C++ 在比较中使用用户定义转换和隐式转换

我很难理解为什么下面的代码不允许隐式转换发生

#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct HasConversionToString {
  HasConversionToString(const string& s_) : s{s_} {}
  string s;
  operator const string&() const { return s; }
};

int main() {
  string s{"a"};
  HasConversionToString obj{"b"};
  return s < obj;
}

#包括
使用名称空间std；
结构HasConversionString{
HasConversionString（常量字符串&s_u10;）：s{s_10;}{
字符串s；
运算符常量字符串&（）常量{return s；}
};
int main（）{
字符串s{“a”}；
HasConversionToString对象{“b”}；
返回s

clang和gcc都未能找到有效的方法来比较两个对象，错误如下：

clang++ -std=c++14 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic conversion.cpp -o test
conversion.cpp:13:12: error: invalid operands to binary expression ('string' (aka 'basic_string<char>') and 'HasConversionToString')
  return s < obj;
         ~ ^ ~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_pair.h:220:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'pair' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const pair<_T1, _T2>& __x, const pair<_T1, _T2>& __y)
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:298:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'reverse_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const reverse_iterator<_Iterator>& __x,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:348:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'reverse_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const reverse_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:849:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      '__normal_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const __normal_iterator<_IteratorL, _Container>& __lhs,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:856:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      '__normal_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const __normal_iterator<_Iterator, _Container>& __lhs,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:1089:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'move_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const move_iterator<_IteratorL>& __x,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_iterator.h:1095:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'move_iterator' against 'basic_string'
    operator<(const move_iterator<_Iterator>& __x,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/basic_string.h:4989:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'basic_string<type-parameter-0-0, type-parameter-0-1, type-parameter-0-2>' against 'HasConversionToString'
    operator<(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/basic_string.h:5001:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'const _CharT *' against 'HasConversionToString'
    operator<(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs,
    ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.3.0/../../../../include/c++/5.3.0/bits/basic_string.h:5013:5: note: candidate template ignored: could not match
      'const _CharT *' against 'string' (aka 'basic_string<char>')
    operator<(const _CharT* __lhs,
    ^
1 error generated.

clang++-std=c++14-Wall-Wextra-pedantic conversion.cpp-o测试
conversion.cpp:13:12:错误：二进制表达式（'string'（也称为'basic_string'）和'hasConversionString'的操作数无效
返回s运算符您要调用的是函数模板：

template<class charT, class Traits, class Alloc>
bool operator<(std::basic_string<charT, Traits, Alloc> const& lhs,
               std::basic_string<charT, Traits, Alloc> const& rhs);

模板
布尔算子

类型演绎不考虑隐式转换（类型除外）
上面列出的调整）：这是解决过载的工作，
以后会发生
这是SFINAE的案例吗？@MtRoad这里没有替代品。有什么好办法吗？我故意使转换返回一个const&以避免不幸的意外分配。@David使标准转换工作的唯一方法是公开派生自
std:：string
，但这会带来一堆问题。因此，您必须提供自己的运算符或更改转换（例如，添加一个
const string&str（）const
成员函数）
template<class charT, class Traits, class Alloc>
bool operator<(std::basic_string<charT, Traits, Alloc> const& lhs,
               std::basic_string<charT, Traits, Alloc> const& rhs);