Ruby on rails 3 Geokit Gem 1.5和Ruby 1.9.2=>&引用；不兼容字符编码：UTF-8和ASCII-8BIT“；

我目前正在使用最前沿的东西编写一个rails应用程序。Rails3、rSpec2、Ruby 1.9.2和Geokit 1.5.0。当我尝试对具有非ASCII-8Bit格式的特殊字符的地址进行地理编码时，会出现以下错误：

不兼容的字符编码： UTF-8和ASCII-8BIT

轨迹如下所示：

1) Spot Basic Validations should calculate lat and lng
    Failure/Error: spot = Spot.create!({
    incompatible character encodings: UTF-8 and ASCII-8BIT
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:435:in `do_geocode'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:126:in `geocode'
    # ./app/models/spot.rb:26:in `geocode_address'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:409:in `_run_validation_callbacks'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb:53:in `run_validations!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations.rb:168:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:55:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:75:in `perform_validations'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:49:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:30:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `block in save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:289:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:139:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:204:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:287:in `with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:34:in `create!'
    # ./spec/models/spot_spec.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

geo = Geokit::Geocoders::MultiGeocoder.geocode(CGI.escape(address))

1）现场基本验证应计算lat和lng
失败/错误：spot=spot.create！({
不兼容的字符编码：UTF-8和ASCII-8BIT
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:435:in'do_geocode'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:126:in“地理编码”
#./app/models/spot.rb:26:in'geocode_address'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:409:in`_run\u validation\u callbacks'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u model/validations/callbacks.rb:53:in'run\u validations！'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations.rb:168:in“valid？”
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:55:in'valid'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/validations.rb:75:in“perform\u validations”
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:49:in'save！'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/attribute\u methods/dirty.rb:30:in'save！'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:242:在“保存中的块”中
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:289:in`block in with_transaction\u returning\u status'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:139:in'transaction'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:204:in“transaction”
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:287:in“with\u transaction\u returning\u status”
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in'save！'
#/Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:34:in'create！'
#./spec/models/spot_spec.rb:13:in'block（2层）in'

我在所有相关文件（规格、工厂和型号）中都使用了

#coding:utf-8

，但当我使用像“Elsassers Straße 27”这样的地址时，就会出现这个错误

---

有什么提示吗？我想Geokit已经与1.9.1兼容了，因此与所有这些新的编码方式兼容了。

你在使用Postgres和pg gem v0.8吗？升级到0.9吗？我知道这是一个非常晚的答案，但我已经为Geokit gem编写了一个Google geocoder，可以处理所有问题这个地理编码器使用谷歌地理编码服务的最新V3 API。优点是现在它不解析XML，而是JSON，速度更快，再加上所需的gem Yajl（ruby的一个超快速JSON解析器）要快得多。我的基准测试显示比旧方法快1.5倍左右

---

我知道这是一个非常晚的答案，但我已经为Geokit gem编写了一个Google geocoder，用于处理所有这些不兼容错误。该geocoder使用谷歌地理编码服务的最新V3 API。其优点是现在它不解析XML，而是解析JSON，后者更快，与所需的gem Yajl相匹配（一个用于ruby的超快速json解析器）的速度要快得多。我的基准测试显示，速度是旧方法的1.5倍

---

我也遇到了同样的问题，我通过添加CGI.escape（）解决了这个问题，如下所示：

1) Spot Basic Validations should calculate lat and lng
    Failure/Error: spot = Spot.create!({
    incompatible character encodings: UTF-8 and ASCII-8BIT
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:435:in `do_geocode'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:126:in `geocode'
    # ./app/models/spot.rb:26:in `geocode_address'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:409:in `_run_validation_callbacks'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb:53:in `run_validations!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations.rb:168:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:55:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:75:in `perform_validations'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:49:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:30:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `block in save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:289:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:139:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:204:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:287:in `with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:34:in `create!'
    # ./spec/models/spot_spec.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

geo = Geokit::Geocoders::MultiGeocoder.geocode(CGI.escape(address))

---

我也遇到了同样的问题，我通过添加CGI.escape（）解决了这个问题，如下所示：

1) Spot Basic Validations should calculate lat and lng
    Failure/Error: spot = Spot.create!({
    incompatible character encodings: UTF-8 and ASCII-8BIT
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:435:in `do_geocode'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/geokit-1.5.0/lib/geokit/geocoders.rb:126:in `geocode'
    # ./app/models/spot.rb:26:in `geocode_address'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:409:in `_run_validation_callbacks'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb:53:in `run_validations!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activemodel-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_model/validations.rb:168:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:55:in `valid?'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:75:in `perform_validations'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:49:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:30:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `block in save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:289:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:139:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:204:in `transaction'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:287:in `with_transaction_returning_status'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:242:in `save!'
    # /Users/nilsriedemann/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activerecord-3.0.0.rc/lib/active_record/validations.rb:34:in `create!'
    # ./spec/models/spot_spec.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

geo = Geokit::Geocoders::MultiGeocoder.geocode(CGI.escape(address))

---

使用CGI.escape不是一个好主意，因为它会产生意想不到的结果。试试“挪威奥斯陆”，无论有没有CGI.escape，你都会明白我的意思

更好的解决方案是在以下位置使用Iconv：

ic = Iconv.new('US-ASCII//IGNORE', 'UTF-8')
utf8location = ic.iconv(location)

干杯

编辑：Wes Gamble建议我在这里编辑，我认为这是相关的：

使用

//IGNORE

将删除任何非ASCII字符。但在许多（大多数）情况下，您可能希望对某些字符进行音译，例如umlauts（例如，“Zürich”将变成“Zurich”）或carons（例如“Niš”将变成“Nis”），以便成功地对它们进行地理编码。如果您忽略非ASCII字符，则“Zürich”将变成“Zrich”“Niš”将变成“Ni”，两者都不会成功地进行地理编码

你想用这个吗

ic = Iconv.new('US-ASCII//TRANSLIT', 'UTF-8')

---

请注意，如果音译无法完成，转换将引发异常，因此请确保您能够处理该异常。

使用CGI.escape不是一个好主意，因为它会产生意外的结果。尝试使用或不使用CGI.escape的“挪威奥斯陆”，您将了解我的意思

更好的解决方案是在以下位置使用Iconv：

ic = Iconv.new('US-ASCII//IGNORE', 'UTF-8')
utf8location = ic.iconv(location)

干杯

编辑：Wes Gamble建议我在这里编辑，我认为这是相关的：

使用

//IGNORE

将删除任何非ASCII字符。但在许多（大多数）情况下，您可能希望对某些字符进行音译，例如umlauts（例如，“Zürich”将变成“Zurich”）或carons（例如“Niš”将变成“Nis”），以便成功地对它们进行地理编码。如果您忽略非ASCII字符，则“Zürich”将变成“Zrich”“Niš”将变成“Ni”，两者都不会成功地进行地理编码