Ruby 如何修复“；错误：无法生成gem本机扩展；安装CoCoapod时出错？

我正在尝试在全新的MacOSX11.1上安装cocoapods。我已经运行了以下命令：

sudo gem install cocoapods -n /usr/local/bin

但是，当我运行最后一个命令时，出现以下错误：

ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.14.2/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /Library/Ruby/Site/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20201226-10485-158gl5m.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.14.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-20/2.6.0/ffi-1.14.2/gem_make.out

我该怎么做

sudo gem update --system

---

它解决了我的问题

这里提出的任何解决方案都不适合我，我的解决方案是将ruby更新到此版本：

rvm install ruby-2.6.3
rvm use ruby-2.6.3
rvm --default use 2.6.3

然后运行：

sudo gem install cocoapods

---

您需要安装Xcode及其CLI才能在MacOS上构建gems。是的，我尝试使用此命令安装

Xcode select--install

，并解决了问题。

sudo gem install cocoapods -n /usr/local/bin

rvm install ruby-2.6.3
rvm use ruby-2.6.3
rvm --default use 2.6.3

sudo gem install cocoapods