Ruby on rails 命名错误：未定义的方法'；用户'；零级：零级

我正在通读这本书，在第5章中我被困在测试会话控制器的过程中。我发现以下错误，似乎无法找到它。有没有一个很好的方法来找出这类错误？我错过了什么

 1) Api::V1::SessionsController POST #create when the credentials are correct returns the user record corresponding to the given credentials
 Failure/Error: post :create, { session: credentials }
 NoMethodError:
   undefined method `user' for nil:NilClass

应用程序在Rails 4.0.2、Ruby 2.2.1中

这是我的测试：

require 'spec_helper'

describe Api::V1::SessionsController do

  describe "POST #create" do

    before(:each) do
      @user = FactoryGirl.create :user
    end

    context "when the credentials are correct" do
      puts @user

      before(:each) do
        credentials = { email: @user.email, password: "12345678" }
        post :create, { session: credentials }
      end

      it "returns the user record corresponding to the given credentials" do
        @user.reload
        expect(json_response[:auth_token]).to eql @user.auth_token
      end

      it { should respond_with 200 }
    end


  end


end

以下是会话控制器：

class Api::V1::SessionsController < ApplicationController
  respond_to :json

  def create
    user_password = params[:session][:password]
    user_email = params[:session][:email]
    user = user_email.present? && User.find_by(email: user_email)

    if user.valid_password? user_password
      sign_in user, store: false
      user.generate_authentication_token!
      user.save
      render json: user, status: 200, location: [:api, user]
    else
      render json: { errors: "Invalid email or password" }, status: 422
    end
  end

end

class Api::V1::UsersController < ApplicationController
  respond_to :json

  def show
    respond_with User.find(params[:id])
  end

  def create
    user = User.new(user_params)
    if user.save
      render json: user, status: 201, location: [:api, user]
    else
      render json: { errors: user.errors }, status: 422
    end
  end

  def update
    user = User.find(params[:id])

    if user.update(user_params)
      render json: user, status: 200, location: [:api, user]
    else
      render json: { errors: user.errors }, status: 422
    end
  end

  def destroy
    user = User.find(params[:id])
    user.destroy
    head 204
  end

  private
    def user_params
      params.require(:user).permit(:email, :password, :password_confirmation)
    end


end

以及用户模型：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  validates :auth_token, uniqueness: true


  # Include default devise modules. Others available are:
  # :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable and :omniauthable
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable

  before_create :generate_authentication_token!

  def generate_authentication_token!
    begin
      self.auth_token = Devise.friendly_token
    end while self.class.exists?(auth_token: auth_token)
  end
end

class用户

您是否已在spec/rails\u helper.rb中添加了designe\u helper

RSpec.configure do |config|
  ...
  config.include Devise::TestHelpers, type: :controller
  ...
end

---

你有用户工厂吗

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :user do
    username user
    email user@user.com
    password '12345678'
    password_confirmation { '12345678' }
  end
end

您需要定义它，以便FactoryGirl可以创建用户更改

if user.valid_password? user_password

致：

或：

---

在sessions\u controller.rb文件中。

这正是问题所在。非常感谢你！

if user.valid_password? user_password

if user and valid_password? user_password

if user && valid_password?(user_password)