Image processing 非常简单的边缘检测
我有一个简单的、高对比度的黑白视频图像,我需要在上面找到垂直边的X值和水平边的Y值。我还需要知道边的方向(白色->黑色或黑色->白色) 将有:Image processing 非常简单的边缘检测,image-processing,edge-detection,Image Processing,Edge Detection,我有一个简单的、高对比度的黑白视频图像,我需要在上面找到垂直边的X值和水平边的Y值。我还需要知道边的方向(白色->黑色或黑色->白色) 将有: 零或一条水平边 零或一条垂直边 边缘非常直 边缘将通过从黑色到白色或从白色到黑色的锐利(浅)过渡来定义 我一直在阅读有关边缘检测算法的书籍,但对其了解甚少,但我真正了解的是,它们都比我的要求复杂得多。它们都是为了从复杂图像生成简单边缘的图像而设计的。我的要求(我的图像)要简单得多,我只需要X和Y值为零到两条边 如果我在一张图上画一行像素(X=像素指数,Y
如果要平滑边缘,OpenCV中的过滤器可以帮助您。我不知道您是否已经在使用OpenCV库。这是图像处理中最有用的库之一 如果要填补行中的空白,可以再次使用OpenCV中的 要使用边缘检测算法,您不需要了解它们。优点是你可以简单地测试它,看看它是否能给你想要的结果。我个人使用Canny边缘检测来检测黑白X射线图像中的边缘 包括“opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp” 这就是我使用开口过滤器来填充边缘的小间隙的地方
int blurSize = 3;
cv::blur(imageVector, imageVector, cv::Size(blurSize,blurSize));
我只是用了平滑滤镜模糊
bool L2gradient = false;
cv::Canny(imageVector , imageVector, lower, upper, kernelSize, L2gradient);
我想到的对于这个特殊的应用程序非常有效,所以我想我会与大家分享 首先,我用一个可调的阈值对图像进行二值滤波 然后我运行一个“平滑”操作。我肯定有一个专业术语我不知道。我检查每个像素的邻居(邻居的数量是可调的),以决定该像素是黑色还是白色 然后我抓取一个矩形区域(用于图像的每个顶部、底部、左侧和右侧部分),并注意每行(垂直)/列(水平)的第一个过渡(黑色到白色或白色到黑色) 如果找到的转换数明显小于区域中的行/列数,则没有行 我生成这些转换的平均值和总体标准偏差 如果偏差大于某个可调值,则没有直线。
如果偏差较小,则使用平均值作为行的位置。我将直接从命令行使用ImageMagick来处理此问题-它安装在大多数Linux发行版上,也可用于OSX和Windows 所以,首先,我会去灰度和正常化的对比度,这样你就不太容易受到曝光或照明的变化。然后我将阈值设置为50%,这样所有像素都将被强制为黑色或白色
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% result.png
然后我会运行一个又高又细的中值滤波器(比如说100像素高,1像素宽),在垂直方向上平滑图像(这样我就可以找到水平边缘)
然后我会将图像的大小调整为1像素宽和100像素高,以减少输出的体积,因为我会说,在图像高度的1%范围内找到边缘是这样一个嘈杂的图像所能期望的
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 1x100 -resize 1x100! txt:
# ImageMagick pixel enumeration: 1,100,255,srgb
0,0: (32496,32496,32496) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,1: (32969,32969,32969) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,2: (33498,33498,33498) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,3: (32632,32632,32632) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,4: (32708,32708,32708) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,5: (32787,32787,32787) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,6: (32615,32615,32615) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,7: (33186,33186,33186) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,8: (33786,33786,33786) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,9: (33610,33610,33610) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,10: (32577,32577,32577) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,11: (33159,33159,33159) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,12: (33578,33578,33578) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,13: (33276,33276,33276) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,14: (33259,33259,33259) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,15: (32620,32620,32620) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,16: (32624,32624,32624) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,17: (33131,33131,33131) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,18: (33278,33278,33278) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,19: (32680,32680,32680) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,20: (33136,33136,33136) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,21: (32707,32707,32707) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,22: (33051,33051,33051) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,23: (33794,33794,33794) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,24: (33704,33704,33704) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,25: (33028,33028,33028) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,26: (33605,33605,33605) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,27: (33785,33785,33785) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,28: (33290,33290,33290) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,29: (33079,33079,33079) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,30: (33430,33430,33430) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,31: (33246,33246,33246) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,32: (33102,33102,33102) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,33: (33248,33248,33248) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,34: (33823,33823,33823) #848484 srgb(132,132,132)
0,35: (33678,33678,33678) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,36: (33497,33497,33497) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,37: (33960,33960,33960) #848484 srgb(132,132,132)
0,38: (33520,33520,33520) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,39: (33235,33235,33235) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,40: (32655,32655,32655) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,41: (32825,32825,32825) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,42: (32847,32847,32847) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,43: (33214,33214,33214) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,44: (32966,32966,32966) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,45: (33262,33262,33262) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,46: (33178,33178,33178) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,47: (32501,32501,32501) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,48: (32499,32499,32499) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,49: (31982,31982,31982) #7C7C7C srgb(124,124,124)
0,50: (32564,32564,32564) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,51: (32336,32336,32336) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,52: (30311,30311,30311) #767676 srgb(118,118,118)
0,53: (27119,27119,27119) #6A6A6A srgb(106,106,106)
0,54: (13002,13002,13002) #333333 srgb(51,51,51)
0,55: (1855,1855,1855) #070707 srgb(7,7,7)
0,56: (187,187,187) #010101 srgb(1,1,1) <--- This is your edge at 56% of the image height down from the top
0,57: (72,72,72) #000000 srgb(0,0,0)
0,58: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,59: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,60: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,61: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,62: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,63: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,64: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,65: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,66: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,67: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,68: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,69: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,70: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,71: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,72: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,73: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,74: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,75: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,76: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,77: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,78: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,79: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,80: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,81: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,82: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,83: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,84: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,85: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,86: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,87: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,88: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,89: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,90: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,91: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,92: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,93: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,94: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,95: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,96: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,97: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,98: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,99: (0,0,0) #000000 black
总之,在终端中运行的两个命令(无需编写、编译和链接任何代码)如下所示:
# Find horizontal edges
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 1x100 -resize 1x100! txt:
# Find vertical edges
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 100x1 -resize 100x1! txt:
如果您向我们展示了一些示例图像,并说明了您计划使用的操作系统和工具,这将非常有帮助……如果您展示了您实际正在做的事情的图像,那会更好!您可能也会受益于潜在的更健壮或更快的方法…@MarkSetchell我已经添加了一个示例图像。我希望我之前发布了一个图像!谢谢你,我的荣幸。我希望这些想法能很好地适用于您的其他图像。如果出现任何问题,请记住,问题是免费的,所以请直接提问:-)祝您的项目好运!
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 1x100 result.png
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 1x100 -resize 1x100! txt:
# ImageMagick pixel enumeration: 1,100,255,srgb
0,0: (32496,32496,32496) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,1: (32969,32969,32969) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,2: (33498,33498,33498) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,3: (32632,32632,32632) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,4: (32708,32708,32708) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,5: (32787,32787,32787) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,6: (32615,32615,32615) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,7: (33186,33186,33186) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,8: (33786,33786,33786) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,9: (33610,33610,33610) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,10: (32577,32577,32577) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,11: (33159,33159,33159) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,12: (33578,33578,33578) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,13: (33276,33276,33276) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,14: (33259,33259,33259) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,15: (32620,32620,32620) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,16: (32624,32624,32624) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,17: (33131,33131,33131) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,18: (33278,33278,33278) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,19: (32680,32680,32680) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,20: (33136,33136,33136) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,21: (32707,32707,32707) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,22: (33051,33051,33051) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,23: (33794,33794,33794) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,24: (33704,33704,33704) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,25: (33028,33028,33028) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,26: (33605,33605,33605) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,27: (33785,33785,33785) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,28: (33290,33290,33290) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,29: (33079,33079,33079) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,30: (33430,33430,33430) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,31: (33246,33246,33246) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,32: (33102,33102,33102) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,33: (33248,33248,33248) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,34: (33823,33823,33823) #848484 srgb(132,132,132)
0,35: (33678,33678,33678) #838383 srgb(131,131,131)
0,36: (33497,33497,33497) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,37: (33960,33960,33960) #848484 srgb(132,132,132)
0,38: (33520,33520,33520) #828282 srgb(130,130,130)
0,39: (33235,33235,33235) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,40: (32655,32655,32655) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,41: (32825,32825,32825) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,42: (32847,32847,32847) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,43: (33214,33214,33214) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,44: (32966,32966,32966) #808080 srgb(128,128,128)
0,45: (33262,33262,33262) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,46: (33178,33178,33178) #818181 srgb(129,129,129)
0,47: (32501,32501,32501) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,48: (32499,32499,32499) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,49: (31982,31982,31982) #7C7C7C srgb(124,124,124)
0,50: (32564,32564,32564) #7F7F7F srgb(127,127,127)
0,51: (32336,32336,32336) #7E7E7E srgb(126,126,126)
0,52: (30311,30311,30311) #767676 srgb(118,118,118)
0,53: (27119,27119,27119) #6A6A6A srgb(106,106,106)
0,54: (13002,13002,13002) #333333 srgb(51,51,51)
0,55: (1855,1855,1855) #070707 srgb(7,7,7)
0,56: (187,187,187) #010101 srgb(1,1,1) <--- This is your edge at 56% of the image height down from the top
0,57: (72,72,72) #000000 srgb(0,0,0)
0,58: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,59: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,60: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,61: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,62: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,63: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,64: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,65: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,66: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,67: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,68: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,69: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,70: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,71: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,72: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,73: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,74: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,75: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,76: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,77: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,78: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,79: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,80: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,81: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,82: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,83: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,84: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,85: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,86: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,87: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,88: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,89: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,90: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,91: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,92: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,93: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,94: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,95: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,96: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,97: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,98: (0,0,0) #000000 black
0,99: (0,0,0) #000000 black
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 100x1 -resize 100x1! txt:
# ImageMagick pixel enumeration: 100,1,255,srgb
0,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
1,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
2,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
3,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
4,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
5,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
6,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
7,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
8,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
9,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
10,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
11,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
12,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
13,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
14,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
15,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
16,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
17,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
18,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
19,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
20,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
21,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
22,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
23,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
24,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
25,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
26,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
27,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
28,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
29,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
30,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
31,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
32,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
33,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
34,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
35,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
36,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
37,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
38,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
39,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
40,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
41,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
42,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
43,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
44,0: (0,0,0) #000000 black
45,0: (7,7,7) #000000 srgb(0,0,0)
46,0: (87,87,87) #000000 srgb(0,0,0)
47,0: (342,342,342) #010101 srgb(1,1,1)
48,0: (3623,3623,3623) #0E0E0E srgb(14,14,14)
49,0: (16943,16943,16943) #424242 srgb(66,66,66) <-- This is your vertical edge, 49% of the image width across from the left side
50,0: (29779,29779,29779) #747474 srgb(116,116,116)
51,0: (33852,33852,33852) #848484 srgb(132,132,132)
52,0: (34745,34745,34745) #878787 srgb(135,135,135)
53,0: (35643,35643,35643) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
54,0: (35893,35893,35893) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
55,0: (35932,35932,35932) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
56,0: (35934,35934,35934) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
57,0: (36041,36041,36041) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
58,0: (36095,36095,36095) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
59,0: (35975,35975,35975) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
60,0: (35937,35937,35937) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
61,0: (35937,35937,35937) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
62,0: (36042,36042,36042) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
63,0: (36094,36094,36094) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
64,0: (36148,36148,36148) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
65,0: (36409,36409,36409) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
66,0: (36409,36409,36409) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
67,0: (36375,36375,36375) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
68,0: (36252,36252,36252) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
69,0: (36214,36214,36214) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
70,0: (36176,36176,36176) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
71,0: (36274,36274,36274) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
72,0: (36406,36406,36406) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
73,0: (36366,36366,36366) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
74,0: (36128,36128,36128) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
75,0: (36004,36004,36004) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
76,0: (35900,35900,35900) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
77,0: (35872,35872,35872) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
78,0: (35855,35855,35855) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
79,0: (35779,35779,35779) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
80,0: (35777,35777,35777) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
81,0: (35664,35664,35664) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
82,0: (35774,35774,35774) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
83,0: (35785,35785,35785) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
84,0: (35753,35753,35753) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
85,0: (35671,35671,35671) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
86,0: (35675,35675,35675) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
87,0: (35694,35694,35694) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
88,0: (35621,35621,35621) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
89,0: (35819,35819,35819) #8B8B8B srgb(139,139,139)
90,0: (36080,36080,36080) #8C8C8C srgb(140,140,140)
91,0: (36300,36300,36300) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
92,0: (36550,36550,36550) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
93,0: (36561,36561,36561) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
94,0: (36425,36425,36425) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
95,0: (36268,36268,36268) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
96,0: (36317,36317,36317) #8D8D8D srgb(141,141,141)
97,0: (36409,36409,36409) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
98,0: (36521,36521,36521) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
99,0: (36568,36568,36568) #8E8E8E srgb(142,142,142)
convert line.png -stroke red -draw "line 0,268 640,268" -draw "line 313,0 313,480" result.png
# Find horizontal edges
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 1x100 -resize 1x100! txt:
# Find vertical edges
convert line.png -colorspace gray -normalize -threshold 50% -virtual-pixel mirror -statistic median 100x1 -resize 100x1! txt: