R ggplot，每侧2个y轴，不同比例
我需要在一个图表中绘制一个显示计数的条形图和一个显示比率的折线图，我可以分别绘制这两个图表，但当我将它们放在一起时，第一层（即R ggplot，每侧2个y轴，不同比例,r,ggplot2,r-faq,R,Ggplot2,R Faq,我需要在一个图表中绘制一个显示计数的条形图和一个显示比率的折线图，我可以分别绘制这两个图表，但当我将它们放在一起时，第一层（即geom_条形图）的比例与第二层（即geom_线）重叠 我可以将geom_线的轴向右移动吗？在ggplot2中不可能，因为我认为具有单独y比例（不是相互转换的y比例）的绘图从根本上是有缺陷的。一些问题： 这些点是不可逆的：给定绘图空间上的点，不能将其唯一地映射回数据空间中的点 与其他选项相比，它们相对难以正确阅读。有关详细信息，请参见Petra Isenberg、Ana
geom_条形图geom_线我可以将
geom_线的轴向右移动吗？在ggplot2中不可能，因为我认为具有单独y比例（不是相互转换的y比例）的绘图从根本上是有缺陷的。一些问题：
- 这些点是不可逆的：给定绘图空间上的点，不能将其唯一地映射回数据空间中的点
- 与其他选项相比，它们相对难以正确阅读。有关详细信息，请参见Petra Isenberg、Anastasia Bezerianos、Pierre Dragicevic和Jean Daniel Fekete
- 它们很容易被操纵来误导：没有唯一的方法来指定轴的相对比例，从而使它们易于操纵。Junkcharts博客中的两个例子：
- 它们是任意的：为什么只有2个刻度，而不是3、4或10
您可能还想阅读Stephen Now关于该主题的冗长讨论。有时客户需要两个y刻度。给他们讲“有缺陷”的话通常是毫无意义的。但我确实喜欢ggplot2坚持以正确的方式做事。我确信ggplot实际上是在教育普通用户正确的可视化技术
也许你可以使用刻面和无标度来比较这两个数据系列e、 g.看这里：以下文章帮助我将ggplot2生成的两个绘图合并到一行：
在这种情况下，代码可能是这样的：
p1 <-
ggplot() + aes(mns)+ geom_histogram(aes(y=..density..), binwidth=0.01, colour="black", fill="white") + geom_vline(aes(xintercept=mean(mns, na.rm=T)), color="red", linetype="dashed", size=1) + geom_density(alpha=.2)
p2 <-
ggplot() + aes(mns)+ geom_histogram( binwidth=0.01, colour="black", fill="white") + geom_vline(aes(xintercept=mean(mns, na.rm=T)), color="red", linetype="dashed", size=1)
multiplot(p1,p2,cols=2)
p1您可以对变量使用facet\u wrap（~variable，ncol=）
来创建新的比较。它不在同一个轴上，但它是相似的。解决这一挑战的技术骨干大约在3年前由Kohske提供[]。在Stackoverflow[IDs:18989001、29235405、21026598]的几个实例中讨论了该主题及其解决方案的技术细节。因此，我将仅使用上述解决方案提供一个特定的变体和一些解释性演练
让我们假设G1组中确实有一些数据y1，G2组中的一些数据y2以某种方式相关，例如范围/比例变换或添加了一些噪声。因此，我们希望将数据一起绘制在一个图上，左侧的比例为y1，右侧的比例为y2
df <- data.frame(item=LETTERS[1:n], y1=c(-0.8684, 4.2242, -0.3181, 0.5797, -0.4875), y2=c(-5.719, 205.184, 4.781, 41.952, 9.911 )) # made up!
> df
item y1 y2
1 A -0.8684 -19.154567
2 B 4.2242 219.092499
3 C -0.3181 18.849686
4 D 0.5797 46.945161
5 E -0.4875 -4.721973
它不能很好地对齐，因为较小的y1显然会被较大的y2折叠
应对挑战的诀窍是在技术上根据第一个刻度y1绘制两个数据集，但根据第二个坐标轴报告第二个数据集，标签显示原始刻度y2。
因此，我们构建了第一个辅助函数CalcFudgeAxis，它计算并收集要显示的新轴的特征。该函数可以修改为ayones喜欢的（这个函数只是将y2映射到y1的范围）
从ggplot2 2.2.0开始，可以添加这样的次轴（取自）：
ggplot（mpg、aes（显示、硬件））+
几何点（）
连续缩放(
“mpg（美国）”，
秒轴=秒轴（~*1.20，name=“mpg（英国）”）
)
对斯蒂芬·利沃德的报告进行了有趣的引用
我不知道OP中的“计数”和“速率”是什么意思，但通过快速搜索，我得到了一些关于北美登山事故的数据：
Years对我来说，棘手的部分是计算两轴之间的转换函数。我用过这个
> dput(combined_80_8192 %>% filter (time > 270, time < 280))
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24.122884195464, 6.2202875499406, 10.672962852322, 49.854827699773,
57.49079026127, 60.192705735317, 41.549715223147, 31.499301851462,
6.2853718719014, 13.937702343688, 24.133388256416, 6.2028757927148,
10.677815810561, 49.867624820879, 57.417115267867, 60.224172277442,
41.635752021705, 24.074540962859, 6.2847854917092, 10.644529778044,
24.19227425387, 10.537686730745, 10.699414795917, 49.84017267426,
53.139646558768, 60.160512118809, 41.509660845114, 31.42665220053,
8.1846370024428, 14.231126423354, 31.584125885363, 6.2494585568733,
10.654622041348, 49.854827699773, 57.49079026127, 60.192705735317,
41.55465351989, 31.509340361646, 6.2867464196657, 13.941251828322,
24.140336174865, 4.765718874642, 10.679016976694, 49.856439162736,
57.49079026127, 60.196678846453, 41.55465351989, 31.509340361646,
6.2867464196657, 13.941251828322, 24.140336174865, 4.7666691818074,
10.679016976694, 49.867624820879, 57.412299088098, 60.224172277442,
41.630930975211, 24.074540962859, 6.279972363168, 10.644529778044,
24.19227425387, 10.546845071479, 10.699414795917, 49.862851240855,
57.397787176282, 60.212457625018, 41.61637603957, 31.529239767749,
6.2952688513108, 10.640565481982, 24.178672145334, 8.0771089950663,
10.694731030907, 53.262541905639, 57.43627424514, 61.382796189332,
31.747253311549, 24.093100244121, 6.2658701281075, 10.661949889074,
18.495227442305, 18.417839037171, 8.1845086722809), frameId = c(15051,
15106, 15165, 15220, 15279, 15330, 15385, 15452, 15511, 15566,
15019, 15074, 15129, 15184, 15239, 15298, 15353, 15412, 15471,
15526, 14947, 14994, 15057, 15112, 15171, 15226, 15281, 15332,
15391, 15442, 14971, 15030, 15085, 15144, 15203, 15262, 15321,
15380, 15435, 15490, 14915, 14978, 15033, 15092, 15147, 15198,
15257, 15312, 15371, 15430, 14975, 15034, 15089, 15140, 15195,
15254, 15313, 15368, 15427, 15478, 14987, 15046, 15105, 15160,
15215, 15274, 15329, 15384, 15447, 15506, 14943, 15002, 15061,
15116, 15171, 15230, 15285, 15344, 15399, 15454, 14971, 15026,
15081, 15136, 15195, 15258, 15313, 15368, 15423, 15478, 15039,
15094, 15149, 15204, 15263, 15314, 15369, 15428, 15487, 15546
), packetOkSinr = c(0.99999999314881, 0.9999999998736, 0.99999999996428,
0.99999952114066, 0.99991568416005, 3.00628034688444e-08,
0.51497487795954, 0.99627877136019, 0, 0.011303253101957,
0.99999999314881, 0.99999999987726, 0.99999999996428, 0.99999952114066,
0.99991568416005, 3.00628034688444e-08, 0.51530974419663,
0.99627877136019, 0, 0.011269851265775, 0.9999999931708,
0.99999999985986, 0.99999999996428, 0.99999952599145, 0.99991770469509,
0, 0.45861812482641, 0.99629897628155, 0, 0.011403119534097,
0.99999999321568, 0.99999999985437, 0.99999999996519, 0.99999954639936,
0.99618434878558, 0, 0.010513119213425, 0.99641022914441,
0.00801687746446111, 0.012011103529927, 0.9999999931195,
0.99999999871861, 0.99999999996428, 0.99999951617905, 0.99991456738049,
2.6525298291169e-08, 0.51328066587104, 0.9999212220316, 0,
0.010777054258914, 0.9999999931708, 0.99999999985986, 0.99999999996428,
0.99999952718674, 0.99991812902805, 0, 0.45929307038653,
0.99631228046814, 0, 0.011436292559188, 0.99999999317629,
0.99999999985986, 0.99999999996428, 0.99999952718674, 0.99991812902805,
0, 0.45929307038653, 0.99631228046814, 0, 0.011436292559188,
0.99999999321568, 0.99999999985437, 0.99999999996519, 0.99999954527918,
0.99618434878558, 0, 0.010513119213425, 0.99641022914441,
0.00821047996950475, 0.012011103529927, 0.99999999319919,
0.99999999985345, 0.99999999996519, 0.99999954188106, 0.99991896371849,
0, 0.010410830482692, 0.996384831822, 9.12484388049251e-09,
0.011877185067536, 0.99999999879646, 0.9999999998562, 0.99999999998077,
0.99992756868677, 0.9962208785486, 0, 0.010971897073662,
0.93214999078663, 0.92943956665979, 2.64925478221656e-08),
snir = c(49.848348091678, 57.698190927109, 60.17669971462,
41.529809724535, 31.452202106925, 8.1976890851341, 14.240447804094,
24.122884195464, 6.2202875499406, 10.674183333671, 49.848348091678,
57.746270018264, 60.17669971462, 41.529809724535, 31.452202106925,
8.1976890851341, 14.242292077376, 24.122884195464, 6.2202875499406,
10.672962852322, 49.854827699773, 57.49079026127, 60.192705735317,
41.549715223147, 31.499301851462, 6.2853718719014, 13.937702343688,
24.133388256416, 6.2028757927148, 10.677815810561, 49.867624820879,
57.417115267867, 60.224172277442, 41.635752021705, 24.074540962859,
6.2847854917092, 10.644529778044, 24.19227425387, 10.537686730745,
10.699414795917, 49.84017267426, 53.139646558768, 60.160512118809,
41.509660845114, 31.42665220053, 8.1846370024428, 14.231126423354,
31.584125885363, 6.2494585568733, 10.654622041348, 49.854827699773,
57.49079026127, 60.192705735317, 41.55465351989, 31.509340361646,
6.2867464196657, 13.941251828322, 24.140336174865, 4.765718874642,
10.679016976694, 49.856439162736, 57.49079026127, 60.196678846453,
41.55465351989, 31.509340361646, 6.2867464196657, 13.941251828322,
24.140336174865, 4.7666691818074, 10.679016976694, 49.867624820879,
57.412299088098, 60.224172277442, 41.630930975211, 24.074540962859,
6.279972363168, 10.644529778044, 24.19227425387, 10.546845071479,
10.699414795917, 49.862851240855, 57.397787176282, 60.212457625018,
41.61637603957, 31.529239767749, 6.2952688513108, 10.640565481982,
24.178672145334, 8.0771089950663, 10.694731030907, 53.262541905639,
57.43627424514, 61.382796189332, 31.747253311549, 24.093100244121,
6.2658701281075, 10.661949889074, 18.495227442305, 18.417839037171,
8.1845086722809), ookSnirBer = c(8.8808636558081e-24, 3.2219795637026e-27,
2.6468895519653e-28, 3.9807779074715e-20, 1.0849324265615e-15,
2.5705217057696e-05, 4.7313805615763e-08, 1.8800438086075e-12,
0.00021005320203921, 1.9147343768384e-06, 8.8808636558081e-24,
3.0694773489537e-27, 2.6468895519653e-28, 3.9807779074715e-20,
1.0849324265615e-15, 2.5705217057696e-05, 4.7223753038869e-08,
1.8800438086075e-12, 0.00021005320203921, 1.9171738578051e-06,
8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27, 2.6045198111088e-28,
3.9014083702734e-20, 1.0342658440386e-15, 0.00019591630514278,
6.4692014108683e-08, 1.8600094209271e-12, 0.0002140067535655,
1.9074922485477e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24, 4.2779443633862e-27,
2.5231916788231e-28, 3.5761615214425e-20, 1.9750692814982e-12,
0.0001960392878411, 1.9748966344895e-06, 1.7515881895994e-12,
2.2078334799411e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06, 8.954486301678e-24,
3.2021085732779e-25, 2.690441113724e-28, 4.0627628846548e-20,
1.1134484878561e-15, 2.6061691733331e-05, 4.777159157954e-08,
9.4891388749738e-16, 0.00020359398491544, 1.9542110660398e-06,
8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27, 2.6045198111088e-28,
3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15, 0.00019562832342849,
6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12, 0.0010099091367628,
1.9051035165106e-06, 8.8085966897635e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.594108048185e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15,
0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12,
0.0010088638355194, 1.9051035165106e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24,
4.2987746909572e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28, 3.593647329558e-20,
1.9750692814982e-12, 0.00019705170257492, 1.9748966344895e-06,
1.7515881895994e-12, 2.1868296425817e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06,
8.7517439682173e-24, 4.3621551072316e-27, 2.553168170837e-28,
3.6469582463164e-20, 1.0032983660212e-15, 0.00019385229409318,
1.9830820164805e-06, 1.7760568361323e-12, 2.919419915209e-05,
1.8741284335866e-06, 2.8285944348148e-25, 4.1960751547207e-27,
7.8468215407139e-29, 8.0407329049747e-16, 1.9380328071065e-12,
0.00020004849911333, 1.9393279417733e-06, 5.9354475879597e-10,
6.4258355913627e-10, 2.6065221215415e-05), ookSnrBer = c(8.8808636558081e-24,
3.2219795637026e-27, 2.6468895519653e-28, 3.9807779074715e-20,
1.0849324265615e-15, 2.5705217057696e-05, 4.7313805615763e-08,
1.8800438086075e-12, 0.00021005320203921, 1.9147343768384e-06,
8.8808636558081e-24, 3.0694773489537e-27, 2.6468895519653e-28,
3.9807779074715e-20, 1.0849324265615e-15, 2.5705217057696e-05,
4.7223753038869e-08, 1.8800438086075e-12, 0.00021005320203921,
1.9171738578051e-06, 8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.6045198111088e-28, 3.9014083702734e-20, 1.0342658440386e-15,
0.00019591630514278, 6.4692014108683e-08, 1.8600094209271e-12,
0.0002140067535655, 1.9074922485477e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24,
4.2779443633862e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28, 3.5761615214425e-20,
1.9750692814982e-12, 0.0001960392878411, 1.9748966344895e-06,
1.7515881895994e-12, 2.2078334799411e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06,
8.954486301678e-24, 3.2021085732779e-25, 2.690441113724e-28,
4.0627628846548e-20, 1.1134484878561e-15, 2.6061691733331e-05,
4.777159157954e-08, 9.4891388749738e-16, 0.00020359398491544,
1.9542110660398e-06, 8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.6045198111088e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15,
0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12,
0.0010099091367628, 1.9051035165106e-06, 8.8085966897635e-24,
3.9715925056443e-27, 2.594108048185e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20,
1.0237769828158e-15, 0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08,
1.8468752030971e-12, 0.0010088638355194, 1.9051035165106e-06,
8.7096574467175e-24, 4.2987746909572e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28,
3.593647329558e-20, 1.9750692814982e-12, 0.00019705170257492,
1.9748966344895e-06, 1.7515881895994e-12, 2.1868296425817e-06,
1.8649940680806e-06, 8.7517439682173e-24, 4.3621551072316e-27,
2.553168170837e-28, 3.6469582463164e-20, 1.0032983660212e-15,
0.00019385229409318, 1.9830820164805e-06, 1.7760568361323e-12,
2.919419915209e-05, 1.8741284335866e-06, 2.8285944348148e-25,
4.1960751547207e-27, 7.8468215407139e-29, 8.0407329049747e-16,
1.9380328071065e-12, 0.00020004849911333, 1.9393279417733e-06,
5.9354475879597e-10, 6.4258355913627e-10, 2.6065221215415e-05
)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -100L), .Names = c("run",
"repetition", "module", "configname", "packetByteLength", "numVehicles",
"dDistance", "time", "distanceToTx", "headerNoError", "receivedPower_dbm",
"snr", "frameId", "packetOkSinr", "snir", "ookSnirBer", "ookSnrBer"
))
第一个stat\u summary
调用是为第一个y轴设置基准的调用。
调用第二个stat\u summary
调用来转换数据。请记住，所有数据都将以第一个y轴为基准。因此，需要对第一个y轴的数据进行规范化。为此，我对数据使用转换函数：y=packetOkSinr*40-110
现在，为了变换第二个轴，我在缩放y_连续调用中使用相反的函数：秒轴=秒轴（~.*0.025+2.75，name=“y_秒”）
我们完全可以使用基本函数plot
构建具有双Y轴的绘图
# pseudo dataset
df <- data.frame(x = seq(1, 1000, 1), y1 = sample.int(100, 1000, replace=T), y2 = sample(50, 1000, replace = T))
# plot first plot
with(df, plot(y1 ~ x, col = "red"))
# set new plot
par(new = T)
# plot second plot, but without axis
with(df, plot(y2 ~ x, type = "l", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n", xlab = "", ylab = ""))
# define y-axis and put y-labs
axis(4)
with(df, mtext("y2", side = 4))
#伪数据集
df我承认并同意（和其他人）单独的y型量表“存在根本性缺陷”。话虽如此，我通常希望ggplot2
具有该功能，尤其是当数据在并且我很快想要可视化或检查数据时（即，仅供个人使用）
虽然tidyverse
库使数据转换为长格式变得相当容易（这样facet\u grid（）
就可以工作了），但这个过程仍然不是很简单，如下所示：
library(tidyverse)
df.wide %>%
# Select only the columns you need for the plot.
select(date, column1, column2, column3) %>%
# Create an id column – needed in the `gather()` function.
mutate(id = n()) %>%
# The `gather()` function converts to long-format.
# In which the `type` column will contain three factors (column1, column2, column3),
# and the `value` column will contain the respective values.
# All the while we retain the `id` and `date` columns.
gather(type, value, -id, -date) %>%
# Create the plot according to your specifications
ggplot(aes(x = date, y = value)) +
geom_line() +
# Create a panel for each `type` (ie. column1, column2, column3).
# If the types have different scales, you can use the `scales="free"` option.
facet_grid(type~., scales = "free")
考虑到以上答案和一些微调（不管它值多少），这里有一种通过sec_轴实现两个刻度的方法
：
假设一个简单的（纯粹虚构的）数据集dt
：在五天内，它跟踪中断次数与生产率：
when numinter prod
1 2018-03-20 1 0.95
2 2018-03-21 5 0.50
3 2018-03-23 4 0.70
4 2018-03-24 3 0.75
5 2018-03-25 4 0.60
（两列的范围相差约5倍）
以下代码将绘制使用整个y轴的两个系列：
ggplot() +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = dt$when, y = dt$numinter), stat = "identity", fill = "grey") +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = dt$when, y = dt$prod*5), size = 2, color = "blue") +
scale_x_date(name = "Day", labels = NULL) +
scale_y_continuous(name = "Interruptions/day",
sec.axis = sec_axis(~./5, name = "Productivity % of best",
labels = function(b) { paste0(round(b * 100, 0), "%")})) +
theme(
axis.title.y = element_text(color = "grey"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "blue"))
以下是结果（上面的代码+一些颜色调整）：
指定y_刻度时的点（除了使用秒_轴
外）是在指定系列时将第二个数据系列的每个值乘以5。为了在秒_轴定义中获得正确的标签，需要除以5（和格式化）因此，上述代码中的一个关键部分实际上是几何线中的*5
，以及秒轴中的~/5
（当前值
除以5的公式）
相比之下（我不想
png(...)
PlotWithFudgeAxis(tmpPlot, FudgeAxis)
dev.off()
ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) +
geom_point() +
scale_y_continuous(
"mpg (US)",
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . * 1.20, name = "mpg (UK)")
)
Years<-c("1998","1999","2000","2001","2002","2003","2004")
Persons.Involved<-c(281,248,301,276,295,231,311)
Fatalities<-c(20,17,24,16,34,18,35)
rate=100*Fatalities/Persons.Involved
df<-data.frame(Years=Years,Persons.Involved=Persons.Involved,Fatalities=Fatalities,rate=rate)
print(df,row.names = FALSE)
Years Persons.Involved Fatalities rate
1998 281 20 7.117438
1999 248 17 6.854839
2000 301 24 7.973422
2001 276 16 5.797101
2002 295 34 11.525424
2003 231 18 7.792208
2004 311 35 11.254019
df2<-df
df2$Persons.Involved <- 100*df$Persons.Involved/df$Persons.Involved[1]
df2$rate <- 100*df$rate/df$rate[1]
plot(ggplot(df2)+
geom_bar(aes(x=Years,weight=Persons.Involved))+
geom_line(aes(x=Years,y=rate,group=1))+
theme(text = element_text(size=30))
)
> dput(combined_80_8192 %>% filter (time > 270, time < 280))
structure(list(run = c(268L, 268L, 268L, 268L, 268L, 268L, 268L,
268L, 268L, 268L, 263L, 263L, 263L, 263L, 263L, 263L, 263L, 263L,
263L, 263L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L, 269L,
269L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L, 261L,
267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 267L, 265L,
265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 265L, 266L, 266L,
266L, 266L, 266L, 266L, 266L, 266L, 266L, 266L, 262L, 262L, 262L,
262L, 262L, 262L, 262L, 262L, 262L, 262L, 264L, 264L, 264L, 264L,
264L, 264L, 264L, 264L, 264L, 264L, 260L, 260L, 260L, 260L, 260L,
260L, 260L, 260L, 260L, 260L), repetition = c(8L, 8L, 8L, 8L,
8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L,
9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 9L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 5L, 5L,
5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L,
6L, 6L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L,
4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L
), module = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "scenario.node[0].nicVLCTail.phyVLC", class = "factor"),
configname = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
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3.9014083702734e-20, 1.0342658440386e-15, 0.00019591630514278,
6.4692014108683e-08, 1.8600094209271e-12, 0.0002140067535655,
1.9074922485477e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24, 4.2779443633862e-27,
2.5231916788231e-28, 3.5761615214425e-20, 1.9750692814982e-12,
0.0001960392878411, 1.9748966344895e-06, 1.7515881895994e-12,
2.2078334799411e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06, 8.954486301678e-24,
3.2021085732779e-25, 2.690441113724e-28, 4.0627628846548e-20,
1.1134484878561e-15, 2.6061691733331e-05, 4.777159157954e-08,
9.4891388749738e-16, 0.00020359398491544, 1.9542110660398e-06,
8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27, 2.6045198111088e-28,
3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15, 0.00019562832342849,
6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12, 0.0010099091367628,
1.9051035165106e-06, 8.8085966897635e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.594108048185e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15,
0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12,
0.0010088638355194, 1.9051035165106e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24,
4.2987746909572e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28, 3.593647329558e-20,
1.9750692814982e-12, 0.00019705170257492, 1.9748966344895e-06,
1.7515881895994e-12, 2.1868296425817e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06,
8.7517439682173e-24, 4.3621551072316e-27, 2.553168170837e-28,
3.6469582463164e-20, 1.0032983660212e-15, 0.00019385229409318,
1.9830820164805e-06, 1.7760568361323e-12, 2.919419915209e-05,
1.8741284335866e-06, 2.8285944348148e-25, 4.1960751547207e-27,
7.8468215407139e-29, 8.0407329049747e-16, 1.9380328071065e-12,
0.00020004849911333, 1.9393279417733e-06, 5.9354475879597e-10,
6.4258355913627e-10, 2.6065221215415e-05), ookSnrBer = c(8.8808636558081e-24,
3.2219795637026e-27, 2.6468895519653e-28, 3.9807779074715e-20,
1.0849324265615e-15, 2.5705217057696e-05, 4.7313805615763e-08,
1.8800438086075e-12, 0.00021005320203921, 1.9147343768384e-06,
8.8808636558081e-24, 3.0694773489537e-27, 2.6468895519653e-28,
3.9807779074715e-20, 1.0849324265615e-15, 2.5705217057696e-05,
4.7223753038869e-08, 1.8800438086075e-12, 0.00021005320203921,
1.9171738578051e-06, 8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.6045198111088e-28, 3.9014083702734e-20, 1.0342658440386e-15,
0.00019591630514278, 6.4692014108683e-08, 1.8600094209271e-12,
0.0002140067535655, 1.9074922485477e-06, 8.7096574467175e-24,
4.2779443633862e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28, 3.5761615214425e-20,
1.9750692814982e-12, 0.0001960392878411, 1.9748966344895e-06,
1.7515881895994e-12, 2.2078334799411e-06, 1.8649940680806e-06,
8.954486301678e-24, 3.2021085732779e-25, 2.690441113724e-28,
4.0627628846548e-20, 1.1134484878561e-15, 2.6061691733331e-05,
4.777159157954e-08, 9.4891388749738e-16, 0.00020359398491544,
1.9542110660398e-06, 8.8229427230445e-24, 3.9715925056443e-27,
2.6045198111088e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20, 1.0237769828158e-15,
0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08, 1.8468752030971e-12,
0.0010099091367628, 1.9051035165106e-06, 8.8085966897635e-24,
3.9715925056443e-27, 2.594108048185e-28, 3.8819641115984e-20,
1.0237769828158e-15, 0.00019562832342849, 6.4455095380046e-08,
1.8468752030971e-12, 0.0010088638355194, 1.9051035165106e-06,
8.7096574467175e-24, 4.2987746909572e-27, 2.5231916788231e-28,
3.593647329558e-20, 1.9750692814982e-12, 0.00019705170257492,
1.9748966344895e-06, 1.7515881895994e-12, 2.1868296425817e-06,
1.8649940680806e-06, 8.7517439682173e-24, 4.3621551072316e-27,
2.553168170837e-28, 3.6469582463164e-20, 1.0032983660212e-15,
0.00019385229409318, 1.9830820164805e-06, 1.7760568361323e-12,
2.919419915209e-05, 1.8741284335866e-06, 2.8285944348148e-25,
4.1960751547207e-27, 7.8468215407139e-29, 8.0407329049747e-16,
1.9380328071065e-12, 0.00020004849911333, 1.9393279417733e-06,
5.9354475879597e-10, 6.4258355913627e-10, 2.6065221215415e-05
)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -100L), .Names = c("run",
"repetition", "module", "configname", "packetByteLength", "numVehicles",
"dDistance", "time", "distanceToTx", "headerNoError", "receivedPower_dbm",
"snr", "frameId", "packetOkSinr", "snir", "ookSnirBer", "ookSnrBer"
))
ggplot(data=combined_80_8192 %>% filter (time > 270, time < 280), aes(x=time) ) +
stat_summary(aes(y=receivedPower_dbm ), fun.y=mean, geom="line", colour="black") +
stat_summary(aes(y=packetOkSinr*40 - 110 ), fun.y=mean, geom="line", colour="black", position = position_dodge(width=10)) +
scale_x_continuous() +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-0,-110,-10), "y_first", sec.axis=sec_axis(~.*0.025+2.75, name="y_second") )
# pseudo dataset
df <- data.frame(x = seq(1, 1000, 1), y1 = sample.int(100, 1000, replace=T), y2 = sample(50, 1000, replace = T))
# plot first plot
with(df, plot(y1 ~ x, col = "red"))
# set new plot
par(new = T)
# plot second plot, but without axis
with(df, plot(y2 ~ x, type = "l", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n", xlab = "", ylab = ""))
# define y-axis and put y-labs
axis(4)
with(df, mtext("y2", side = 4))
library(tidyverse)
df.wide %>%
# Select only the columns you need for the plot.
select(date, column1, column2, column3) %>%
# Create an id column – needed in the `gather()` function.
mutate(id = n()) %>%
# The `gather()` function converts to long-format.
# In which the `type` column will contain three factors (column1, column2, column3),
# and the `value` column will contain the respective values.
# All the while we retain the `id` and `date` columns.
gather(type, value, -id, -date) %>%
# Create the plot according to your specifications
ggplot(aes(x = date, y = value)) +
geom_line() +
# Create a panel for each `type` (ie. column1, column2, column3).
# If the types have different scales, you can use the `scales="free"` option.
facet_grid(type~., scales = "free")
when numinter prod
1 2018-03-20 1 0.95
2 2018-03-21 5 0.50
3 2018-03-23 4 0.70
4 2018-03-24 3 0.75
5 2018-03-25 4 0.60
ggplot() +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = dt$when, y = dt$numinter), stat = "identity", fill = "grey") +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = dt$when, y = dt$prod*5), size = 2, color = "blue") +
scale_x_date(name = "Day", labels = NULL) +
scale_y_continuous(name = "Interruptions/day",
sec.axis = sec_axis(~./5, name = "Productivity % of best",
labels = function(b) { paste0(round(b * 100, 0), "%")})) +
theme(
axis.title.y = element_text(color = "grey"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "blue"))
library(ggplot2)
scaleFactor <- max(mtcars$cyl) / max(mtcars$hp)
ggplot(mtcars, aes(x=disp)) +
geom_smooth(aes(y=cyl), method="loess", col="blue") +
geom_smooth(aes(y=hp * scaleFactor), method="loess", col="red") +
scale_y_continuous(name="cyl", sec.axis=sec_axis(~./scaleFactor, name="hp")) +
theme(
axis.title.y.left=element_text(color="blue"),
axis.text.y.left=element_text(color="blue"),
axis.title.y.right=element_text(color="red"),
axis.text.y.right=element_text(color="red")
)
climate <- tibble(
Month = 1:12,
Temp = c(-4,-4,0,5,11,15,16,15,11,6,1,-3),
Precip = c(49,36,47,41,53,65,81,89,90,84,73,55)
)
ylim.prim <- c(0, 180) # in this example, precipitation
ylim.sec <- c(-4, 18) # in this example, temperature
b <- diff(ylim.prim)/diff(ylim.sec)
a <- ylim.prim[1] - b*ylim.sec[1]) # there was a bug here
ggplot(climate, aes(Month, Precip)) +
geom_col() +
geom_line(aes(y = a + Temp*b), color = "red") +
scale_y_continuous("Precipitation", sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. - a)/b, name = "Temperature")) +
scale_x_continuous("Month", breaks = 1:12) +
ggtitle("Climatogram for Oslo (1961-1990)")
ggplot(climate, aes(Month, Precip)) +
geom_col() +
geom_line(aes(y = a + Temp*b), color = "red") +
scale_y_continuous("Precipitation", sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. - a)/b, name = "Temperature")) +
scale_x_continuous("Month", breaks = 1:12) +
theme(axis.line.y.right = element_line(color = "red"),
axis.ticks.y.right = element_line(color = "red"),
axis.text.y.right = element_text(color = "red"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "red")
) +
ggtitle("Climatogram for Oslo (1961-1990)")
climate <- tibble(
Month = 1:12,
Temp = c(-4,-4,0,5,11,15,16,15,11,6,1,-3),
Precip = c(49,36,47,41,53,65,81,89,90,84,73,55)
)
#Set the limits of each axis manually:
ylim.prim <- c(0, 180) # in this example, precipitation
ylim.sec <- c(-4, 18) # in this example, temperature
b <- diff(ylim.sec)/diff(ylim.prim)
#If all values are the same this messes up the transformation, so we need to modify it here
if(b==0){
ylim.sec <- c(ylim.sec[1]-1, ylim.sec[2]+1)
b <- diff(ylim.sec)/diff(ylim.prim)
}
if (is.na(b)){
ylim.prim <- c(ylim.prim[1]-1, ylim.prim[2]+1)
b <- diff(ylim.sec)/diff(ylim.prim)
}
ggplot(climate, aes(Month, Precip)) +
geom_col() +
geom_line(aes(y = ylim.prim[1]+(Temp-ylim.sec[1])/b), color = "red") +
scale_y_continuous("Precipitation", sec.axis = sec_axis(~((.-ylim.prim[1]) *b + ylim.sec[1]), name = "Temperature"), limits = ylim.prim) +
scale_x_continuous("Month", breaks = 1:12) +
ggtitle("Climatogram for Oslo (1961-1990)")
#Climatogram for Oslo (1961-1990)
climate <- tibble(
Month = 1:12,
Temp = c(-4,-4,0,5,11,15,16,15,11,6,1,-3),
Precip = c(49,36,47,41,53,65,81,89,90,84,73,55))
#y1 identifies the position, relative to the y1 axis,
#the locations of the minimum and maximum of the y2 graph.
#Usually this will be the min and max of y1.
#y1<-(c(max(climate$Precip), 0))
#y1<-(c(150, 55))
y1<-(c(max(climate$Precip), min(climate$Precip)))
#y2 is the Minimum and maximum of the secondary axis data.
y2<-(c(max(climate$Temp), min(climate$Temp)))
#axis combines y1 and y2 into a dataframe used for regressions.
axis<-cbind(y1,y2)
axis<-data.frame(axis)
#Regression of Temperature to Precipitation:
T2P<-lm(formula = y1 ~ y2, data = axis)
T2P_summary <- summary(lm(formula = y1 ~ y2, data = axis))
T2P_summary
#Identifies the intercept and slope of regressing Temperature to Precipitation:
T2PInt<-T2P_summary$coefficients[1, 1]
T2PSlope<-T2P_summary$coefficients[2, 1]
#Regression of Precipitation to Temperature:
P2T<-lm(formula = y2 ~ y1, data = axis)
P2T_summary <- summary(lm(formula = y2 ~ y1, data = axis))
P2T_summary
#Identifies the intercept and slope of regressing Precipitation to Temperature:
P2TInt<-P2T_summary$coefficients[1, 1]
P2TSlope<-P2T_summary$coefficients[2, 1]
#Create Plot:
ggplot(climate, aes(Month, Precip)) +
geom_col() +
geom_line(aes(y = T2PSlope*Temp + T2PInt), color = "red") +
scale_y_continuous("Precipitation", sec.axis = sec_axis(~.*P2TSlope + P2TInt, name = "Temperature")) +
scale_x_continuous("Month", breaks = 1:12) +
theme(axis.line.y.right = element_line(color = "red"),
axis.ticks.y.right = element_line(color = "red"),
axis.text.y.right = element_text(color = "red"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "red")) +
ggtitle("Climatogram for Oslo (1961-1990)")