Spring Hibernate：完成时在unittest生成中回滚；“事务未成功启动”；

当我在单元测试中执行回滚时，测试后会抛出以下异常

org.springframework.transaction.TransactionSystemException: Could not roll back Hibernate transaction; nested exception is org.hibernate.TransactionException: Transaction not successfully started
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doRollback(HibernateTransactionManager.java:679)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processRollback(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:845)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.rollback(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:822)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener$TransactionContext.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:518)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:292)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.afterTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:185)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.afterTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:406)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:91)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
    Caused by: org.hibernate.TransactionException: Transaction not successfully started
at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.rollback(JDBCTransaction.java:179)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doRollback(HibernateTransactionManager.java:676)
... 25 more

我的印象是，事务在回滚后关闭，并创建了一个新事务。但是，这个新的测试没有启动，当测试试图关闭它时，它会产生错误

测试：

    package de.company.backend.web;

    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

    import de.company.backend.hibernate.HibernateUtil;

    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @Transactional
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/app-context.xml", "/test-app-context.xml" })
    public class RollbackTest {

        @Test
        public void testRollback() {
            HibernateUtil.rollback();
        }

    }

形成appcontext

<!-- make @Transactional working -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- Use open session in view pattern for json/rest controller + transaction is similarly opened/closed -->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewInterceptor">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />            
        <property name="flushModeName">  
            <value>FLUSH_AUTO</value>  
        </property>  
    </bean>
</mvc:interceptors>

有人有什么建议吗

---

非常感谢

最后，我让spring处理异常，并让spring根据以下解释生成相应的json：

---

我不确定您想在这里测试什么，但该场景存在缺陷。对尚未启动的事务调用直接回滚是错误的。这只是我的测试中创建错误的部分。实际情况是，如果发生异常，则相应地设置状态并回滚事务。这个回滚是有效的，所以我调用的直接回滚工作得很好。单元测试调用的回滚抛出所描述的异常。我想做的事可以理解吗？如果没有，请再次询问其他信息：回滚后，当前事务与调用前不同。您正在尝试回滚由测试框架启动的事务。测试框架在结束时本身正在回滚，并且由于手动回滚而失败。不幸的是，发布的代码过于简化，我很难理解真实场景是什么样子。@mrembisz感谢您的努力。实际上，这是整个测试都失败了，所以没有简化。我是怎么写这个测试的？我的代码的这一部分产生了错误，所以我从中删除了所有其他内容。首先是什么情况？web服务确实会修改某些实体，如果发生错误，它应该回滚事务并返回自定义错误消息。这种行为在真实场景中有效，但我希望通过测试来涵盖它。然而，每当我在测试环境中使用回滚时，就会出现所描述的错误。

    package de.company.backend.hibernate;

    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;

    import de.company.backend.spring.SpringFactory;

    public class HibernateUtil {

        public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
            return (SessionFactory) SpringFactory
                    .generate("sessionFactory");
        }

        public static Session getCurrentSession() {
            return getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
        }

        public static Transaction getCurrentTransaction() {
            Transaction transaction = getCurrentSession().getTransaction();
            return transaction;
        }

        public static void flush() {
            getCurrentSession().flush();
        }

        public static void commit() {
            getCurrentTransaction().commit();
        }

        public static void rollback() {
            Transaction transaction = getCurrentTransaction();
            transaction.rollback();
        }

    }