Delphi 如何在组件中添加对操作的支持

向组件添加操作支持需要做什么。它是一个按钮组件，但我想无论它是什么类型的组件，它都是一样的。任何信息或操作方法都会有所帮助。

如果您的组件已经是TButton的后代，则会继承操作支持。

---

您只需将action属性声明为已发布

基本操作支持在TControl类中实现，因此在最简单的情况下，您所要做的就是从TControl子体继承组件，并将

操作

属性声明为已发布，例如：

type
  TMyGraphicControl = class(TGraphicControl)
  published
    property Action;
  end;

---

如果组件具有应链接到TAction属性的其他属性，则还应覆盖该方法。

这取决于如何定义操作支持。有两种：

• 组件的可能自定义操作属性，可由操作组件分配
• 动作组件本身

动作属性 每个TControl子体都有一个Action属性，默认情况下，该属性的执行链接到鼠标左键单击。此链接由ActionLink管理。默认ActionLink的类型为TControlActionLink，负责标题、提示、启用状态等的同步。。。动作和控件的动作。如果这个基本功能就是您想要的，那么只需在您的组件类型声明中发布Action属性，Delphi框架就会处理所有这些，就像已经回答过的一样

如果您希望自己的操作属性链接到其他条件或事件（即单击除外），或者如果您希望为组件的特定子元素（不是TControl子元素）实现操作属性，然后，您可以通过定义和实现自定义ActionLink类来实现自己的自定义操作属性

假设您的组件是一种具有列的网格，您希望每个列都有一个action属性，当用户单击列的标题时应该调用该属性。由于这类列可能属于TCollectionItem类型，因此默认情况下，该列类型没有action属性。所以你必须自己实现一个。考虑下一个例子，它将动作的标题链接到列的标题，将动作的启用状态与列的只读属性反向链接……：

unit Unit1;

interface

uses
  Classes, ActnList, SysUtils;

type
  TColumn = class;

  TColumnActionLink = class(TActionLink)
  protected
    FClient: TColumn;
    procedure AssignClient(AClient: TObject); override;
    function IsCaptionLinked: Boolean; override;
    function IsEnabledLinked: Boolean; override;
    function IsOnExecuteLinked: Boolean; override;
    function IsVisibleLinked: Boolean; override;
    procedure SetCaption(const Value: String); override;
    procedure SetEnabled(Value: Boolean); override;
    procedure SetOnExecute(Value: TNotifyEvent); override;
    procedure SetVisible(Value: Boolean); override;
  end;

  TColumnActionLinkClass = class of TColumnActionLink;

  TColumn = class(TCollectionItem)
  private
    FActionLink: TColumnActionLink;
    FGrid: TComponent;
    FOnTitleClick: TNotifyEvent;
    FReadOnly: Boolean;
    FTitle: String;
    FVisible: Boolean;
    function DefaultTitleCaption: String;
    procedure DoActionChange(Sender: TObject);
    function GetAction: TBasicAction;
    function IsOnTitleClickStored: Boolean;
    function IsReadOnlyStored: Boolean;
    function IsVisibleStored: Boolean;
    procedure SetAction(Value: TBasicAction);
  protected
    procedure ActionChanged(Sender: TObject; CheckDefaults: Boolean); dynamic;
    procedure DoTitleClick; virtual;
    function GetActionLinkClass: TColumnActionLinkClass; virtual;
    property ActionLink: TColumnActionLink read FActionLink write FActionLink;
  public
    destructor Destroy; override;
    procedure InitiateAction; virtual;
  published
    property Action: TBasicAction read GetAction write SetAction;
    property OnTitleClick: TNotifyEvent read FOnTitleClick write FOnTitleClick
      stored IsOnTitleClickStored;
    property ReadOnly: Boolean read FReadOnly write FReadOnly
      stored IsReadOnlyStored;
    property Title: String read FTitle write FTitle;
    property Visible: Boolean read FVisible write FVisible
      stored IsVisibleStored;
  end;

implementation

{ TColumnActionLink }

procedure TColumnActionLink.AssignClient(AClient: TObject);
begin
  FClient := TColumn(AClient);
end;

function TColumnActionLink.IsCaptionLinked: Boolean;
begin
  Result := inherited IsCaptionLinked and (Action is TCustomAction) and
    (FClient.Title = TCustomAction(Action).Caption);
end;

function TColumnActionLink.IsEnabledLinked: Boolean;
begin
  Result := inherited IsEnabledLinked and (Action is TCustomAction) and
    (FClient.ReadOnly <> TCustomAction(Action).Enabled);
end;

function TColumnActionLink.IsOnExecuteLinked: Boolean;
begin
  Result := inherited IsOnExecuteLinked and
    (@FClient.OnTitleClick = @Action.OnExecute);
end;

function TColumnActionLink.IsVisibleLinked: Boolean;
begin
  Result := inherited IsVisibleLinked and (Action is TCustomAction) and
    (FClient.Visible = TCustomAction(Action).Visible);
end;

procedure TColumnActionLink.SetCaption(const Value: string);
begin
  if IsCaptionLinked then
    FClient.Title := Value;
end;

procedure TColumnActionLink.SetEnabled(Value: Boolean);
begin
  if IsEnabledLinked then
    FClient.ReadOnly := not Value;
end;

procedure TColumnActionLink.SetOnExecute(Value: TNotifyEvent);
begin
  if IsOnExecuteLinked then
    FClient.OnTitleClick := Value;
end;

procedure TColumnActionLink.SetVisible(Value: Boolean);
begin
  if IsVisibleLinked then
    FClient.Visible := Value;
end;

{ TColumn }

procedure TColumn.ActionChanged(Sender: TObject; CheckDefaults: Boolean);
begin
  if Sender is TCustomAction then
    with TCustomAction(Sender) do
    begin
      if not CheckDefaults or (Caption = DefaultTitleCaption) then
        FTitle := Caption;
      if not CheckDefaults or (not ReadOnly) then
        ReadOnly := not Enabled;
      if not CheckDefaults or not Assigned(FOnTitleClick) then
        FOnTitleClick := OnExecute;
      if not CheckDefaults or (Self.Visible = True) then
        Self.Visible := Visible;
      Changed(False);
    end;
end;

function TColumn.DefaultTitleCaption: String;
begin
  Result := 'Column' + IntToStr(Index);
end;

destructor TColumn.Destroy;
begin
  FreeAndNil(FActionLink);
  inherited Destroy;
end;

procedure TColumn.DoActionChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if Sender = Action then
    ActionChanged(Sender, False);
end;

procedure TColumn.DoTitleClick;
begin
  if Assigned(FOnTitleClick) then
    if (Action <> nil) and (@FOnTitleClick <> @Action.OnExecute) then
      FOnTitleClick(Self)
    else if FActionLink = nil then
      FOnTitleClick(Self)
    else if FActionLink <> nil then
      if (FGrid <> nil) and not (csDesigning in FGrid.ComponentState) then
      begin
        if not FActionLink.Execute(FGrid) then
          FOnTitleClick(Self);
      end
      else
        if not FActionLink.Execute(nil) then
          FOnTitleClick(Self);
end;

function TColumn.GetAction: TBasicAction;
begin
  if FActionLink <> nil then
    Result := FActionLink.Action
  else
    Result := nil;
end;

function TColumn.GetActionLinkClass: TColumnActionLinkClass;
begin
  Result := TColumnActionLink;
end;

procedure TColumn.InitiateAction;
begin
  if FActionLink <> nil then
    FActionLink.Update;
end;

function TColumn.IsOnTitleClickStored: Boolean;
begin
  Result := (FActionLink = nil) or not ActionLink.IsOnExecuteLinked;
end;

function TColumn.IsReadOnlyStored: Boolean;
begin
  Result := (FActionLink = nil) or not FActionLink.IsEnabledLinked;
  if Result then
    Result := FReadOnly;
end;

function TColumn.IsVisibleStored: Boolean;
begin
  Result := (FActionLink = nil) or not FActionLink.IsVisibleLinked;
  if Result then
    Result := not Visible;
end;

procedure TColumn.SetAction(Value: TBasicAction);
begin
  if Value = nil then
    FreeAndNil(FActionLink)
  else
  begin
    if FActionLink = nil then
      FActionLink := GetActionLinkClass.Create(Self);
    FActionLink.Action := Value;
    FActionLink.OnChange := DoActionChange;
    ActionChanged(Value, csLoading in Value.ComponentState);
    if FGrid <> nil then
      Value.FreeNotification(FGrid);
  end;
  Changed(False);
end;

end.

请注意，动作组件需要在IDE中注册才能在设计时使用它们

Delphi帮助中适用的阅读食物：

• ,
• ,
• ,
• ,
• ,

---

资料来源：。

对于OP的问题，这个答案（因为它比较短，并且准确地告诉你该做什么）可能比被接受的长而大的答案更好。既然SO现在几乎变成了一个编程维基百科，我希望文章不要成为规范而不是答案。请随时回复我的编辑。我不能不修改就收回我的否决票。我希望您认为我的编辑改进了您的答案，否则请随时回复。

unit Zoomer;

interface

uses
  Classes, Controls, ActnList, Forms, Menus, Windows;

type
  TZoomer = class;

  TZoomAction = class(TCustomAction)
  private
    FZoomer: TZoomer;
    procedure SetZoomer(Value: TZoomer);
  protected
    function GetZoomer(Target: TObject): TZoomer;
    procedure Notification(AComponent: TComponent; Operation: TOperation);
      override;
  public
    destructor Destroy; override;
    function HandlesTarget(Target: TObject): Boolean; override;
    procedure UpdateTarget(Target: TObject); override;
  published
    property Caption;
    property Enabled;
    property HelpContext;
    property HelpKeyword;
    property HelpType;
    property Hint;
    property ImageIndex;
    property ShortCut;
    property SecondaryShortCuts;
    property Visible;
    property OnExecute; { This property could be omitted. But if you want to be
                          able to override the default behavior of this action
                          (zooming in on a TZoomer component), then you need to
                          assign this event. From within the event handler
                          you could invoke the default behavior manually. }
    property OnHint;
    property OnUpdate;
    property Zoomer: TZoomer read FZoomer write SetZoomer;
  end;

  TZoomInAction = class(TZoomAction)
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;
    procedure ExecuteTarget(Target: TObject); override;
  end;

  TZoomer = class(TCustomControl)
  public
    procedure ZoomIn;
  end;

procedure Register;

implementation

procedure Register;
begin
  RegisterComponents('RoyMKlever', [TZoomer]);
  RegisterActions('Zoomer', [TZoomInAction], nil);
end;

{ TZoomAction }

destructor TZoomAction.Destroy;
begin
  if FZoomer <> nil then
    FZoomer.RemoveFreeNotification(Self);
  inherited Destroy;
end;

function TZoomAction.GetZoomer(Target: TObject): TZoomer;
begin
  if FZoomer <> nil then
    Result := FZoomer
  else if (Target is TZoomer) and TZoomer(Target).Focused then
    Result := TZoomer(Target)
  else if Screen.ActiveControl is TZoomer then
    Result := TZoomer(Screen.ActiveControl)
  else
    { This should not happen! HandlesTarget is called before ExecuteTarget,
      or the action is disabled }
    Result := nil;
end;

function TZoomAction.HandlesTarget(Target: TObject): Boolean;
begin
  Result := ((FZoomer <> nil) and FZoomer.Enabled) or
    ((FZoomer = nil) and (Target is TZoomer) and TZoomer(Target).Focused) or
    ((Screen.ActiveControl is TZoomer) and Screen.ActiveControl.Enabled);
end;

procedure TZoomAction.Notification(AComponent: TComponent;
  Operation: TOperation);
begin
  inherited Notification(AComponent, Operation);
  if (Operation = opRemove) and (AComponent = FZoomer) then
    FZoomer := nil;
end;

procedure TZoomAction.SetZoomer(Value: TZoomer);
begin
  if FZoomer <> Value then
  begin
    if FZoomer <> nil then
      FZoomer.RemoveFreeNotification(Self);
    FZoomer := Value;
    if FZoomer <> nil then
      FZoomer.FreeNotification(Self);
  end;
end;

procedure TZoomAction.UpdateTarget(Target: TObject);
begin
  Enabled := HandlesTarget(Target);
end;

{ TZoomInAction }

constructor TZoomInAction.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited Create(AOwner);
  Caption := 'Zoom in';
  Hint := 'Zoom in|Zooms in on the selected zoomer control';
  ShortCut := Menus.ShortCut(VK_ADD, [ssCtrl]);
end;

procedure TZoomInAction.ExecuteTarget(Target: TObject);
begin
  GetZoomer(Target).ZoomIn;
  { For safety, you cóuld check if GetZoomer <> nil. See remark in GetZoomer. }
end;

{ TZoomer }

procedure TZoomer.ZoomIn;
begin
  { implementation of zooming in }
end;

end.

type
  TZoomOutAction = class(TZoomAction)
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;
    procedure ExecuteTarget(Target: TObject); override;
  end;

{ TZoomOutAction }

constructor TZoomOutAction.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited Create(AOwner);
  Caption := 'Zoom out';
  Hint := 'Zoom out|Zooms out on the selected zoomer control';
  ShortCut := Menus.ShortCut(VK_SUBTRACT, [ssCtrl]);
end;

procedure TZoomOutAction.ExecuteTarget(Target: TObject);
begin
  GetZoomer(Target).ZoomOut;
end;