Sql 存储过程Try/Catch中的错误处理

我需要将错误处理添加到存储过程中。我相信当只有一条insert语句时，通常不需要使用BEGIN TRAN/COMMIT TRAN。另外，使用SETXACT_ABORT、NOCOUNT ON语句的意义是什么。请建议将错误处理添加到以下SP的最佳/标准方法。如果出现错误，我还需要在catch段中调用dbo.usp_get_error_info。请建议

USE [TEST]
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[UspSdtSync]
AS
BEGIN

DECLARE                    @return_value INT
                          ,@RetCode INT
                          ,@RunID INT
                          ,@IntraDayID INT

SET                        @RunID = NULL  
SET                        @IntraDayID = NULL

EXEC                       @return_value = [DST].[SD].[STG].[API_GenerateTempView]
                           @SchemaName = N'TEST_A',
                           @ViewName = N'vw_TEST_KB_CGSE',
                           @ColumnList = N'statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob',
                           @OrderByList = NULL,
                           @ResultSet = 1,                           
                           @RunID = @RunID,
                           @IntraDayID = @IntraDayID,
                           @RetCode = @RetCode OUTPUT

MERGE INTO AeoiSdtTemp AS t
USING (SELECT statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob 
FROM [DST].[SD].[TEST_KB_KTA].[vw_SDT_TEST_KB_CGSE_Temp]) AS s ON ( t.statusE = s.statusE) AND (t.statusF = s.statusF) AND (t.statusG = s.statusG) AND (t.statusH = s.statusH)

/*** Insert records directly into local KTA table ***/
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, StatusCode, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, CreatedDate, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob)
VALUES(s.statusE, s.statusF, s.statusG, s.statusH, s.LastModifiedDate, '11', s.LastModifiedBy, s.LastReviewedBy, GETDATE(), s.statusI, s.statusJ, s.Email, s.Mobile, s.HomePhone, s.WorkPhone, s.statusK, s.statusL, s.Dob)

/*** Update records that exist ***/
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET LastModifiedDate = s.LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy = s.LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy = s.LastReviewedBy, statusI = s.statusI, statusJ = s.statusJ, Email = s.Email, Mobile = s.Mobile, HomePhone = s.HomePhone, WorkPhone = s.WorkPhone, statusK = s.statusK, statusL = s.statusL, Dob = s.Dob;

END
GO

---

在默认自动提交模式下的单语句存储过程中，无需启动显式事务或指定

SET XACT\u ABORT ON

。运行时错误将回滚语句所做的任何更改，并且错误将返回到客户端，而无需额外代码

在多语句过程中（如问题中带有

EXEC

和

MERGE

的过程），显式事务将确保所有或无行为，允许您在成功时提交事务，或在发生错误时回滚。添加结构化错误处理可确保

TRY

块中的代码在错误发生后不会继续，而

CATCH

块提供了一个方便的地方来集中错误处理，通常在需要时回滚事务并重新引发错误

SET NOCOUNT ON

禁止将已完成的进程（rowcount）消息返回到不需要或不期望它们的客户端。对于ADO classic（不是ADO.NET）等需要额外编程来处理这些额外结果的API，这一点尤其重要

SET XACT_ABORT ON

确保在发生错误或客户端超时后回滚事务。当发生客户端超时时，客户端API向停止执行查询发送取消请求，以便在SQL Server取消批处理时不会执行后续代码（包括CATCH块）<在这种情况下，code>SET XACT_ABORT ON将立即回滚事务

下面是一个结构化错误处理示例。我没有在catch块中包含calling

dbo.usp\u get\u error\u info

，因为我不知道它的作用<代码>抛出将重新引发原始错误

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[UspSdtSync]
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON; --suppress row count messages if not needed
SET XACT_ABORT ON; --ensure transaction is rolled back immediately after timeout

DECLARE                    @return_value INT
                          ,@RetCode INT
                          ,@RunID INT
                          ,@IntraDayID INT;

SET                        @RunID = NULL;  
SET                        @IntraDayID = NULL;

BEGIN TRAN;

EXEC                       @return_value = [DST].[SD].[STG].[API_GenerateTempView]
                           @SchemaName = N'TEST_A',
                           @ViewName = N'vw_TEST_KB_CGSE',
                           @ColumnList = N'statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob',
                           @OrderByList = NULL,
                           @ResultSet = 1,                           
                           @RunID = @RunID,
                           @IntraDayID = @IntraDayID,
                           @RetCode = @RetCode OUTPUT;

MERGE INTO AeoiSdtTemp AS t
USING (SELECT statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob 
FROM [DST].[SD].[TEST_KB_KTA].[vw_SDT_TEST_KB_CGSE_Temp]) AS s ON ( t.statusE = s.statusE) AND (t.statusF = s.statusF) AND (t.statusG = s.statusG) AND (t.statusH = s.statusH)

/*** Insert records directly into local KTA table ***/
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (statusE, statusF, statusG, statusH, LastModifiedDate, StatusCode, LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy, CreatedDate, statusI, statusJ, Email, Mobile, HomePhone, WorkPhone, statusK, statusL, Dob)
VALUES(s.statusE, s.statusF, s.statusG, s.statusH, s.LastModifiedDate, '11', s.LastModifiedBy, s.LastReviewedBy, GETDATE(), s.statusI, s.statusJ, s.Email, s.Mobile, s.HomePhone, s.WorkPhone, s.statusK, s.statusL, s.Dob)

/*** Update records that exist ***/
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET LastModifiedDate = s.LastModifiedDate, LastModifiedBy = s.LastModifiedBy, LastReviewedBy = s.LastReviewedBy, statusI = s.statusI, statusJ = s.statusJ, Email = s.Email, Mobile = s.Mobile, HomePhone = s.HomePhone, WorkPhone = s.WorkPhone, statusK = s.statusK, statusL = s.statusL, Dob = s.Dob;

COMMIT;

END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0 ROLLBACK; --rollback transaction of needed
    THROW; --re-raise error to client
END CATCH;
GO

---

解释得很好。谢谢