Excel 为什么PowerShell不想将我的文件另存为CSV

我正试图这样做，但出于某种原因，

SaveAs（）

不起作用。这给了我一个错误

无法访问文件“D://ETL_Data/E567DF00”

我要做什么才能将此保存到CSV

编辑：

没有注释中建议的fileformat参数

6

的确切错误：

$Path = 'D:/ETL_Data/TwitchTVData.xlsx'
$csvPath = 'D:/ETL_Data/TwitchTVData2.csv'

# Open the Excel document and pull in the 'Sheet1' worksheet
$Excel = New-Object -Com Excel.Application
$Workbook = $Excel.Workbooks.Open($Path)
$page = 'Sheet1'
$ws = $Workbook.Worksheets | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $page}
$Excel.Visible = $true
$Excel.DisplayAlerts = $false

# Set variables for the worksheet cells, and for navigation
$cells = $ws.Cells
$row = 1
$col = 4
$formula = @"
=NOW()
"@

# Add the formula to the worksheet
$range = $ws.UsedRange
$rows = $range.Rows.Count
for ($i=0; $i -ne $rows; $i++) {
    $cells.Item($row, $col) = $formula
    $row++
}

$ws.Columns.Item("A:D").EntireColumn.AutoFit() | Out-Null
$ws.Columns.Range("D1:D$rows").NumberFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm"

$Excel.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs($csvPath)
$Excel.Quit()

[System.GC]::Collect()
[System.GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()
[System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($excel)

---

当谈到路径分隔符时，PowerShell非常宽容，但COM+服务器（如

Excel.Application

）可能不是

将

$csvPath

变量值更改为使用

\

而不是

/

：

The file could not be accessed. Try one of the following: o Make sure the specified folder exists. o Make sure the folder that contains the file is not read-only. o Make sure the file name does not contain any of the following characters: < > ? [ ] : | or * o Make sure the file/path name doesn't contain more than 218 characters. At D:\PS_Scripts\twitchExcelAddSnapShot.ps1:32 char:1 + $Excel.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs($csvPath,6) + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo : OperationStopped: (:) [], COMException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException 要补充背景信息，请执行以下操作：

# PS: OK
# Should output c:\windows\win.ini
(Get-Item c:/windows/win.ini).FullName

# .NET: OK
# Should return the 1st child dir.'s path.
# Note that the child directory names will be appended with "\", not "/"
[System.IO.Directory]::GetDirectories('c:/windows/system32') | Select-Object -First 1

# COM (see Excel exception below): OK
# Should return $true
(New-Object -ComObject Scripting.FileSystemObject).FileExists('c:/windows/win.ini')

# Windows API: OK
# Should return a value such as 32.
(Add-Type -PassThru WinApiHelper -MemberDefinition '[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern uint GetFileAttributes(string lpFileName);')::GetFileAttributes('c:/windows/win.ini')

# cmd.exe: INCONSISTENTLY SUPPORTED
# Note: *quoting matters* here, so that tokens with / aren't mistaken for options.
#     attrib: works
cmd /c 'attrib "c:/windows/win.ini"'  
#     dir: works with DIRECTORIES, but fails with FILES
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows/system32"'  # OK
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows/win.ini"'  # FAILS with 'File not found'
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows\win.ini"'  # Using \ for the FILE component (only) works.

看来，Excel特定于应用程序的行为是问题的原因，与所使用的基础子系统或API无关。
（Excel的自动化API恰好是一个COM服务器。）
我不清楚Excel为什么会这样做——它在交互使用中也会这样做，尽管您可能会争辩说，至少在编程使用中，它也应该允许

/

提供一般性建议：

• 在Windows上，为了安全起见，请使用

  \

  ，尤其是在处理应用程序级自动化API时，尽管在系统级API上

  /

  也应起作用-见下文

• 在跨平台代码中，使用

  /

  （但要注意上面的异常；

  [System.IO.Path]：：directorySpeparatorChar

  报告平台相应的（主）字符）

尽管很少使用，API级别的Windows允许互换使用

\

和

/

（这显然是在引入目录支持时），这也反映在更高级别的子系统中，如下例所示

$csvPath = 'D:\ETL_Data\TwitchTVData2.csv'

---

下面是一个最小示例，演示了Excel在

/

方面的问题：

# PS: OK
# Should output c:\windows\win.ini
(Get-Item c:/windows/win.ini).FullName

# .NET: OK
# Should return the 1st child dir.'s path.
# Note that the child directory names will be appended with "\", not "/"
[System.IO.Directory]::GetDirectories('c:/windows/system32') | Select-Object -First 1

# COM (see Excel exception below): OK
# Should return $true
(New-Object -ComObject Scripting.FileSystemObject).FileExists('c:/windows/win.ini')

# Windows API: OK
# Should return a value such as 32.
(Add-Type -PassThru WinApiHelper -MemberDefinition '[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern uint GetFileAttributes(string lpFileName);')::GetFileAttributes('c:/windows/win.ini')

# cmd.exe: INCONSISTENTLY SUPPORTED
# Note: *quoting matters* here, so that tokens with / aren't mistaken for options.
#     attrib: works
cmd /c 'attrib "c:/windows/win.ini"'  
#     dir: works with DIRECTORIES, but fails with FILES
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows/system32"'  # OK
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows/win.ini"'  # FAILS with 'File not found'
cmd /c 'dir /b "c:/windows\win.ini"'  # Using \ for the FILE component (only) works.

# Create temporary dir.
$null = mkdir c:\tmp -force

$xl=New-Object -Com Excel.Application
$wb = $xl.Workbooks.Add()

# OK - with "\"
$wb.SaveAs('c:\tmp\t1.xlsx')

# FAILS - with "/":
# "Microsoft Excel cannot access the file 'C:\//tmp/F5D39400'"
$wb.SaveAs('c:/tmp/t2.xlsx')

$xl.Quit()

# Clean up temp. dir.