Sql server 如果作业中的任何步骤失败，通知操作员

我可以如何配置Sql Server 2008，以便在作业中的任何步骤失败时通知操作员

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我有一个Sql Server作业，其中包括几个步骤来更新来自多个不同来源的数据，然后是最后一个步骤，该步骤对数据执行多个计算。所有数据刷新步骤都设置为在出现故障时转到下一步。一般来说，如果其中一个数据刷新失败，我仍然希望运行最后一步，但我仍然希望得到有关中间故障的通知，因此如果它们持续失败，我可以进行调查。

转到作业属性>通知选项卡>作业完成时要执行的操作

在该选项下，选中电子邮件复选框，并从下拉列表中选择作业失败时，然后保存作业

阅读上面的第四点

如果要通过电子邮件通知操作员，请选中电子邮件，从列表中选择操作员，然后选择以下选项之一：

作业成功时：作业成功完成时通知操作员

作业失败时：作业未成功完成时通知操作员

作业完成时：通知操作员，无论完成状态如何

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下面是我们如何做到这一点。我们添加了最后一个T-SQL步骤，通常称为检查步骤

SELECT  step_name, message
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
        AND job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
        AND run_status <> 1 -- success

IF      @@ROWCOUNT <> 0
        RAISERROR('Ooops', 16, 1)

请注意，此代码正在使用$。。。部分，因此代码不能按原样在SSMS中执行。它基本上尝试在sysjobhistory中查找当前作业的前几个步骤的条目，并查找故障状态

在Properties->Advanced中，您还可以选中Include step output In history（在历史记录中包含步骤输出），以从步骤失败中获取消息。保留On failure操作以退出作业报告失败。

在每个步骤中添加代码：

if @@error > 0
EXEC sp_send_dbmail @profile_name='DBATeam',
@recipients=dbadmin@somewhere.com',
@subject='SomeJob SomeStep failed',
@body='This is the body of SomeJob SomeStep failed' 

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我的大多数步骤都设置为重试，因为一个独特的translog场景会导致偶尔的阻塞。即使已成功重试步骤，wqw的post也会发出警报。我做了一个调整，如果某个步骤失败，它将不会发出警报，但重试成功

SELECT  step_id, MIN(run_status)
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
        AND job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
GROUP BY step_id
HAVING MIN(run_status) <> 1 -- success

IF @@ROWCOUNT <> 0
RAISERROR('FailedStep', 16, 1)

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@wqw公认的答案非常好

我已经为那些启用了数据库邮件的人扩展了它，他们可以通过电子邮件更详细地了解失败的原因和方式。还将icvader的答案纳入本页，以考虑重试次数

对于我们这些需要更多细节来判断是否需要在场外/待命时采取紧急行动的人来说，这真的很有帮助

DECLARE 

@YourRecipients as varchar(1000) = 'myadminemail@bloatcorp.com'
,@YourMailProfileName as varchar(255) = 'Database Mail'

,@Msg as varchar(1000)
,@NumofFails as smallint
,@JobName as varchar(1000)
,@Subj as varchar(1000)
,@i as smallint = 1


---------------Fetch List of Step Errors------------
SELECT *
INTO #Errs

FROM

    (
    SELECT 
      rank() over (PARTITION BY step_id ORDER BY step_id) rn
    , ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by step_id order by run_date desc, run_time desc) ReverseTryOrder
    ,j.name job_name
    ,run_status
    , step_id
    , step_name
    , [message]

    FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
    join msdb.dbo.sysjobs j on j.job_id = h.job_id

    WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                    WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
            AND h.job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
    ) as agg

WHERE ReverseTryOrder = 1 ---Pick the last retry attempt of each step
  AND run_status <> 1 -- show only those that didn't succeed 


SET @NumofFails = ISNULL(@@ROWCOUNT,0)---Stored here because we'll still need the rowcount after it's reset.


-------------------------If there are any failures assemble email and send ------------------------------------------------
IF  @NumofFails <> 0
    BEGIN

        DECLARE @PluralS as char(1) = CASE WHEN @NumofFails > 1 THEN 's' ELSE '' END ---To make it look like a computer knows English
        SELECT top 1 @Subj = 'Job: ' + job_name + ' had ' + CAST(@NumofFails as varchar(3)) + ' step' + @PluralS + ' that failed'
                    ,@Msg =  'The trouble is... ' +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)

                        FROM dbo.#Errs


        WHILE @i <= @NumofFails 
        BEGIN
            SELECT @Msg = @Msg + 'Step:' + CAST(step_id as varchar(3)) + ': ' + step_name  +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)

            + [message] +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) FROM dbo.#Errs
            WHERE rn = @i


            SET @i = @i + 1
        END

            exec msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
            @recipients = @YourRecipients,
            @subject = @Subj,
            @profile_name = @YourMailProfileName,
            @body = @Msg


    END

与其他答案的一个不同之处在于：不会将整个工作视为一个错误。

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这是为了在工作历史中保留中止和错误完成之间的区别。

Adamantish的答案是完美的解决方案谢谢：工作完美无瑕。。小编辑。正如wqw之前所述，在SSMS中不起作用，将此作为最后一步添加并运行作业

WHERE instance_id > COALESCE
(
(
SELECT MAX(instance_id) 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE job_id = '2XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXX' AND step_id = 0), 0
)
AND h.job_id = '2XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXX'
) 
as agg

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对上述答案的改进，以防有人想使用SQLServer代理中的运算符发送电子邮件；并使用存储在msdb中的数据库配置文件名称：

DECLARE @EmailRecipients as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @MailProfileName as varchar(255)
DECLARE @Msg as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @NumofFails as smallint
DECLARE @JobName as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @Subj as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @i as smallint = 1

SELECT @EmailRecipients = email_address 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysoperators
WHERE name = <Operator Name>

SELECT TOP(1) @MailProfileName = name 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysmail_profile

SELECT * INTO #Errs
FROM
    (SELECT rank() over (PARTITION BY step_id ORDER BY step_id) rn, 
            ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by step_id order by run_date desc, run_time desc) ReverseTryOrder,
           j.name job_name,
           run_status,
           step_id,
           step_name,
           [message]
     FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
     JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON j.job_id = h.job_id
     WHERE instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                    WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
     AND h.job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
    ) AS agg
WHERE ReverseTryOrder = 1 ---Pick the last retry attempt of each step
AND run_status <> 1 -- show only those that didn't succeed 


SET @NumofFails = ISNULL(@@ROWCOUNT,0)---Stored here because we'll still need the rowcount after it's reset.

IF  @NumofFails <> 0
BEGIN
    DECLARE @PluralS as char(1) = CASE WHEN @NumofFails > 1 THEN 's' ELSE '' END

    SELECT top 1 @Subj = job_name + ':'+ CAST(@NumofFails as varchar(3)) + '''Check Steps'' Report',
                 @Msg =  '''Check Steps'' has reported that one or more Steps failed during execution of ' + job_name + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
    FROM dbo.#Errs

    WHILE @i <= @NumofFails 
    BEGIN
        SELECT @Msg = @Msg + 'Step ' + CAST(step_id as varchar(3)) + ': ' + step_name  +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
                     + [message] +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) 
        FROM dbo.#Errs
        WHERE rn = @i

        SET @i = @i + 1
    END

    EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
    @recipients = @EmailRecipients,
    @subject = @Subj,
    @profile_name = @MailProfileName,
    @body = @Msg
END

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不幸的是，这并不能解决问题。首先，这将在完成后发送电子邮件，无论成功与否。我希望只有在一个步骤失败时才能看到电子邮件此外，完成电子邮件不包含任何指示单个步骤失败的文本。它只是简单地说明工作成功了。我如何知道某个特定步骤失败。当作业未成功完成时，如果作业未通知操作员，请使用此选项。这意味着您将收到通知，如果作业以任何失败步骤完成，则即使任何步骤失败，也将完成作业，因为为作业步骤指定了“错误转到下一步”。然后，您可以查看工作历史以了解更多详细信息。。你说什么！作业失败时的选项不会发送电子邮件，因为最后一步成功，即退出作业报告成功，非常漂亮和巧妙。我把它扩展成了一个不那么漂亮但很有用的东西；看我的答案。我还没有仔细看这个问题，但我要说一件事。它的样式比我当时编写SQL的方式要好得多。