Spring 无法使用JNDI数据源在JUnit中加载ApplicationContext

我在测试我的应用程序时遇到了一些问题，但它在正常执行时运行良好。 我认为它来自未找到的JNDI资源，但我不明白为什么以及如何修复它

当我启动Junit测试时，出现以下错误：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
    at ...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'DAOImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource com.sample.DAOImpl.myDatasource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=myDatasource)}
Related cause: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'myDatasource' defined in URL [file:src/test/resources/spring/test-dao-config.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:288)
    at ...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource com.sample.DAOImpl.myDatasource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=myDatasource)}
    at ...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=myDatasource)}
    at ..

以下是我的配置：

Context.xml

<Resource name="jdbc/myDatasource" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
    driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"
    url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@database:99999:instance"
    username="user"
    password="password"
    validationQuery="select 1 from dual"
    testOnBorrow ="true"
    maxActive="5"
    maxIdle="1"
    maxWait="-1" />

<bean id="myDatasource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
    <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/myDatasource" />
</bean>

@Repository
public class DacsDAOImpl implements DacsDAO
{
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DAOImpl.class);

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("myDatasource")
    private DataSource myDatasource;

    ....
}

还有我的测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:src/test/resources/spring/test-dao-config.xml" })
public class MyDAOImplTest
{
    private MyDAO dao;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void initJndi() throws IllegalStateException, NamingException
    {
        //some test, but doesn't work

//      SimpleNamingContextBuilder builder = SimpleNamingContextBuilder.emptyActivatedContextBuilder();
//      builder.bind("java:comp/env/jdbc/myDatasource", "myDatasource");
//      builder.activate();
    }

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws IllegalStateException, NamingException
    {
        dao = new MyDAOImpl();
    }

    @Test
    public void testTotalUser()
    {
        int result = dao.getTotalUser();
        Assert.assertEquals(0, result);
    }
}

---

谢谢

您正在一个测试用例中运行，

Context.xml中的所有内容都不可用，因为只有tomcat上才有。为什么在测试用例中需要jndi查找？如果您想测试dao，请使用内存中的数据库，如hsql、h2或derby，并改用它。Spring有一些很好的标签，可以让您轻松使用

<jdbc:embedded-database id="myDataSource" type="H2">
    // Add some init scripts here.
</jdbc:embedded-database>

最后，您的测试也有缺陷，您正在加载您的上下文，但没有使用它做任何事情。您正在
@Before
方法中构造一个
MyDAOImpl
。既然你什么都不做，为什么还要费心加载上下文呢
 请发布堆栈跟踪的其余部分。实际上，datasource是daoImpl的一个自动连接属性。我知道有像H2这样的嵌入式数据库，我下一步将使用它，但我想在添加一些我不知道的东西之前让我的测试工作起来，这是行不通的。正如我已经提到的，您没有可用的JNDI。除非从context.xml中复制配置，否则您将无法连接到实际数据库。请配置指向实际数据库的实际
数据源。然后必须使用
SimpleNameingContextBuilder
将其添加到模拟JNDI树中
@BeforeClass
public static void initJndi() throws IllegalStateException, NamingException
{
    //some test, but doesn't work
    // Construct in-memory database
  SimpleNamingContextBuilder builder = SimpleNamingContextBuilder.emptyActivatedContextBuilder();
  builder.bind("java:comp/env/jdbc/myDatasource", myDatasource);  //Actual datasource not a String!
  builder.activate();
}