R 如何根据某些条件更改列的值？

我有一个名为data1的数据帧

> data1 <- data.frame(name = c("apple","apple","pine","pine", 
                                 "apple","apple", "pine","pine","banana","banana"),
                        characters = c("red","green","yellow","brown",
                                       "big","sweet","delicious","medium","soft", "long"))

    > data1  
     name characters
1   apple        red
2   apple      green
3    pine     yellow
4    pine      brown
5   apple        big
6   apple      sweet
7    pine  delicious
8    pine     medium
9  banana       soft
10 banana       long

---

事实上，data1非常大。我需要将data1$name中的相同值更改为特殊值。所以我需要一个通用的方法来实现它。我尝试使用If语句来执行此操作，但存在一些错误。我该怎么做呢？

就像我在对问题的评论中所说的，我没有看到列之间的关系，前缀不是按第一列的组变化吗

如果是这样，下面的代码将满足问题的要求。它使用标准的R

cumsum

技巧创建索引

k

。然后粘贴由索引

k

和列

data1$name

索引的前缀

pref <- c("col", "color", "oth", "des")
k <- cumsum(c(1, abs(diff(data1$name == "apple")) > 0))

data2 <- data.frame(name = paste0(pref[k], data1$name),
                    characters = data1$characters)

data2
#        name characters
#1   colapple        red
#2   colapple      green
#3   colapple      white
#4  colorpine     yellow
#5  colorpine      brown
#6  colorpine      black
#7   othapple        big
#8   othapple      sweet
#9   othapple      small
#10   despine  delicious
#11   despine     medium
#12   despine       ache

---

资料

---

data1我没有看到列之间的关系，前缀不是按第一列的组变化吗？name变量中有相同的值，例如“apple”。但是对应的字符变量值是不同的。所以我想区分它们。是的，我知道字符变量是不同的。实际输入是否更大，并且
“字符”
和前缀之间始终保持相同的对应关系？是的。我需要根据data3的值更改data1$name的相同值。编辑后立即查看答案。
pref <- c("col", "color", "oth", "des")
k <- cumsum(c(1, abs(diff(data1$name == "apple")) > 0))

data2 <- data.frame(name = paste0(pref[k], data1$name),
                    characters = data1$characters)

data2
#        name characters
#1   colapple        red
#2   colapple      green
#3   colapple      white
#4  colorpine     yellow
#5  colorpine      brown
#6  colorpine      black
#7   othapple        big
#8   othapple      sweet
#9   othapple      small
#10   despine  delicious
#11   despine     medium
#12   despine       ache

pref3 <- c(rep("col", 2), rep("color", 2), rep("oth", 2), rep("des", 2), rep("", 2))
pref3 <- setNames(pref3, data3$characters)

k <- match(data3$characters, names(pref3))
data3$name <- paste0(pref3[k], data3$name)

data1 <- data.frame(name = c("apple","apple","apple", "pine","pine","pine",
                             "apple","apple","apple", "pine","pine","pine"),
                    characters = c("red","green","white","yellow","brown","black",
                                   "big","sweet","small","delicious","medium","ache"))

data3 <- data.frame(name = c("apple","apple","pine","pine", 
                             "apple","apple", "pine","pine","banana","banana"),
                    characters = c("red","green","yellow","brown",
                                   "big","sweet","delicious","medium","soft", "long"))