C++ C++;原型与动载荷

C++ C++;原型与动载荷,c++,C++,你对我的代码有什么看法 #ifndef PROTOTYPE_H #define PROTOTYPE_H #include <map> // ============================================= class prototype { public: prototype(); ~prototype(); virtual prototype* clone(prototype* ) = 0; virtual void initialize(c

你对我的代码有什么看法

#ifndef PROTOTYPE_H
#define PROTOTYPE_H

#include <map>

// =============================================
class prototype
{
public:
 prototype();
 ~prototype();

 virtual prototype* clone(prototype* ) = 0;
 virtual void initialize(const bool&, const int&, 
  const std::string& ) = 0;

 virtual bool getHasTurbo() const = 0 ;
 virtual int getCapacity()  const = 0;
 virtual const std::string& getCategory() const = 0;

 virtual void display() const = 0;
};
// =============================================
#endif

#include "Prototype.h"

// =============================================
prototype::prototype()
{
}
// =============================================
prototype::~prototype()
{
}

#ifndef VEHICLE_PROTOTYPE_H
#define VEHICLE_PROTOTYPE_H

#include "Prototype.h"
#include <string>


// ==============================================
class vehiclePrototype : public prototype
{
public:
 vehiclePrototype();
 vehiclePrototype(const bool&, const int&, 
  const std::string&);

 vehiclePrototype(prototype* );
 ~vehiclePrototype();

 prototype* clone(prototype* );
 void initialize(const bool&, const int&, 
  const std::string& );

 bool getHasTurbo() const;
 int getCapacity() const;
 const std::string& getCategory() const;

 void display() const ;
private:
 int capacity;
 bool hasTurbo;

 std::string category;



};
// =============================================
#endif

#include "VehiclePrototype.h"

#include <iostream>

// =============================================
vehiclePrototype::vehiclePrototype() 
 : capacity(0), hasTurbo(bool() ), 
 category(std::string() ) 
{
}
// =============================================
vehiclePrototype::vehiclePrototype(const bool& userHasTurbo, 
  const int& userCapacity, 
  const std::string& userCategory)
{
 hasTurbo = userHasTurbo;
 capacity = userCapacity;

 category = userCategory;
}
// ============================================
vehiclePrototype::vehiclePrototype(prototype* rhs)
{
 hasTurbo = rhs->getHasTurbo();
 capacity = rhs->getCapacity();
 category = rhs->getCategory();  
}
// ============================================
vehiclePrototype::~vehiclePrototype() 
{
}
// =============================================
prototype* vehiclePrototype::clone(prototype* myPrototype)
{
 return new vehiclePrototype(myPrototype); 
}
// =============================================
void vehiclePrototype::initialize(const bool& userHasTurbo, 
        const int& userCapacity, 
        const std::string& userCategory)
{
 hasTurbo = userHasTurbo;
 capacity = userCapacity;

 category.assign(userCategory);
}
// =============================================
bool vehiclePrototype::getHasTurbo() const
{
 return hasTurbo;
} 
// =============================================
int vehiclePrototype::getCapacity() const
{
 return capacity;
}
// =============================================
const std::string& vehiclePrototype::getCategory() const
{
 return category;
}
// =============================================
void vehiclePrototype::display() const
{
 std::cout << std::boolalpha 
  << "Car Specification\n" 
  << "Vehicle Category Type : " << getCategory() << "\n"
  << "Vehicle Capacity : " << getCapacity() << "\n"
  << "Vehicle Turbo : " << getHasTurbo() << "\n";
}
// =============================================


#ifndef PROTOTYPE_MANAGER_H
#define PROTOTYPE_MANAGER_H

#include <map>
#include <vector>



class prototype;

// =============================================
class prototypeManager
{
public:
 typedef std::map<int, prototype* > prototypeMap;
 typedef std::map<int, prototype* >::iterator prototypeMapIte;

 typedef std::vector<prototype*> prototypeVec;

public:
 prototypeManager();
 ~prototypeManager();

 prototype* createVehicle(int, const bool&, 
  const int&, const std::string& );

 void populateVehicle();

 // To create a specific instance of a class
 // without coding the class
 void registerVehicle( const bool&, 
  const int&, const std::string&);
 void registerVehicle(const int&, const bool&, 
  const int&, const std::string&);
 void unRegisterVehicle(int);

private:
 static int vehicleType;

 prototypeMap registry;

 // Static Product
 // Empty Prototype
 prototype* obj;
 prototype* sedan, *superCar, *f1Car;

 // Dynamic Product
 prototypeVec cont;



};
// =============================================
#endif


#include "PrototypeManager.h"
#include "VehiclePrototype.h"

#include <iostream>

// =============================================
int prototypeManager::vehicleType = 1;
// =============================================
prototypeManager::prototypeManager()
 : registry(prototypeMap()), obj(new vehiclePrototype), 
 sedan(new vehiclePrototype(false, 1600, "B Class") ), 
 superCar(new vehiclePrototype(true, 3000, "D Class") ), 
 f1Car(new vehiclePrototype(true, 6000, "F Class") ), 
 cont(prototypeVec() )

{
 populateVehicle();
}
// =============================================
prototypeManager::~prototypeManager()
{
 delete obj;
 delete sedan;
 delete superCar;
 delete f1Car;

 obj = 0;
 sedan = 0;
 superCar = 0;
 f1Car = 0;

 for (size_t loop = 0;loop<cont.size();++loop)
 {
  delete cont[loop];
  cont[loop] = 0;
 }

}
// =============================================
prototype* prototypeManager::createVehicle(
       int uservehicleType, 
       const bool& userHasTurbo, 
       const int& userCapacity, 
       const std::string& userCategory)
{
 prototypeMapIte myIte = registry.find(uservehicleType);
 prototype* instance = 0;

 if (myIte == registry.end() )
 {
  // Register Vehicle
  registerVehicle(uservehicleType, userHasTurbo, 
   userCapacity, userCategory);

  myIte = registry.find(uservehicleType);
  prototype* temp = myIte->second;
  instance = obj->clone(temp);
  instance->initialize(userHasTurbo, userCapacity, 
  userCategory);


 }
 else
 {
  prototype* temp = myIte->second;
  instance = obj->clone(temp);
  instance->initialize(userHasTurbo, userCapacity, 
  userCategory);
 }

 std::cout << "\nClone Vehicle\n";

 return instance;
}
// =============================================
void prototypeManager::populateVehicle()
{
 registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(vehicleType, sedan) );
 ++vehicleType;

 registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(vehicleType, superCar) );
 ++vehicleType;

 registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(vehicleType, f1Car) );
 ++vehicleType; 
}
// =============================================
void prototypeManager::registerVehicle(
      const bool& userHasTurbo, 
      const int& userCapacity, 
      const std::string& userCategory)
{
 prototype* temp = new vehiclePrototype(userHasTurbo, 
  userCapacity, userCategory); 

 cont.push_back(temp);
 registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(vehicleType, temp) );
 ++vehicleType;

 std::cout << "\nRegister new Vehicle Type " 
  <<vehicleType << "\n";
}
// =============================================
void prototypeManager::registerVehicle(const int& userVehicleTpye, 
      const bool& userHasTurbo, 
      const int& userCapacity, 
      const std::string& userCategory)
{
 prototype* temp = new vehiclePrototype(userHasTurbo, 
  userCapacity, userCategory); 

 cont.push_back(temp);
 registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(userVehicleTpye, temp) );

 std::cout << "\nRegister new Vehicle Type " 
  <<userVehicleTpye << "\n";
}
// =============================================
void prototypeManager::unRegisterVehicle(int vehicleType)
{
 prototype* removePrototype = registry.find(vehicleType)->second;
 registry.erase(vehicleType);

 std::cout << "\nUnRegister Vehicle Type " 
  << vehicleType << "\n";
}
// =============================================

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#include "Prototype.h"
#include "VehiclePrototype.h"
#include "PrototypeManager.h"

// =============================================

// =============================================

// =============================================
int main()
{
 prototypeManager obj;
 prototype* myCar;

 myCar = obj.createVehicle(1, false, 1300, "B Class");
 myCar->display();

 myCar = obj.createVehicle(2, true, 3200, "D Class");
 myCar->display();

 myCar = obj.createVehicle(5, false, 2500, "E Class"); 
 myCar->display();

 obj.unRegisterVehicle(1);
 myCar = obj.createVehicle(1, false, 1600, "B Class");
 myCar->display();

 return 0;
}
\ifndef原型
#定义原型
#包括
// =============================================
类原型
{
公众:
原型();
~prototype();
虚拟原型*克隆(原型*)=0;
虚拟无效初始化(常量bool&,常量int&,
常量std::string&=0;
虚拟布尔getHasTurbo()常量=0;
虚拟int getCapacity()常量=0;
虚拟常量std::string&getCategory()常量=0;
虚空显示()常量=0;
};
// =============================================
#恩迪夫
#包括“Prototype.h”
// =============================================
prototype::prototype()
{
}
// =============================================
原型::~prototype()
{
}
#ifndef车辆原型
#定义车辆原型
#包括“Prototype.h”
#包括
// ==============================================
类别车辆原型:公共原型
{
公众:
车辆原型();
车辆原型(常量布尔和,常量整数和,
常量std::字符串&);
车辆原型(原型*);
~vehiclePrototype();
原型*克隆(原型*);
无效初始化(常量bool&,常量int&,
常量std::字符串&);
bool gethastrbo()常量;
int getCapacity()常量;
常量std::string&getCategory()常量;
void display()常量;
私人:
国际能力;
布尔哈斯图博;
std::字符串类别;
};
// =============================================
#恩迪夫
#包括“VehiclePrototype.h”
#包括
// =============================================
vehiclePrototype::vehiclePrototype()
:容量(0),hasTurbo(bool()),
类别(std::string())
{
}
// =============================================
vehiclePrototype::vehiclePrototype(const bool&userHasTurbo,
const int和userCapacity,
const std::string和userCategory)
{
hastrbo=userhastrbo;
容量=用户容量;
类别=用户类别;
}
// ============================================
车辆原型::车辆原型(原型*rhs)
{
hasTurbo=rhs->getHasTurbo();
容量=rhs->getCapacity();
category=rhs->getCategory();
}
// ============================================
vehiclePrototype::~vehiclePrototype()
{
}
// =============================================
prototype*车辆原型::克隆(prototype*myPrototype)
{
返回新车辆原型(myPrototype);
}
// =============================================
void vehiclePrototype::initialize(const bool和userhasburbo,
const int和userCapacity,
const std::string和userCategory)
{
hastrbo=userhastrbo;
容量=用户容量;
category.assign(userCategory);
}
// =============================================
bool vehiclePrototype::getHasTurbo()常量
{
返回涡轮增压器;
} 
// =============================================
int vehiclePrototype::getCapacity()常量
{
返回能力;
}
// =============================================
常量std::string&vehiclePrototype::getCategory()常量
{
退货类别;
}
// =============================================
void vehiclePrototype::display()常量
{

std::cout我没有看到任何动态加载的东西

你对我的代码有什么看法

这不是一个代码审查网站,问题和答案都是客观的,所以我只会提到代码中的几个问题。一般来说,你应该就你遇到的具体问题提问,并且只发布描述或重现问题所需的代码

我能看到的唯一错误(在简要阅读之后)是
prototype
需要一个虚拟析构函数,否则通过基类指针删除派生类的实例是无效的(就像
prototypeManager
的析构函数那样)

风格上,有一些不必要的代码。
prototype
不需要构造函数;隐式的就可以了。它确实需要一个析构函数(如上所述,是虚拟的);因为它是空的,所以没有理由不把它内联到类声明中。在初始化列表中,
category(std::string())
可以是
category()
,也可以完全省略;
hasTurbo(bool())
同样可以是
hasTurbo()
,或者
hasTurbo(false)
,如果您想显式的话。编辑:另外,在析构函数中删除指针后,不需要将其置空。这些都不是特别糟糕的(如果你不得不遵循一种死板的编码风格,这有时是必要的),但它们确实使代码更难理解

如何在C++中动态加载? 我不知道你所说的“动态加载”是什么意思,也不知道它与代码或原型模式的关系。也许如果你解释一下你想要实现什么,有人可以帮助你

我读过Gof的书,但我不理解第三个结果(第120页),即通过改变结构来指定新对象。请解释


假设你有和我相同的版本,那篇文章说你可以把简单的对象组合成复杂的复合对象,只要复合对象正确地实现了原型接口,新的对象就可以和旧的对象一起使用。关于如何做到这一点,没有太多的细节,但是复合模式可能会对于某些应用程序很有用。在您的示例中,您可以想象能够使用一些简单的组件(车轮、发动机、车门、毛绒骰子等)并将它们组合到一辆新车中;只要该车能够正确关闭,那么它就可以像现有的原型一样使用。

我将添加一个
cont.clear()
~prototypeManager
中的for循环之后
我不太喜欢当前的
createVehicle
函数。它似乎会带来灵活性问题。如果将来实现发生变化,您需要更改多少代码?也许构造函数加setter函数会是一个更好的选择。关于这一点,请看您正在研究设计模式s
prototype::prototype()
{
}
typedef std::map<int, prototype* > prototypeMap;
typedef std::map<int, prototype* >::iterator prototypeMapIte;
for (size_t loop = 0;loop<cont.size();++loop)
 {
  delete cont[loop];
  cont[loop] = 0;
 }
prototype* temp = myIte->second;
instance = obj->clone(temp);
registry.insert(prototypeMap::value_type(vehicleType, sedan) );
++vehicleType;
 std::cout << "\nRegister new Vehicle Type " <<vehicleType << "\n";
 registry.erase(vehicleType);