d1cb31f128e6dbba70c5975c9e57896815dbb1988ad/mysqlclient-1.3.13.tar.gz Installing collected packages: mysqlclient Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... done Successfully installed mysqlclient-1.3.13 You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 18.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command. FROM oraclelinux:7-slim ARG MYSQL_SERVER_PACKAGE=mysql-community-server-minimal-8.0.13 ARG MYSQL_SHELL_PACKAGE=mysql-shell-8.0.13 # Install server RUN yum install -y https://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-minimal-release-el7.rpm \ https://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7.rpm \ && yum-config-manager --enable mysql80-server-minimal \ && yum install -y \ $MYSQL_SERVER_PACKAGE \ $MYSQL_SHELL_PACKAGE \ libpwquality \ && yum clean all \ && mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d VOLUME /var/lib/mysql COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh COPY healthcheck.sh /healthcheck.sh ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint.sh"] HEALTHCHECK CMD /healthcheck.sh EXPOSE 3306 33060 CMD ["mysqld"]