R 多个绘图中每个绘图的单独背景色

我试图使条纹图（改变白色和灰色背景）时，绘制5个方块图在一行。为什么在我的代码中背景色不应用于整个情节？当我单独打印长方体时，背景颜色会发生变化

set.seed(42)
dev.off()
windows(width=6, height=4)
par(mfrow=c(1,5))
par(mar=c(2,4,1,1)) # bottom, left, top and right

par(bg = 'white')
boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "A")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

par(bg = 'grey')
boxplot(rnorm(20),  ylab = "B")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

par(bg = 'white')
boxplot(rnorm(20),  ylab = "C")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

par(bg = 'grey')
boxplot(rnorm(20),  ylab = "D")
title(xlab="n = 26", line=0)

par(bg = 'white')
boxplot(rnorm(20),  ylab = "E")
title(xlab="n = 6", line=0)

为了澄清，我希望下图中红色矩形内的区域为灰色。

---

对不起，这并不漂亮，但我担心这是你所能做的

正如您所发现的，bg仅控制方框本身的背景颜色，而不是整个绘图。此解决方案具有两次绘制数据的丑陋特性。一旦获得所有内容都将被打印的位置，使用它显示一个背景矩形，然后再次打印数据。但我相信这就是你想要的

set.seed(42)
dev.off()
windows(width=6, height=4)
par(mfrow=c(1,5))
par(mar=c(2,4,1,1)) # bottom, left, top and right

Data = rnorm(20)
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "A")
rect(par("usr")[1],par("usr")[3],par("usr")[2],par("usr")[4],col = "white")
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "A", add=TRUE)
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

Data = rnorm(20)
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "B")
rect(par("usr")[1],par("usr")[3],par("usr")[2],par("usr")[4],col = "grey")
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "B", add=TRUE)
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

Data = rnorm(20)
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "C")
rect(par("usr")[1],par("usr")[3],par("usr")[2],par("usr")[4],col = "white")
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "C", add=TRUE)
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)

Data = rnorm(20)
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "D")
rect(par("usr")[1],par("usr")[3],par("usr")[2],par("usr")[4],col = "grey")
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "D", add=TRUE)
title(xlab="n = 26", line=0)

Data = rnorm(20)
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "E")
rect(par("usr")[1],par("usr")[3],par("usr")[2],par("usr")[4],col = "white")
boxplot(Data,  ylab = "E", add=TRUE)
title(xlab="n = 6", line=0)

---

这是我能想到的最好的了。我必须通过反复试验来近似每个矩形的四个角。我注释掉了三个白色矩形，但没有适当调整它们的大小，但保留了代码以显示它们可以包含在所需的颜色中

setwd('C:/Users/general1/Documents/simple R programs/')

jpeg(filename = "boxplot_background_color_with_layout.jpeg")

set.seed(1223)
par(xpd = NA, mar = c(2,4,1,1), bg = 'white')
layout(matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5), 1, 5, byrow = TRUE))

boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "A")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)
#rect(-1, -2.375, 1.585, 2, col = rgb(0,0,0,alpha=0.5), border=FALSE) 

boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "B")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)
rect(-0.4, -2.229, 1.6, 2.0, col = rgb(0.5,0.5,0.5,alpha=0.5), border=FALSE) 

boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "C")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)
#rect(-1, -2.375, 1.585, 2, col = rgb(0,0,0,alpha=0.5), border=FALSE)

boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "D")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)
rect(-0.4, -2.5, 1.6, 2.5, col = rgb(0.5,0.5,0.5,alpha=0.5), border=FALSE) 

boxplot(rnorm(20), ylab = "E")
title(xlab="n = 54", line=0)
#rect(-1, -2.375, 1.585, 2, col = rgb(0,0,0,alpha=0.5), border=FALSE)

dev.off()

---

这里有一个

ggplot

替代方案，它需要较少的硬编码

library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)

df <- data.frame(grp = rep(letters[1:5], c(12, 8, 11, 9, 10)), y = rnorm(50))

grp <- unique(df$grp)
cols <- c("grey80", "white")

l <- vector(length = length(grp), "list")

for(i in seq_along(grp)){
  dat <- df[df$grp == grp[i], ]
  col <- cols[i %% 2 + 1]
  p <- ggplot(dat) +  
    geom_boxplot(aes(x = factor(1), y = y), fill = col) +
    theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = col),
          panel.background = element_rect(fill = col),
          panel.border = element_rect(fill = NA, colour = "black"),
          panel.grid = element_blank()) +
    scale_x_discrete(breaks = NULL) +
    xlab(paste0(grp[i], "\n", "n = ", nrow(dat)))
  l[[i]] <- p
}

do.call(grid.arrange, c(l, nrow = 1))

库（ggplot2）
图书馆（gridExtra）
df我不知道你在问什么，但这可能会有所帮助：你的代码向我表明你对方框图的填充颜色而不是背景颜色感兴趣。因此，不仅仅是我的解决方案中的绘图区域，而是整个区域。顺便说一句，我的外观可以通过添加
col=“white”来改善
第二次打印灰色背景的箱线图