Python 获取我在类中定义的变量的NameError

我试图运行一些代码，允许我从我称为Master_Programmer的类中调用Student或Programmer的名称。这是我使用的代码

class Master_programmer:

    capabilities = []
    student = "SoloLearn Student"
    programmer = "Programmer"

    def Student(self): 
        return 'SoloLearn Student'


    def Programmer(self): 
        return 'Programmer'

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)


m1 = Master_programmer(programmer)
print(m1.Student, m1.Programmer)

a.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired')
b.add_capabilities('Find Clients')
b.capability

运行上述代码后，我得到以下错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./Playground/file0.py", line 21, in <module>
    m1 = Master_programmer(programmer)
NameError: name 'programmer' is not defined

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“/playerd/file0.py”，第21行，在
m1=主程序设计器（程序设计器）
NameError:未定义名称“程序员”

---

现在，我的问题是，如何让我的代码交付预期的结果？e、 g当我请求调用“程序员”这个名字时，我希望它能带来程序员，然后允许我向程序员添加诸如“查找客户机”之类的功能。对于学生来说，它必须是“保持灵感”。

我想下面的代码及其注释将回答您的问题

class Master_programmer:
    STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'This is Static Var'
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.capabilities = []
        self.student = "SoloLearn Student"
        self.programmer = "Programmer"

    def get_student(self): 
        return self.student

    def get_programmer(self): 
        return self.programmer

    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)

# Create instance for your class and name it coder (or whatever you like)
coder = Master_programmer('Replace me with student name')

# to call coder object's variable 
# you need to call it by object name just like below
print('capabilities: ', coder.capabilities)
print(coder.programmer)
print(coder.student)
coder.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired')
coder.add_capabilities('Find Clients')
print(coder.get_student())
print(coder.get_programmer())
print('capabilities: ', coder.capabilities)
print()

# you can invoke Static variables usign directly class name
# you can invoke usign instance name as well but, it is not convention
print(Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print()

# if you change Static member, it will get change for all of your instances
coder_2 = Master_programmer('Replace me with student name')
Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'changed'
print()

# print static var using both ways
print(Master_programmer.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print(coder.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)
print(coder_2.STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES)

m1=Master\u编程器（编程器）
打印（m1.学生，m1.程序员）

正在调用变量

programmer

，如果您想引用

Master\u programmer

类中的

programmer=“programmer”

，则需要改用

Master\u programmer.programmer

---

虽然如果您不初始化

a

和

b

，您的代码稍后会崩溃，因为您需要像普通变量一样定义它们，例如

a=Master_programmer（“EEZi”）

调用它们和/或使用它们

谢谢大家的回答。这是我使用的最后一段代码，它运行得非常好。非常感谢你

class Master_programmer:
    STATIC_VARIABLE_ONE_FOR_EVERY_INSTANCES = 'This is Static Var'
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.capabilities = []
        self.student = "SoloLearn Student"
        self.programmer = "Programmer"

    def get_student(self): 
        return self.student


    def get_programmer(self): 
        return self.programmer


    def add_capabilities(self, capability):
        self.capabilities.append(capability)




coder = Master_programmer('EEZi')


coder.add_capabilities('Stay Inspired!')
coder.add_capabilities('Find Clients')

a = coder.get_student()
b = coder.get_programmer()
capabilities = coder.capabilities


for i in range(0,1):
    print(a)
    print("Listen here, just", coder.capabilities[0], "\n")
    print(b)
    print("Hustle hard and", coder.capabilities[1])

---

您显示的代码没有产生那个错误您是对的，请允许我更新它。我已经更新了代码。有什么想法吗？变量

programmer

在实例化对象之后才存在，但是，当您创建对象时，您试图将其传递到

init

，也不清楚为什么您有类属性

student

和

programmer

以及似乎只返回其值的方法。这是一个很好的答案，但不要使用getter。它们毫无用处