C# 如何使用UI自动化激活Google Chrome选项卡项

我使用C#应用程序中的代码在Google Chrome中查找选项卡：

        Process[] procsChrome = Process.GetProcessesByName("chrome");
        foreach (Process chrome in procsChrome)
        {
            // the chrome process must have a window
            if (chrome.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                continue;
            }

            AutomationElement root = AutomationElement.FromHandle(chrome.MainWindowHandle);
            /*
            Condition condNewTab = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Nueva pestaña");
            AutomationElement elmNewTab = root.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, condNewTab);
            // get the tabstrip by getting the parent of the 'new tab' button 
            TreeWalker treewalker = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker;
            AutomationElement elmTabStrip = treewalker.GetParent(elmNewTab);
             */
            // loop through all the tabs and get the names which is the page title 
            Condition condTabItem = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.TabItem);
            foreach (AutomationElement tabitem in root.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, condTabItem))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(tabitem.Current.Name);

                // I NEED TO ACTIVATE THE TAB HERE

                break;
            }

            Condition condUrl = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit);
            foreach (AutomationElement edit in root.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, condUrl))
            {
                string value = ((System.Windows.Automation.ValuePattern)edit.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern)).Current.Value;
                Console.WriteLine(value);
            }

        }

---

我需要使用UI自动化选择某些选项卡项。我该怎么做呢？

我需要解决类似的问题。由于Chrome没有完全实现Windows自动化功能，因此必须以不同的方式实现

多亏了这个GitHub，我才能够激活正确的Chrome标签。诀窍是按下

Ctrl

+

tab index

，在选项卡位置介于1和8之间时激活该选项卡（9个切换到最后一个选项卡，请参阅）。对于集合中进一步显示的选项卡，重复按Ctrl+

选项卡

，直到达到所需的选项卡

然而，这并不是那么容易，因为有时选项卡会无序地出现在UI自动化集合中。我通过为每个选项卡调用

TryGetClickablePoint

方法并根据返回点的X坐标对选项卡进行排序，解决了这个问题

bool ActivateChromeTab(string title)
{
  Process[] procsChrome = Process.GetProcessesByName("chrome");
  foreach (Process proc in procsChrome)
  {
    if (proc.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
    {
        continue;
    }
    AutomationElement root = AutomationElement.FromHandle(proc.MainWindowHandle);
    Condition condNewTab = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "New Tab");
    AutomationElement elmNewTab = root.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, condNewTab);
    TreeWalker treewalker = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker;
    AutomationElement elmTabStrip = treewalker.GetParent(elmNewTab);
    Condition condTabItem = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.TabItem);
    var index = 0;

    var tabItems = elmTabStrip.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, condTabItem);

    var coll = new List<AutomationElement>();
    foreach (AutomationElement element in tabItems)
    {
        coll.Add(element);
    }

    bool NameMatch(string name)
    {
        return name == title || name.StartsWith(title + " ");
    }

    // short-circuit the search when no searched string cannot be found
    if (!coll.Any(e => NameMatch(e.Current.Name)))
    {
        continue;
    }

    var t = new Stopwatch();
    t.Start();
    var withPoints = coll.AsParallel().Select(e =>
    {
        var point = new System.Windows.Point(int.MaxValue, int.MaxValue);
        if (e.TryGetClickablePoint(out point))
        {

        }

        return new
        {
            Name = e.Current.Name,
            Element = e,
            Point = point
        };
    }).OrderBy(e => e.Point.X);

    foreach (var tabItem in withPoints)
    {
        index++;
        var name = tabItem.Name;
        if (NameMatch(name))
        {
            SetForegroundWindow(proc.MainWindowHandle); // activate window
            Select(index); // select tab                
            return true;
        }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

bool ActivateChromeTab（字符串标题）
{
Process[]procsChrome=Process.getProcessByName（“chrome”）；
foreach（程序中的过程程序）
{
if（proc.MainWindowHandle==IntPtr.Zero）
{
继续；
}
AutomationElement根=AutomationElement.FromHandle（proc.MainWindowHandle）；
条件conditionnewtab=新属性条件（AutomationElement.NameProperty，“新选项卡”）；
AutomationElement-Elmnetab=root.FindFirst（TreeScope.子孙，condnetab）；
TreeWalker TreeWalker=TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker；
AutomationElement elmTabStrip=treewalker.GetParent（elmnetab）；
Condition Condition TabItem=新属性Condition（AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty，ControlType.TabItem）；
var指数=0；
var tabItems=elmTabStrip.FindAll（TreeScope.Children，condTabItem）；
var coll=新列表类）
[DllImport（“user32.dll”）]
私有静态外部无效keybd_事件（字节bVk、字节bScan、int-dwFlags、int-dwExtraInfo）

公共静态字节GetKeyNumber（整数）
{
如果（数字<0 | |数字>9）
抛出新的ApplicationException（“按键无效”）；
返回（字节）（0x30+数字）；
}
公共静态void KeyDown（字节vKey）
{
keybd_事件（vKey，0，KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY，0）；
}
公共静态void KeyUp（字节vKey）
{
keybd_事件（vKey，0，KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY，KEYEVENTF_KEYUP，0）；
}
公共静态无效按键（字节vKey）
{
KeyDown（vKey）；
KeyUp（vKey）；
}
公共静态字节LCtrl=0xA2；//VK\u LCONTROL
公共静态字节LWin=0x5B；//VK_LWin
公共静态字节LAlt=0xA4；//VK\u LMENU
公共静态字节Tab=0x09；//VK_Tab
private const int KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY=1；
private const int keyevent fu KEYUP=2；
对于那些仍在寻找答案的绝望的灵魂。以下是我的方法，完全基于UI Automation API，没有聚焦窗口和发送单击事件或热键。要使用下面的代码，您需要使用UIAutomationCore.dll的互操作参考，如所述

您需要记住的唯一一件事是，搜索最小化的Chrome窗口的选项卡是不可能的

public void Select(int tabIndex)
{
  const int maxShortcutNumber = 8;

  if (tabIndex <= 0) { return; }

  KeyDown(LCtrl);

  if (tabIndex <= maxShortcutNumber)
  {
    KeyPress(GetKeyNumber(tabIndex));
  }
  else
  {
    KeyPress(GetKeyNumber(maxShortcutNumber));

    for (var i = 0; i < tabIndex - maxShortcutNumber; i++)
    {
        i.Dump();
        const int timeToDigestPreviousKeyPress = 75;
        Thread.Sleep(timeToDigestPreviousKeyPress);
        KeyPress(Tab);
    }
  }
  KeyUp(LCtrl);
}

public static byte GetKeyNumber(int number)
{
    if (number < 0 || number > 9)
        throw new ApplicationException("Invalid number for key press.");

    return (byte)(0x30 + number);
}

public static void KeyDown(byte vKey)
{
    keybd_event(vKey, 0, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, 0);
}

public static void KeyUp(byte vKey)
{
    keybd_event(vKey, 0, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY | KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0);
}

public static void KeyPress(byte vKey)
{
    KeyDown(vKey);
    KeyUp(vKey);
}

public static byte LCtrl = 0xA2; //VK_LCONTROL
public static byte LWin = 0x5B; //VK_LWIN
public static byte LAlt = 0xA4; //VK_LMENU
public static byte Tab = 0x09; //VK_TAB
private const int KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 1;
private const int KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2;

    Process[] allChromeProcesses = Process.GetProcessesByName("chrome");
    Process[] mainChromes = allChromeProcesses.Where(p => !String.IsNullOrEmpty(p.MainWindowTitle)).ToArray();
    //...
    //Here you need to check if you have found correct chrome instance
    //...
    var uiaClassObject = new CUIAutomation();

    IUIAutomationElement chromeMainUIAElement = uiaClassObject.ElementFromHandle(mainChromes[0].MainWindowHandle);
    //UIA_ControlTypePropertyId =30003, UIA_TabItemControlTypeId = 50019
    IUIAutomationCondition chromeTabCondition = uiaClassObject.CreatePropertyCondition(30003, 50019); 
    var chromeTabCollection = chromeMainUIAElement.FindAll(TreeScope.TreeScope_Descendants, chromeTabCondition);
    //UIA_LegacyIAccessiblePatternId = 10018, 0 -> Number of Chrome tab you want to activate
    var lp = chromeTabCollection.GetElement(0).GetCurrentPattern(10018) as IUIAutomationLegacyIAccessiblePattern;
    lp.DoDefaultAction();