Sql 根据日期筛选最近的行

您好，我正在使用此查询根据最近日期选择属于某个实体的物品：

SELECT DISTINCT ld.artigo, 
                cd.data, 
                cd.entidade, 
                cd.tipodoc, 
                cd.numdoc 
FROM   cabecdoc AS cd 
INNER JOIN linhasdoc AS ld 
        ON cd.id = ld.idcabecdoc 
INNER JOIN cabecdocstatus AS cds 
        ON ld.idcabecdoc = cds.idcabecdoc 
WHERE  cd.tipodoc = 'FAR' 
       AND ld.artigo IS NOT NULL 
       AND cds.estado <> 't;r' 
ORDER  BY cd.data DESC 

我想要的结果是：

Artigo                   entidade                             data
Mn09                      0001                                  11-12-2016
Jk90                      0009                               2-07-2016
Tr01                      0012                               4-09-2016

---

多谢各位

将结果查询用作创建新查询的基础

 SELECT Artigo, Entidade, Data
 FROM (  
        SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Artigo ORDER BY Data DESC) as rn
        FROM YourQuery YQ
      ) T
 WHERE T.rn = 1

您可以在artigo上使用带有分区的窗口行数函数来确定哪一个是最新的，并且只提取这些结果

;With Cte As
(
    SELECT ld.artigo
        ,cd.data
        ,cd.entidade
        ,cd.tipodoc
        ,cd.numdoc
        ,Row_Number() Over (Partition By ld.artigo Order By cd.data desc) As Seq
    FROM CabecDoc AS cd
    INNER JOIN LinhasDoc AS ld ON cd.id = ld.IdCabecDoc
    INNER JOIN CabecDocStatus AS cds ON ld.IdCabecDoc = cds.IdCabecDoc
    WHERE cd.TipoDoc = 'FAR'
        AND ld.Artigo IS NOT NULL
        AND cds.Estado <> 't;r'
)
Select  artigo, entidade, data
From    Cte
Where   Seq = 1

---

您可以使用如下窗口函数来实现这一点

;WITH CTE AS (
SELECT DISTINCT ld.artigo, 
                cd.data, 
                cd.entidade, 
                cd.tipodoc, 
                cd.numdoc 
FROM   cabecdoc AS cd 
INNER JOIN linhasdoc AS ld 
        ON cd.id = ld.idcabecdoc 
INNER JOIN cabecdocstatus AS cds 
        ON ld.idcabecdoc = cds.idcabecdoc 
WHERE  cd.tipodoc = 'FAR' 
       AND ld.artigo IS NOT NULL 
       AND cds.estado <> 't;r' 
), CTE1 AS
(
SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Artigo,entidade order by data desc) as RN
FROM CTE
)
SELECT * 
FROM CTE1 
WHERE rn = 1 

---

代码可以根据您的具体需要进一步细化

那么DISTINCT呢？我假设他不需要DISTINCT操作，如果他只在每组中取最上面的项目。好的，即使在同一日期有重复的行，一行是1，另一行是2。所以不会改变结果谢谢你，这很有帮助

;WITH CTE AS (
SELECT DISTINCT ld.artigo, 
                cd.data, 
                cd.entidade, 
                cd.tipodoc, 
                cd.numdoc 
FROM   cabecdoc AS cd 
INNER JOIN linhasdoc AS ld 
        ON cd.id = ld.idcabecdoc 
INNER JOIN cabecdocstatus AS cds 
        ON ld.idcabecdoc = cds.idcabecdoc 
WHERE  cd.tipodoc = 'FAR' 
       AND ld.artigo IS NOT NULL 
       AND cds.estado <> 't;r' 
), CTE1 AS
(
SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Artigo,entidade order by data desc) as RN
FROM CTE
)
SELECT * 
FROM CTE1 
WHERE rn = 1