Shell 用条件分隔和计算列表中元素的数量

我想分离并计算输入列表中的元素数。 input.txt包含两列，$1是元素ID，$2是它的比率（数字）

我想将这些比率分为以下几类：

Greater than or equal to 2
Between 1 and 2
Between 0.5 and 1
Between -0.5 and 0.5
Between -1 and -0.5
Between -2 and -1
Less than or equal to 2

然后将每个类别的计数打印到单独的输出文件results.txt中：

Total   16
 > 2    3
 1 to 2  1
 0.5 to 1    2
-0.5 to 0.5  6
-0.5 to -1   1
-1 to -2     1
 < -2    2

总计16个
> 2    3
1对2 1
0.5至1.2
-0.5至0.5 6
-0.5至-1
-1至2 1
< -2    2

我可以使用以下命令行执行此操作：

awk $2 > 2 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 > 0.5 && $2 < 1 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 > -0.5 && $2 < 0.5 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 > -0.5 && $2 < -1 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 > -1 && $2 < -0.5 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 > -2 && $2 < -1 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l
awk $2 < -2 {print $1,$2} input.txt | wc -l

awk$2>2{print$1，$2}input.txt | wc-l
awk$2>0.5&&$2<1{print$1，$2}input.txt|wc-l
awk$2>-0.5&&$2<0.5{print$1，$2}input.txt | wc-l
awk$2>-0.5&&$2<-1{print$1，$2}input.txt | wc-l
awk$2>-1&&$2<-0.5{print$1，$2}input.txt | wc-l
awk$2>-2&&$2<-1{print$1，$2}input.txt|wc-l
awk$2<-2{print$1，$2}input.txt | wc-l

---

我认为有一种更快的方法可以使用while或for循环的shell脚本来实现，但我不知道如何实现。任何建议都会非常棒。

您只需处理一次文件，简单的方法是：

awk '$2>=2{a++;next}
$2>0.5 && $2 <1 {b++;next}
$2>-0.5 && $2 <0.5 {c++;next}
...
$2<=-2{x++;next}
END{print "total:",NR;
    print ">2:",a;
    print "1-2:",b;
    ...
    print "<-2:",x
}' file

awk'$2>=2{a++；next}
$2>0.5&&$2-0.5&&$2一种方法是通过维护您感兴趣的每个类别的运行计数，使用单个awk命令来实现这一点

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -ne 1 ]
then
    echo "Usage: $0 INPUT"
    exit 1
fi

awk ' {
  if      ($2 >  2)   count[0]++
  else if ($2 >  1)   count[1]++
  else if ($2 >  0.5) count[2]++
  else if ($2 > -0.5) count[3]++
  else if ($2 > -1)   count[4]++
  else if ($2 > -2)   count[5]++
  else count[6]++
} END {
  print "      >  2\t",   count[0]
  print " 1   to  2\t",   count[1]
  print " 0.5 to  1\t",   count[2]
  print "-0.5 to  0.5\t", count[3]
  print "-1   to -0.5\t", count[4]
  print "-2   to -1\t",   count[5]
  print "      < -2\t",   count[6]
}' $1

#/bin/bash
如果[$#-ne 1]
然后
echo“用法：$0输入”
出口1
fi
awk'{
如果（$2>2）计数[0]++
如果（$2>1），则计数[1]++
否则如果（$2>0.5）计数[2]++
否则如果（$2>-0.5）计数[3]++
否则如果（$2>-1）计数[4]++
否则如果（$2>-2）计数[5]++
其他计数[6]++
}结束{
打印“>2\t”，计数[0]
打印“1到2\t”，计数[1]
打印“0.5到1\t”，计数[2]
打印“-0.5到0.5\t”，计数[3]
打印“-1到-0.5\t”，计数[4]
打印“-2到-1\t”，计数[5]
打印“<-2\t”，计数[6]
}' $1
您可以使用
sort
对条目进行数字排序，然后计算每个间隔中的条目数。例如，考虑到您的输入：

cut -f 2 -d ' ' input.txt | sort -nr | awk '
    BEGIN { split("2 1 0.5 -0.5 -1 -2", inter); i = 1; }
    {
        if (i > 6) { ++c; next; }
        if ($1 >= inter[i]) ++c;
        else if (i == 1) { print c, "greater than", inter[i++]; c = 1; }
        else { print c, "between", inter[i - 1], "and", inter[i++]; c = 1; }
    }
    END { print c, "lower than", inter[i - 1]; }'

如果您的输入已经排序，您甚至可以使用以下命令缩短命令行：

awk 'BEGIN { split("2 1 0.5 -0.5 -1 -2", inter); i = 1; }
{
    if (i > 6) { ++c; next; }
    if ($2 >= inter[i]) ++c;
    else if (i == 1) { print c, "greater than", inter[i++]; c = 1; }
    else { print c, "between", inter[i - 1], "and", inter[i++]; c = 1; }
}
END { print c, "lower than", inter[i - 1]; }' input.txt

以及生成的输出--您可以根据需要格式化：

3 greater than 2
1 between 2 and 1
2 between 1 and 0.5
6 between 0.5 and -0.5
1 between -0.5 and -1
1 between -1 and -2
2 lower than -2

使用
script.awk
：

{
    if ($2>=2) counter1++
    else if ($2>=1) counter2++
    else if ($2>=0.5) counter3++
    else if ($2>=-0.5) counter4++
    else if ($2>=-1) counter5++
    else if ($2>=-2) counter6++
    else counter7++
}
END{
    print "Greater than 2: "counter1
    print "Between 1 and 2: "counter2
    print "Between 0.5 and 1: "counter3
    print "Between -0.5 and 0.5: "counter4
    print "Between -1 and -0.5: "counter5
    print "Between -2 and -1: "counter6
    print "Less than 2: "counter7
}

脚本toto：

awk '
      $2>2                  { count[1]++; label[1]="Greater than or equal to 2"; }
     ($2>1    && $2<=2)     { count[2]++; label[2]="Between 1 and 2"; }
     ($2>0.5  && $2<=1)     { count[3]++; label[3]="Between 0.5 and 1"; }
     ($2>-0.5 && $2<=0.5)   { count[4]++; label[4]="Between -0.5 and 0.5"; }
     ($2>-1   && $2<=-0.5)  { count[5]++; label[5]="Between -1 and -0.5"; }
     ($2>-2   && $2<=-1)    { count[6]++; label[6]="Between -2 and -1"; }
                 $2<=-2     { count[7]++; label[7]="Less than or equal to 2"; }

    END { for (i=1;i<=7;i++)
           {   printf "%-30s %s\n" ,label[i], count[i];
           }
        }
    '  /tmp/input.txt

固定的。我追求的是清晰而不是简洁^^^哈哈！谢谢你的评论！是OP为自己的目的选择了最好的方法（你的选择也很简洁！^^^^啊，比我的更简洁^^^+1应该选择这个方法……这确实是OP希望有一个while/for循环（即一种将程序/方法与实际值分开的方法）。
{
    if ($2>=2) counter1++
    else if ($2>=1) counter2++
    else if ($2>=0.5) counter3++
    else if ($2>=-0.5) counter4++
    else if ($2>=-1) counter5++
    else if ($2>=-2) counter6++
    else counter7++
}
END{
    print "Greater than 2: "counter1
    print "Between 1 and 2: "counter2
    print "Between 0.5 and 1: "counter3
    print "Between -0.5 and 0.5: "counter4
    print "Between -1 and -0.5: "counter5
    print "Between -2 and -1: "counter6
    print "Less than 2: "counter7
}

awk '
      $2>2                  { count[1]++; label[1]="Greater than or equal to 2"; }
     ($2>1    && $2<=2)     { count[2]++; label[2]="Between 1 and 2"; }
     ($2>0.5  && $2<=1)     { count[3]++; label[3]="Between 0.5 and 1"; }
     ($2>-0.5 && $2<=0.5)   { count[4]++; label[4]="Between -0.5 and 0.5"; }
     ($2>-1   && $2<=-0.5)  { count[5]++; label[5]="Between -1 and -0.5"; }
     ($2>-2   && $2<=-1)    { count[6]++; label[6]="Between -2 and -1"; }
                 $2<=-2     { count[7]++; label[7]="Less than or equal to 2"; }

    END { for (i=1;i<=7;i++)
           {   printf "%-30s %s\n" ,label[i], count[i];
           }
        }
    '  /tmp/input.txt

. /tmp/toto

Greater than or equal to 2     3
Between 1 and 2                1
Between 0.5 and 1              2
Between -0.5 and 0.5           6
Between -1 and -0.5            1
Between -2 and -1              1
Less than or equal to 2        2