C# 如何在运行时从现有数据模型中的数据构建自定义的动态ViewModel？

因此，我正在开发一个web应用程序，遇到了一个新的挑战，我已经坚持了几个星期。我将提供有关我的应用程序和数据模型的背景信息，以及期望的最终结果

问题的基本应用程序信息和上下文： 我的应用程序旨在作为一种工具，供景观承包商使用，以帮助管理其业务运营。我的应用程序将提供一个地方，他们可以创建一个帐户，然后输入他们的所有客户信息（“客户”数据模型），以及他们为每个客户所做工作的信息（“工作”数据模型）。客户机和作业之间存在一对多关系（一个客户机可以有多个作业，但任何给定作业只能有一个客户机）

背景： 我有两个简单的数据模型，“客户”和“工作”。我的应用程序正在ASP.net MVC3框架中构建。使用实体框架脚手架机制，我为每个数据模型（创建、读取、更新、删除）创建了基本CRUD视图。这在很大程度上是很好的（我可以创建新的客户和工作，并且可以很容易地编辑现有的客户和工作）

业务问题： 我需要允许在我的应用程序中批量创建新工作。我希望我的用户（景观承包商）能够输入他们当天完成的所有割草作业。因此，我想让我的视图为这个过程填充一个包含所有活动客户端的表，每个活动客户端在行旁边都有一个复选框。然后，我希望用户能够选中他们为每个客户做了新工作（修剪草坪）的复选框，并提交表单（输入jobs done），其中的结果将是为每个客户创建新的工作

技术问题： 我的最佳猜测是，我需要在控制器中创建一个自定义ViewModel并将其发送到视图，其中ViewModel是基于当前活动客户端创建的新作业列表。然后在视图中，复选框可以将Client_ID（客户端的唯一标识符）作为其值（这将是ViewModel的一部分。当用户提交表单时，视图会将ViewModel传递回控制器。然后控制器可以浏览ViewModel作业列表，并为选中复选框的每个ViewModel作业创建新作业

因此，我的问题是-如何使用控制器执行以下操作： 1.）基于客户机列表（“客户机”数据模型）中的数据，在运行时构建ViewModel作业列表？ 2.）然后如何将其传递给视图？ 3.）一旦返回控制器，我如何迭代列表并相应地修改其他数据模型（创建新的“作业”项）

我创建了自定义ViewModel，其中包含构建新作业条目所需的客户机和作业属性（客户机名称、客户机地址、客户机id、作业说明、班组、班组大小、工作时间、指示完成的复选框等）。假设用户有50个客户端，他为这些客户端修剪草坪。我想构建一个包含50行的ViewModel（表示可能会修剪草坪的每个客户机）。然后我想把它发送到视图，并用复选框显示它，这些复选框指示草坪是否被修剪。当模型返回到视图时，控制器将在复选框中获取带有复选框的行，并在该表中创建新的“作业”行

提前感谢你们提供的任何帮助，我知道这对你们中的许多人来说可能是一个简单的过程。我不熟悉C#和MVC3

更新： 这是我的密码-

工作模式

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace LawnTracker.Models
{
    public class Job
    {
        [Key]
        public int Job_ID { get; set; }
        public int Client_ID { get; set; }
        public int Account_ID { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Location { get; set; }
        public string Notes { get; set; }
        public string SvcRoute { get; set; }
        public string Service { get; set; }
        public string Date { get; set; }
        public double SvcPriceOverride { get; set; }
        public float SvcQty { get; set; }
        public string UofM { get; set; }
        public bool Invoiced { get; set; }
        public string Crew { get; set; }
        public int TechCount { get; set; }
        public string TimeStart { get; set; }
        public string TimeFinish { get; set; }
        public double TimeSpent { get; set; }
        public string Image1 { get; set; }
        public string Image2 { get; set; }
        public string Image3 { get; set; }
        public double MulchUsed { get; set; }
        public double FertUsed { get; set; }
        public double HerbUsed { get; set; }
        public string NextDue { get; set; }

    }


}

我的割草作业视图模型-

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace LawnTracker.Models
{
    public class MowingJobViewModel
    {
        public int Client_ID { get; set; }

        public bool Completed { get; set; }

        public string Name { get; set; }

        public string Street { get; set; }

        public string City { get; set; }

        public double SvcPriceOverride { get; set; }

        public string UofM { get; set; }

        public int SvcQty { get; set; }

        public string Notes { get; set; }

        public string Date { get; set; }

        public string Crew { get; set; }

        public int TechCount { get; set; }

        public string SvcRoute { get; set; }

        public string Schedule { get; set; }
    }
}

 // GET: /Job/CreateMowing

        public ActionResult CreateMowing(string route = "", string sched = "")
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem()
            {
                Value = "Lump Sum",
                Text = "Lump Sum"
            });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem()
            {
                Value = "Hours",
                Text = "Hours"
            });


            ViewBag.Units = new SelectList(listItems, "Value", "Text");
            ViewBag.Routes = db.Clients.Select(r => r.SvcRoute).Distinct();
            ViewBag.Sched = db.Clients.Select(r => r.MowSched).Distinct();

            var model = from r in db.Clients
                        orderby r.SvcRoute
                        where (r.Mowing == true) &&
                        (r.Status == "Active") &&
                        (r.SvcRoute == route || (route == "")) &&
                        (r.MowSched == sched || (sched == "")) 
                        select r;
            if (model.Count() > 0)
            {
                ViewBag.total = model.Select(r => r.MowPrice).Sum();
            }
            else
            {
                ViewBag.total = 0.00;
            }

           /* Build a list of MowingJobViewModel objects based on the above defined list of clients
            * who are subscribed to mowing and active. This will enable batch entry for new jobs done.
            * This list of MowingJobViewModel objects will be sent to the client after a HTTP GET
            * request for the CreateMowing view.  The user will be able to check boxes associated
            * with each client in the client list.  When the form is submitted, the controller
            * receives the model back with the updated information (completed, notes, etc.) about
            * each job.  Then the controller must update the jobs table, adding the new jobs based on 
            * the view model returned from the view / client.
            * 
            */

            //Create a new list of MowingJobViewModel objects
             IEnumerable<MowingJobViewModel> mjList = new List<MowingJobViewModel>();

            //iterate through the list of clients built from earlier (in model)...
             foreach (var item in model)
             {  
             //create new MowingJobViewModel object MJ and add it to the list
             mjList.Add(new MowingJobViewModel()
             {
               Client_ID = item.Client_ID,
               Completed = false,
               Name = (item.FirstName + " " + item.LastName),
               Street = item.Address1,
               City = item.City,
               SvcPriceOverride = item.MowPrice,
               UofM = "Lump Sum",
               SvcQty = 1,
               Notes = "",
               Date = "",
               Crew = "",
               TechCount = 2,
               SvcRoute = item.SvcRoute,
               Schedule = item.MowSched,
              });

             }

             return View(mjList);

             }

**I don't have my view ("CreateMowing.cshtml") worked out correctly, but here is what I have-**

@model IEnumerable<LawnTracker.Models.MowingJobViewModel>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Enter Mowing Jobs";
}

<h2>Enter Mowing Jobs</h2>

<div style="float: left; clear:both; width: 100%;">
    <b>Total Jobs: @Html.Encode(Model.Count())</b><br />
    <b>Total Revenue: $@Html.Encode(ViewBag.total)</b><br /><br />
</div>
<p></p>

<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>

<div style="float: right; clear:both; width: 100%;">
     @using (Html.BeginForm("CreateMowing", "Job", FormMethod.Get)) 
    {
    <table>
    <tr>
        <th></th>

        <th>
            Route
        </th>

        <th>Schedule</th>
        <th></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>
            Show:
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DropDownList("route", new SelectList(ViewBag.Routes), "--ALL--")            
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DropDownList("sched", new SelectList(ViewBag.Sched), "--ALL--")
        </td>
        <td>            
            <input type="submit" value="Filter" />
        </td>
    </tr>
</table><br /><br />

    }
</div>

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            Completed
        </th>
        <th>
            First Name
        </th>
        <th>
            Last Name
        </th>
        <th>
            Street
        </th>

        <th>
            City
        </th>

        <th>
            Service Route
        </th>
        <th>
            Price
        </th>

        <th>
            Units
        </th>

        <th>
            Qty
        </th>
        <th>
            Notes
        </th>

        <th>
            Schedule
        </th>

    </tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    <tr>
        <td>
            <input type="checkbox" name="invoiced" value="@item.Client_ID" >
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.FirstName)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.LastName)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Address1)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.City)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.SvcRoute)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.MowPrice)
        </td>

        <td>

        </td>

        <td>

        </td>
        <td>

        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.MowSched)
        </td>

     </tr>
}

</table>


<div>
    <br />
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

和我的JobController-

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace LawnTracker.Models
{
    public class MowingJobViewModel
    {
        public int Client_ID { get; set; }

        public bool Completed { get; set; }

        public string Name { get; set; }

        public string Street { get; set; }

        public string City { get; set; }

        public double SvcPriceOverride { get; set; }

        public string UofM { get; set; }

        public int SvcQty { get; set; }

        public string Notes { get; set; }

        public string Date { get; set; }

        public string Crew { get; set; }

        public int TechCount { get; set; }

        public string SvcRoute { get; set; }

        public string Schedule { get; set; }
    }
}

 // GET: /Job/CreateMowing

        public ActionResult CreateMowing(string route = "", string sched = "")
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem()
            {
                Value = "Lump Sum",
                Text = "Lump Sum"
            });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem()
            {
                Value = "Hours",
                Text = "Hours"
            });


            ViewBag.Units = new SelectList(listItems, "Value", "Text");
            ViewBag.Routes = db.Clients.Select(r => r.SvcRoute).Distinct();
            ViewBag.Sched = db.Clients.Select(r => r.MowSched).Distinct();

            var model = from r in db.Clients
                        orderby r.SvcRoute
                        where (r.Mowing == true) &&
                        (r.Status == "Active") &&
                        (r.SvcRoute == route || (route == "")) &&
                        (r.MowSched == sched || (sched == "")) 
                        select r;
            if (model.Count() > 0)
            {
                ViewBag.total = model.Select(r => r.MowPrice).Sum();
            }
            else
            {
                ViewBag.total = 0.00;
            }

           /* Build a list of MowingJobViewModel objects based on the above defined list of clients
            * who are subscribed to mowing and active. This will enable batch entry for new jobs done.
            * This list of MowingJobViewModel objects will be sent to the client after a HTTP GET
            * request for the CreateMowing view.  The user will be able to check boxes associated
            * with each client in the client list.  When the form is submitted, the controller
            * receives the model back with the updated information (completed, notes, etc.) about
            * each job.  Then the controller must update the jobs table, adding the new jobs based on 
            * the view model returned from the view / client.
            * 
            */

            //Create a new list of MowingJobViewModel objects
             IEnumerable<MowingJobViewModel> mjList = new List<MowingJobViewModel>();

            //iterate through the list of clients built from earlier (in model)...
             foreach (var item in model)
             {  
             //create new MowingJobViewModel object MJ and add it to the list
             mjList.Add(new MowingJobViewModel()
             {
               Client_ID = item.Client_ID,
               Completed = false,
               Name = (item.FirstName + " " + item.LastName),
               Street = item.Address1,
               City = item.City,
               SvcPriceOverride = item.MowPrice,
               UofM = "Lump Sum",
               SvcQty = 1,
               Notes = "",
               Date = "",
               Crew = "",
               TechCount = 2,
               SvcRoute = item.SvcRoute,
               Schedule = item.MowSched,
              });

             }

             return View(mjList);

             }

**I don't have my view ("CreateMowing.cshtml") worked out correctly, but here is what I have-**

@model IEnumerable<LawnTracker.Models.MowingJobViewModel>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Enter Mowing Jobs";
}

<h2>Enter Mowing Jobs</h2>

<div style="float: left; clear:both; width: 100%;">
    <b>Total Jobs: @Html.Encode(Model.Count())</b><br />
    <b>Total Revenue: $@Html.Encode(ViewBag.total)</b><br /><br />
</div>
<p></p>

<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>

<div style="float: right; clear:both; width: 100%;">
     @using (Html.BeginForm("CreateMowing", "Job", FormMethod.Get)) 
    {
    <table>
    <tr>
        <th></th>

        <th>
            Route
        </th>

        <th>Schedule</th>
        <th></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>
            Show:
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DropDownList("route", new SelectList(ViewBag.Routes), "--ALL--")            
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DropDownList("sched", new SelectList(ViewBag.Sched), "--ALL--")
        </td>
        <td>            
            <input type="submit" value="Filter" />
        </td>
    </tr>
</table><br /><br />

    }
</div>

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            Completed
        </th>
        <th>
            First Name
        </th>
        <th>
            Last Name
        </th>
        <th>
            Street
        </th>

        <th>
            City
        </th>

        <th>
            Service Route
        </th>
        <th>
            Price
        </th>

        <th>
            Units
        </th>

        <th>
            Qty
        </th>
        <th>
            Notes
        </th>

        <th>
            Schedule
        </th>

    </tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    <tr>
        <td>
            <input type="checkbox" name="invoiced" value="@item.Client_ID" >
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.FirstName)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.LastName)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Address1)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.City)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.SvcRoute)
        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.MowPrice)
        </td>

        <td>

        </td>

        <td>

        </td>
        <td>

        </td>

        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.MowSched)
        </td>

     </tr>
}

</table>


<div>
    <br />
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

//获取：/Job/CreateMowing
public ActionResult CreateMowing（字符串route=“”，字符串sched=“”）
{
List listItems=新列表（）；
添加（新建SelectListItem（）
{
Value=“一次性付款”，
Text=“一次性付款”
});
添加（新建SelectListItem（）
{
Value=“小时”，
Text=“小时”
});
ViewBag.Units=新选择列表（列表项，“值”、“文本”）；
ViewBag.Routes=db.Clients.Select（r=>r.SvcRoute.Distinct（）；
ViewBag.Sched=db.Clients.Select（r=>r.MowSched.Distinct（）；
var model=来自数据库中的r.Clients
orderby r.svc路由
式中（r.割草==真）&&
（r.状态==“活动”）&&
（r.SvcRoute==route | |（route==“”）&&
（r.MowSched==sched | |（sched==“”）
选择r；
如果（model.Count（）>0）
{
ViewBag.total=model.Select（r=>r.MowPrice.Sum（）；
}
其他的
{
ViewBag.total=0.00；
}
/*基于上面定义的客户端列表，构建MowingJobViewModel对象列表
*已订阅割草并处于活动状态的用户。这将为完成的新作业启用批输入。
*此MowingJobViewModel对象列表将在HTTP GET后发送到客户端
*请求CreateMowing视图。用户将能够选中相关的复选框
*客户端列表中的每个客户端。提交表单时，控制器
*接收带有更新信息（已完成、注释等）的模型
*然后，控制器必须更新作业表，根据
*从视图/客户端返回的视图模型。
* 
*/
//创建割草作业视图模型对象的新列表
IEnumerable mjList=新列表（）；
//伊特拉