未在此范围内声明？ 有一个可怕的夜晚，我对C++是新的，我不太明白我在做什么。我只问了一个问题，但我认为这会解决所有问题，任何朝着正确方向的努力都会非常感激，哪怕只是一个暗示
我想我应该在main.cpp中重新声明它们，但这会清除值。。。正确的？ [错误位于代码注释的数字运算部分“//数字运算部分”下的for循环中] 在这里之前，我几乎解决了这个问题，不幸的是，我不得不发布这个问题的全部代码 我将从我得到的错误开始--> 这是main.cpp未在此范围内声明？ 有一个可怕的夜晚，我对C++是新的，我不太明白我在做什么。我只问了一个问题，但我认为这会解决所有问题，任何朝着正确方向的努力都会非常感激，哪怕只是一个暗示,c++,class,scope,C++,Class,Scope,我想我应该在main.cpp中重新声明它们，但这会清除值。。。正确的？ [错误位于代码注释的数字运算部分“//数字运算部分”下的for循环中] 在这里之前，我几乎解决了这个问题，不幸的是，我不得不发布这个问题的全部代码 我将从我得到的错误开始--> 这是main.cpp #include "complex.h" #include "complex-functions.cpp" main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int here; int a
#include "complex.h"
#include "complex-functions.cpp"
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int here;
int amountComplex, mRoot, nPower, form, i, j;
double tempRealorMag, tempImagorPhase, userInput1, userInput2;
COMPLEX::complex secondnumber, atemp, stemp, mtemp, dtemp, ptemp, rtemp, ctemp;
FILE *inputf; //Pointer to the input filepath
FILE *outputf; //Pointer to the output filepath
switch (argc)
{
case 2:
fprintf( stderr,"Error: Please also provide an output filename\n");
return(1);
case 3:
break; // have input file and output file; all is OK
default:
fprintf( stderr,"Error: Please provide input and output filenames respectively as command line arguments\n");
return(1);
}
if((inputf=fopen(argv[1],"r"))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Error opening input file file. Check permissions.\n");
return(1);
}
if((outputf=fopen(argv[2],"w"))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Error opening output file. Check permissions.\n");
return(1);
}
// read the first four numbers from the text file
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &amountComplex);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &form);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &nPower);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &mRoot);
if (form != 1, 0)
{
cout <<"Number must be in Cartesian or Polar format ONLY\n";
return(1);
}
if (amountComplex <= 0)
{
cout <<"Number of complex computations must be above zero.\n";
return (1);
}
COMPLEX:: complex myCarray[amountComplex];
// reads the numbers and puts them into an array; closes inputfile
for (i = 0; i < amountComplex; i++)
{
fscanf(inputf, "%lf", &tempRealorMag);
fscanf(inputf, "%lf", &tempImagorPhase);
myCarray[i].real = tempRealorMag;
myCarray[i].imaginary = tempImagorPhase;
}
fclose(inputf);
// enters the second the number to be added, can be in
// cartesian (0) or polar (1) formats
// cartesian format
if (form == 0)
{
cout << "\nEnter real part of your number: ";
cin >> userInput1;
cout << "\nEnter imaginary part of your number" ;
cin >> userInput2;
secondnumber.real = userInput1;
secondnumber.imaginary = userInput2;
}
// polar format
if (form == 1)
{
cout <<"\nEnter Magnitude of your number: ";
cin >> userInput1;
cout <<"\nEnter Phase of your number: ";
cin >> userInput2;
secondnumber.real = userInput1;
secondnumber.imaginary = userInput2;
}
// writes results
// cartesian format
if(form == 0)
{
fprintf(outputf, "This will be in Cartesian format, the order of results are:\n"
"Real part\nImaginary part\nMagnitude\nPhase\nPower\nRoot\nConjugate\n"
"Addition\n"Subtraction\nMultiplication\nDivision\n\n");
}
// polar format
if(form == 1)
{
fprintf(outputf, "This will be in Polar format, the order of results are:\n"
"Real part\nImaginary part\nMagnitude\nPhase\nPower\nRoot\nConjugate\n"
"Addition\nSubtraction\nMultiplication\nDivision\n\n");
}
// number crunching part of code
for(j = 0; j < amountComplex; j++)
{
// Real part, Imaginary part, Magnitude, Phase, Power, Root,
// and Conjugate of complex number input array
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getReal(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getImaginary(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getMagnitude(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getPhase(myCarray[j], form));
ptemp = getPower(nPower, myCarray[j], form);
rtemp = getRoot(mRoot, myCarray[j], form);
ctemp = getConjugate(myCarray[j]);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", ptemp.real, ptemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", rtemp.real, rtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", ctemp.real, ctemp.imaginary);
// Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division with Second Number entered by user
atemp = add(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
stemp = subtract(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
mtemp = multiply(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
dtemp = divide(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", atemp.real, atemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", stemp.real, stemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", mtemp.real, mtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", dtemp.real, dtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "\n\tNext Complex Number");
}
fclose(outputf);
} //end of main function
您正在调用的函数是类函数，位于
类复合体中。您需要通过该类的实例调用它们，或者（如果它们是静态
函数）通过限定名称空间来调用它们：COMPLEX:：getReal
如果要使用COMPLEX:：getReal
调用它们，则需要将它们声明为静态
——此时它们将无法访问成员数据。调用的函数是类函数，位于类COMPLEX
中。您需要通过该类的实例调用它们，或者（如果它们是静态
函数）通过限定名称空间来调用它们：COMPLEX:：getReal
如果要使用COMPLEX:：getReal
调用它们，则需要将它们声明为static
——此时它们将无法访问成员数据。您的类定义是多余的：COMPLEX不应该是类，而应该是命名空间。如果以这种方式更改complex.h，代码将编译（带有一些警告…）
您的类定义是多余的：COMPLEX不应该是一个类，而应该是一个名称空间。如果以这种方式更改complex.h，代码将编译（带有一些警告…）
您不必发布整个代码-一个简单的示例会更有帮助。在第157行的getReal
之前添加COMPLEX:：
怎么样？然后，您可能必须在定义getReal
的地方添加static
关键字。您肯定是对的，但我不知道我是否把事情搞砸了，我想我对这件事感到厌倦和沮丧xD抱歉@Kyss Tao当我这样做时，我会得到这样的错误：不能在没有对象的情况下调用成员函数'COMPLEX:：COMPLEX:：add（COMPLEX:：COMPLEX，COMPLEX:：COMPLEX，int）
类的用途是什么？它仅仅是为了聚合函数而不存在它的实例吗？如果是这样的话，它的所有成员函数都应该是静态的。我以前从未上过课。我如何使它们静止？只需在类的每个成员之前添加static
？您不必发布整个代码-一个最简单的示例会更有帮助。在第157行中添加COMPLEX:：
在getReal
之前如何？然后，您可能必须在定义getReal
的地方添加static
关键字。您肯定是对的，但我不知道我是否把事情搞砸了，我想我对这件事感到厌倦和沮丧xD抱歉@Kyss Tao当我这样做时，我会得到这样的错误：不能在没有对象的情况下调用成员函数'COMPLEX:：COMPLEX:：add（COMPLEX:：COMPLEX，COMPLEX:：COMPLEX，int）
类的用途是什么？它仅仅是为了聚合函数而不存在它的实例吗？如果是这样的话，它的所有成员函数都应该是静态的。我以前从未上过课。我如何使它们静止？在类的每个成员前面加上static
？如果我明白你的意思，我可以在类中加上for循环，然后从主函数调用该类？只需添加单词static
：double getReal（复数n，int形式）变成静态双getReal（复数n，int形式）定义也是一样（你用大括号的地方）嘿，我想我明白了：D谢谢你：DSo如果我明白你的意思，我可以把for循环放在类中，然后从主函数调用类？只需添加单词static
：double-getReal（复数n，int-form）变成静态双getReal（复数n，int形式）定义也是一样（你用大括号的地方）嘿，我想我明白了：D非常感谢：D你完全正确。然而，有人告诉我，我必须使用类来实现这一点。尽管这是多余的，我必须这样做。然后你应该改变你的设计：一个类是要实现的，而不仅仅是声明一些你完全正确的东西。然而，有人告诉我，我必须使用类来实现这一点。尽管这是多余的，但我必须这样做。然后你应该改变你的设计：类是用来实现的，而不仅仅是声明一些东西
#include "complex.h"
#include "complex-functions.cpp"
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int here;
int amountComplex, mRoot, nPower, form, i, j;
double tempRealorMag, tempImagorPhase, userInput1, userInput2;
COMPLEX::complex secondnumber, atemp, stemp, mtemp, dtemp, ptemp, rtemp, ctemp;
FILE *inputf; //Pointer to the input filepath
FILE *outputf; //Pointer to the output filepath
switch (argc)
{
case 2:
fprintf( stderr,"Error: Please also provide an output filename\n");
return(1);
case 3:
break; // have input file and output file; all is OK
default:
fprintf( stderr,"Error: Please provide input and output filenames respectively as command line arguments\n");
return(1);
}
if((inputf=fopen(argv[1],"r"))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Error opening input file file. Check permissions.\n");
return(1);
}
if((outputf=fopen(argv[2],"w"))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Error opening output file. Check permissions.\n");
return(1);
}
// read the first four numbers from the text file
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &amountComplex);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &form);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &nPower);
fscanf(inputf, "%d", &mRoot);
if (form != 1, 0)
{
cout <<"Number must be in Cartesian or Polar format ONLY\n";
return(1);
}
if (amountComplex <= 0)
{
cout <<"Number of complex computations must be above zero.\n";
return (1);
}
COMPLEX:: complex myCarray[amountComplex];
// reads the numbers and puts them into an array; closes inputfile
for (i = 0; i < amountComplex; i++)
{
fscanf(inputf, "%lf", &tempRealorMag);
fscanf(inputf, "%lf", &tempImagorPhase);
myCarray[i].real = tempRealorMag;
myCarray[i].imaginary = tempImagorPhase;
}
fclose(inputf);
// enters the second the number to be added, can be in
// cartesian (0) or polar (1) formats
// cartesian format
if (form == 0)
{
cout << "\nEnter real part of your number: ";
cin >> userInput1;
cout << "\nEnter imaginary part of your number" ;
cin >> userInput2;
secondnumber.real = userInput1;
secondnumber.imaginary = userInput2;
}
// polar format
if (form == 1)
{
cout <<"\nEnter Magnitude of your number: ";
cin >> userInput1;
cout <<"\nEnter Phase of your number: ";
cin >> userInput2;
secondnumber.real = userInput1;
secondnumber.imaginary = userInput2;
}
// writes results
// cartesian format
if(form == 0)
{
fprintf(outputf, "This will be in Cartesian format, the order of results are:\n"
"Real part\nImaginary part\nMagnitude\nPhase\nPower\nRoot\nConjugate\n"
"Addition\n"Subtraction\nMultiplication\nDivision\n\n");
}
// polar format
if(form == 1)
{
fprintf(outputf, "This will be in Polar format, the order of results are:\n"
"Real part\nImaginary part\nMagnitude\nPhase\nPower\nRoot\nConjugate\n"
"Addition\nSubtraction\nMultiplication\nDivision\n\n");
}
// number crunching part of code
for(j = 0; j < amountComplex; j++)
{
// Real part, Imaginary part, Magnitude, Phase, Power, Root,
// and Conjugate of complex number input array
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getReal(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getImaginary(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getMagnitude(myCarray[j], form));
fprintf(outputf, "%lf\n", getPhase(myCarray[j], form));
ptemp = getPower(nPower, myCarray[j], form);
rtemp = getRoot(mRoot, myCarray[j], form);
ctemp = getConjugate(myCarray[j]);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", ptemp.real, ptemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", rtemp.real, rtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", ctemp.real, ctemp.imaginary);
// Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division with Second Number entered by user
atemp = add(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
stemp = subtract(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
mtemp = multiply(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
dtemp = divide(myCarray[j], secondnumber, form);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", atemp.real, atemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", stemp.real, stemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", mtemp.real, mtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "%lf %lf \n", dtemp.real, dtemp.imaginary);
fprintf(outputf, "\n\tNext Complex Number");
}
fclose(outputf);
} //end of main function
#ifndef COMPLEX_H
#define COMPLEX_H
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
class COMPLEX
{
public:
typedef struct{
double real;
double imaginary;
}complex;
double getReal(complex n, int form );
double getImaginary(complex n, int form);
double getMagnitude(complex n, int form);
double getPhase(complex n, int form);
complex add(complex n, complex m, int form);
complex subtract(complex n, complex m, int form);
complex multiply(complex n, complex m, int form);
complex divide(complex n, complex m, int form);
complex getConjugate(complex n);
complex getPower(int npower, complex n, int form);
complex getRoot(int mroot, complex n, int form);
complex changeToCart(complex n);
complex changeToPolar(complex n);
};
#endif`
FUNCTION FILE-->
`
#include "complex.h"
//returns the real part of the complex number
double COMPLEX :: getReal(complex n, int form)
{
if(form == 0)
return(n.real);
if(form == 1)
{
complex temp = changeToCart(n);
return(temp.real);
}
}
//returns the imaginary part of the complex number
double COMPLEX :: getImaginary(complex n, int form)
{
if(form == 0)
return(n.imaginary);
if(form == 1)
return((n.real * sin(n.imaginary)));
}
//returns the magnitude of the complex number
double COMPLEX :: getMagnitude(complex n, int form)
{
if(form == 0)
{
float x = n.real;
float y = n.imaginary;
return(sqrt((x * x + y * y)));
}
if(form == 1)
return(n.real);
}
//returns the phase of the complex number
double COMPLEX :: getPhase(complex n, int form)
{
if(form == 0)
{
float x = n.real;
float y = n.imaginary;
return(atan2(y,x));
}
if(form == 1)
{
return(n.imaginary);
}
}
//adds two complex numbers together
COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::add(COMPLEX::complex n, COMPLEX::complex m, int form)
{
complex temp, temp2, temp3;
if(form == 0)
{
temp.real = n.real + m.real;
temp.imaginary = n.imaginary + m.imaginary;
return(temp);
}
if(form == 1)
{
temp3.real = (n.real*cos(n.imaginary) + m.real*cos(m.imaginary));
temp3.imaginary = (n.real*sin(n.imaginary) + m.real*sin(m.imaginary));
temp2.real = getMagnitude(temp3, 0);
temp2.imaginary = getPhase(temp3, 0);
return(temp2);
}
}
//subtracts one complex number from another
COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::subtract(COMPLEX::complex n, COMPLEX::complex m, int form)
{
complex temp, temp2;
if(form == 0)
{
temp.real = n.real - m.real;
temp.imaginary = n.imaginary - m.imaginary;
return(temp);
}
if(form == 1)
{
temp.real = (n.real*cos(n.imaginary) - m.real*cos(m.imaginary));
temp.imaginary = (n.real*sin(n.imaginary) - m.real*sin(m.imaginary));
temp2.real = getMagnitude(temp, 0);
temp2.imaginary = getPhase(temp, 0);
return(temp2);
}
}
//multiplies two complex together
COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::multiply(COMPLEX::complex n, COMPLEX::complex m, int form)
{
complex temp;
if(form == 0)
{
float r1 = getMagnitude(n, 0);
float r2 = getMagnitude(m, 0);
float ang1 = getPhase(n, 0);
float ang2 = getPhase(m, 0);
float r3 = r1 * r2;
if(r3 == 0)
{
temp.real = 0.0;
temp.imaginary = 0.0;
return(temp);
}
else
{
float ang3 = ang1 + ang2;
temp.real = r3*cos(ang3);
temp.imaginary = r3*sin(ang3);
return(temp);
}
}
if(form == 1)
{
if(n.real == 0 || m.real == 0)
{
temp.real = 0.0;
temp.real = 0.0;
return(temp);
}
else
{
temp.real = n.real * m.real;
temp.imaginary = n.imaginary + m.imaginary;
return(temp);
}
}
}
//divides one complex number by another
COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::divide(COMPLEX::complex n, COMPLEX::complex m, int form)
{
complex temp;
if(form == 0)
{
if(getMagnitude(m, form) != 0)
{
float r1 = getMagnitude(n, 0);
float r2 = getMagnitude(m, 0);
float ang1 = getPhase(n, 0);
float ang2 = getPhase(m, 0);
float r3 = r1 / r2;
float ang3 = ang1 - ang2;
temp.real = r3*cos(ang3);
temp.imaginary = r3*sin(ang3);
return(temp);
}
}
else
{
cout <<"Sorry, you can't divide by zero, instead, both parts will be shown as -1.337.\n";
temp.real = -1.337;
temp.imaginary = -1.337;
return(temp);
}
if(form == 1)
{
if(m.real =! 0)
{
temp.real = n.real/m.real;
temp.imaginary = n.imaginary - m.imaginary;
return(temp);
}
}
else
{
cout << "Sorry, but you can't divide by zero, instead, both parts will be shown as -1.337.\n";
temp.real = -1.337;
temp.imaginary = -1.337;
return(temp);
}
}
//takes the nth power of a complex number
COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::getPower(int npower, COMPLEX::complex n, int form)
{
complex temp;
if(form == 0)
{
float r1 = getMagnitude(n, 0);
float ang1 = getPhase(n, 0);
float r2 = pow(r1, npower);
float ang2 = npower * ang1;
temp.real = r2*cos(ang2);
temp.imaginary = r2*sin(ang2);
return(temp);
}
if(form == 1)
{
temp.real = pow(n.real, npower);
temp.imaginary = npower * n.imaginary;
return(temp);
}
}
//takes the mth root of a complex number
COMPLEX :: complex COMPLEX::getRoot(int mroot, COMPLEX::complex n, int form)
{
complex temp;
if(form == 0)
{
float r1 = getMagnitude(n,0);
float ang1 = getPhase(n,0);
float r2 = pow(r1, 1.0/mroot);
float ang2 = ang1/mroot;
temp.real = r2*cos(ang2);
temp.imaginary = r2*sin(ang2);
return(temp);
}
if(form == 1)
{
temp.real = pow(n.real, 1.0/mroot);
temp.imaginary = n.imaginary/mroot;
return(temp);
}
}
//returns the conjugate of a complex number
COMPLEX :: complex COMPLEX::getConjugate(COMPLEX::complex n)
{
float iman = n.imaginary * -1;
complex temp = {n.real, iman };
return(temp);
}
//changes a complex number to cartesian form
COMPLEX :: complex COMPLEX::changeToCart(COMPLEX::complex n)
{
float rtemp = n.real;
float ptemp = n.imaginary;
float realtemp = rtemp * cos(ptemp);
float imantemp = rtemp * sin(ptemp);
complex temp = {realtemp, imantemp};
return(temp);
}
//changes a complex number to polar form
COMPLEX :: complex COMPLEX::changeToPolar(COMPLEX::complex n)
{
complex temp;
temp.real = getMagnitude(n, 0);
temp.imaginary = getPhase(n, 0);
return(temp);
}
error: cannot call member function ‘COMPLEX::complex COMPLEX::add(COMPLEX::complex, COMPLEX::complex, int)’ without object
namespace COMPLEX
{
typedef struct{
double real;
double imaginary;
}complex;
....
}