R:WMS地图未显示

我有这个WMS层：

我想把它添加到传单地图上，但它没有显示出来。 这是我的密码：

library("leaflet")
library("sp")

leaflet() %>% addTiles() %>% setView(0, 50, zoom = 1) %>%
  addWMSTiles("http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&version=1.3.0&request=GetMap", 
  layers = "composition_bbaod550", 
  options = WMSTileOptions(format = "image/png", transparent = TRUE))

我做错了什么

编辑#1:

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "xlink:execution" is not allowed to appear in element "OnlineResource".
Start location: 44:17
End location: 44:54

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 97:8
End location: 97:11

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 122:10
End location: 122:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 137:60
End location: 137:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 273:10
End location: 273:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 288:60
End location: 288:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 393:10
End location: 393:13

下面是来自开发人员控制台的网络请求的外观

编辑#2:

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "xlink:execution" is not allowed to appear in element "OnlineResource".
Start location: 44:17
End location: 44:54

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 97:8
End location: 97:11

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 122:10
End location: 122:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 137:60
End location: 137:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 273:10
End location: 273:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 288:60
End location: 288:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 393:10
End location: 393:13

这是我的代码和伊万桑切斯的建议。正如您所看到的，建议的方法并没有解决问题

library("leaflet")
library("sp")

leaflet() %>% addTiles() %>% setView(0, 50, zoom = 1) %>%
  addWMSTiles("http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/", 
  layers = "composition_bbaod550", 
  options = WMSTileOptions(token = "public",
                           srs = "EPSG:4326",
                           format = "image/png", 
                           transparent = TRUE))

---

不要在基本WMS URL中包含

版本

或

请求

参数。这些是通过传单在内部添加的。传单需要一个基本WMS URL，如中所述

所以不是

  addWMSTiles("http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&version=1.3.0&request=GetMap", 

做

此外，引述：

L.TileLayer.WMS

有额外的选项，可在中找到。任何未描述的选项都将在getImage URL中传递给WMS服务器

所以你可以做到

  addWMSTiles("http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/", 
  layers = "composition_bbaod550", 
  options = WMSTileOptions(token = "public", format = "image/png", transparent = TRUE))

如果此操作失败，请使用web浏览器中的开发人员控制台（按F12）并查看网络请求。对WMS的请求是什么样子的

---

编辑：

稍加调试后，WMS服务器似乎正在响应：

<!DOCTYPE ServiceExceptionReport SYSTEM "/static/frontend/contrib/exception_1_1_1.dtd">

<ServiceExceptionReport version="1.1.1">
<ServiceException code='InvalidSRS'><![CDATA[
Unsupported projection 'EPSG:3857'
]]>

</ServiceException>
</ServiceExceptionReport>

这意味着WMS服务器无法输出符合传单默认地图投影的图像

如果要使用此WMS服务器，则必须从其

GetCapabilities

文档中检查支持的地图投影列表，并使用Proj4Falique使地图使用不同于默认投影的投影

请阅读：

• （使用不同地图项目的传单）
• （如何使用QGIS查看WMS的功能）
• （带有自定义地图项目的R传单示例）

---

很抱歉，没有直截了当的答案；您必须做一些工作并学习有关预测的知识。

如果我们向WMS服务发出如下GetCapabilities请求，我们可以看到支持的最高WMS版本是1.1.1。因此，您对version=1.3.0 WMS服务的GetMap请求可能会出错

当我查看响应时，它似乎有一些错误，事实上，当我在XML编辑器中检查时，有许多错误（如此之多，以至于日志大于此答案中允许的字符限制）

WMS配置错误：

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "xlink:execution" is not allowed to appear in element "OnlineResource".
Start location: 44:17
End location: 44:54

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 97:8
End location: 97:11

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 122:10
End location: 122:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 137:60
End location: 137:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 273:10
End location: 273:13

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Attribute "multipleValues" is not allowed to appear in element "Extent".
Start location: 288:60
End location: 288:78

System ID: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Main validation file: http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&service=WMS&request=GetCapabilities
Schema: http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd
Engine name: Xerces
Severity: error
Description: Unexpected element "SRS". The content of the parent element type must match "(Name?,Title,Abstract?,KeywordList?,SRS*,LatLonBoundingBox?,BoundingBox*,Dimension*,Extent*,Attribution?,AuthorityURL*,Identifier*,MetadataURL*,DataURL*,FeatureListURL*,Style*,ScaleHint?,Layer*)".
Start location: 393:10
End location: 393:13

SRS/LatLonBoundingBox/BoundingBox部分应如下所示（结构，而不是内容）：

CRS:84
EPSG:27700
EPSG:3034
EPSG:3413
EPSG:3857
EPSG:4258
EPSG:4326
EPSG:900913

---

因此，服务配置肯定不正确，这可能是您遇到任何问题的根本原因。

我不一定需要使用传单。它可以是静态绘图，因为我只需要在背景地图上绘图。您是否在Rstudio预览窗口中查看地图？是，我正在RStudio预览窗口中查看地图要使用的服务端点是：

http://apps.ecmwf.int/wms/?token=public&

WMS支持的最高版本是“

version=1.1.1

谢谢您的回答，但它对我不起作用。对你的案子有效吗？我已经编辑了我的问题，添加了一个屏幕截图，其中有我从开发者控制台看到的网络请求。我确实知道投影，该层是lat/lon（EPSG:4326，由传单支持）。我已经尝试将其添加到选项中，但仍然不起作用。IvanSanchez，我认为这并不能回答我的问题，您的一些建议似乎有误导性（proj4ployate.R已经过时）。对不起，我要投否决票！没有不愉快的感觉：-）不幸的是，我的专业知识是在传单中，而不是在R的传单中。非常感谢您深入了解这一点，我已经让服务的维护人员知道了。现在可以了！