&引用；找不到满足要求cv2==1.0“的版本；将带有Anaconda和OpenCV的Docker应用程序部署到Heroku时

我正在尝试向Heroku部署一个简单的Python应用程序，该应用程序支持Conda

我可以毫无问题地将这个简单的示例部署到Heroku：

但当我添加cv2导入时，它不再工作：

原始app.py文件：

from flask import Flask, jsonify
from sklearn import datasets, svm

app = Flask(__name__)

# Load Dataset from scikit-learn.
digits = datasets.load_digits()

@app.route('/')
def hello():
    clf = svm.SVC(gamma=0.001, C=100.)
    clf.fit(digits.data[:-1], digits.target[:-1])
    prediction = clf.predict(digits.data[-1:])

    return jsonify({'prediction': repr(prediction)})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

from flask import Flask, jsonify, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, send_from_directory
from sklearn import datasets, svm
import os
import json
import requests

# browser the file that the user just uploaded
from werkzeug import secure_filename
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers.core import Flatten, Dense, Dropout
from keras.layers.convolutional import Convolution2D, MaxPooling2D, ZeroPadding2D
from keras.optimizers import SGD
from keras.applications.resnet50 import preprocess_input, decode_predictions
from keras import applications
import cv2, numpy as np

app = Flask(__name__)

# These are the extension that we are accepting to be uploaded
app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS'] = set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])

# For a given file, return whether it's an allowed type or not
def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1] in app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS']

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return 'Hello World!'

# Route that will process the file upload
@app.route('/upload', methods=['POST'])
def upload():
    # Get the name of the uploaded file
    file = request.files['file']
    # Check if the file is one of the allowed types/extensions
    if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
        # Make the filename safe, remove unsupported chars
        # filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
        # Move the file form the temporal folder to
        # the upload folder we setup
        # file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
        # Redirect the user to the uploaded_file route, which
        # will basicaly show on the browser the uploaded file
        file.save(file.filename)
        im = cv2.resize(cv2.imread(file.filename), (224, 224)).astype(np.float32)
        im[:,:,0] -= 103.939
        im[:,:,1] -= 116.779
        im[:,:,2] -= 123.68
        im = im.transpose((2,0,1))
        im = np.expand_dims(im, axis=0)
        out = model.predict(im)
        decoded = decode_predictions(out, top=3)[0]
        print('Predicted:', decoded)
        return str(decoded)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Test pretrained model
    model = applications.VGG19(include_top=True, weights='imagenet')
    app.run()

修改的app.py文件：

from flask import Flask, jsonify
from sklearn import datasets, svm

app = Flask(__name__)

# Load Dataset from scikit-learn.
digits = datasets.load_digits()

@app.route('/')
def hello():
    clf = svm.SVC(gamma=0.001, C=100.)
    clf.fit(digits.data[:-1], digits.target[:-1])
    prediction = clf.predict(digits.data[-1:])

    return jsonify({'prediction': repr(prediction)})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

from flask import Flask, jsonify, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, send_from_directory
from sklearn import datasets, svm
import os
import json
import requests

# browser the file that the user just uploaded
from werkzeug import secure_filename
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers.core import Flatten, Dense, Dropout
from keras.layers.convolutional import Convolution2D, MaxPooling2D, ZeroPadding2D
from keras.optimizers import SGD
from keras.applications.resnet50 import preprocess_input, decode_predictions
from keras import applications
import cv2, numpy as np

app = Flask(__name__)

# These are the extension that we are accepting to be uploaded
app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS'] = set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])

# For a given file, return whether it's an allowed type or not
def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1] in app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS']

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return 'Hello World!'

# Route that will process the file upload
@app.route('/upload', methods=['POST'])
def upload():
    # Get the name of the uploaded file
    file = request.files['file']
    # Check if the file is one of the allowed types/extensions
    if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
        # Make the filename safe, remove unsupported chars
        # filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
        # Move the file form the temporal folder to
        # the upload folder we setup
        # file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
        # Redirect the user to the uploaded_file route, which
        # will basicaly show on the browser the uploaded file
        file.save(file.filename)
        im = cv2.resize(cv2.imread(file.filename), (224, 224)).astype(np.float32)
        im[:,:,0] -= 103.939
        im[:,:,1] -= 116.779
        im[:,:,2] -= 123.68
        im = im.transpose((2,0,1))
        im = np.expand_dims(im, axis=0)
        out = model.predict(im)
        decoded = decode_predictions(out, top=3)[0]
        print('Predicted:', decoded)
        return str(decoded)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Test pretrained model
    model = applications.VGG19(include_top=True, weights='imagenet')
    app.run()

将此修改后的应用程序推送到Heroku时，我将收到此错误：

Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement cv2==1.0 (from -r /tmp/requirements.txt (line 10)) (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for cv2==1.0 (from -r /tmp/requirements.txt (line 10))
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install -qr /tmp/requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1
 !    Error: docker build exited with 1

看来Docker容器上没有cv2了？我在示例项目的Dockerfile模板中添加了这一行“RUN conda install-c conda forge opencv”，但它没有帮助：

FROM heroku/miniconda

# Grab requirements.txt.
ADD ./webapp/requirements.txt /tmp/requirements.txt

# Install dependencies
RUN pip install -qr /tmp/requirements.txt

# Add our code
ADD ./webapp /opt/webapp/
WORKDIR /opt/webapp

RUN conda install scikit-learn
RUN conda install -c conda-forge opencv

CMD gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:$PORT wsgi=

---

有什么帮助吗？

您看到的错误与pip无法安装pypi索引中列出的版本为

cv2

且版本为

1.0

的pip软件包有关。显然，该软件包描述是“我的博客分发实用程序”，并且在中不存在任何文件，这就是您看到类似以下错误的原因：

(test) ubuntu@condaexpts:~$ pip install cv2==1.0
Collecting cv2==1.0
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement cv2==1.0 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for cv2==1.0

很明显，这不是您想要的软件包。因此，请从文件

requirements.txt

您真正想要的是opencv的conda软件包，您可以从以下网站获得：

RUN conda install -yc conda-forge opencv

---

谢谢你说得对，我使用的是由pipreqs生成的requirements.txt文件，它错误地添加了cv2。