Java Mockito：如何替换被测试类调用的类的方法？

不幸的是，Mockito文档缺少详尽的信息，很难找到创建以下设置的正确方法

我有一个类“ResourceManager”，应该进行测试。这个类实例化另一个类“JerseyClient”，它有一个名为“get”的方法。我希望“ResourceManager”不要调用真正的“JerseyClient”，而是从中调用一个mock（或存根？）（我已经不清楚mocking和stubing或mocks和spies在Mockito上下文中的区别）

我的尝试是@Mock（或@Spy？）JerseyClient，或至少一种方法：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class ResourceManagerTest
{
    @Mock
    private JerseyClient jerseyClient;


    @Test
    public void testResultHandling() throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException, ResourceException
    {
        TestEntity testEntity = new TestEntity();
        ResourceManager resourceManager = new ResourceManager();

        testEntity.setGet(true);
        testEntity.setTestAttribute("1stTest");

        when(jerseyClient.get(anyString())).thenReturn("{\"get\":true,\"testAttribute\":\"2ndTest\",\"message\":\"success\"}");

//      doReturn("{\"get\":true,\"testAttribute\":\"2ndTest\",\"message\":\"success\"}").when(jerseyClient).get(anyString());

        TestEntity result = (TestEntity)resourceManager.execute(testEntity, TestEntity.class);

        assertThat(result, is(notNullValue()));
        assertThat(result.getMessage(), is("success"));
        assertThat(result.getTestAttribute(), is("2ndTest"));
    }
}

如您所见，我尝试模拟jerseyClient.get（）方法以返回预定义的JSON字符串：

when(jerseyClient.get(anyString())).thenReturn("{\"get\":true,\"testAttribute\":\"2ndTest\",\"message\":\"success\"}");

或

但它们都不起作用。这意味着调用了real JerseyClient.get方法，因为它试图使用real JerseyClient发出HTTP请求

---

解决方案是什么？我想在这里做什么？它是监视一个真实的对象还是模拟一个我想模拟它的方法的对象，什么时候我可以替换方法，只在模拟上还是只在间谍上？

我自己找到了答案。我需要补充一点

@InjectMocks
private ResourceManager resourceManager;

然后我需要使用此实例运行测试：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class ResourceManagerTest
{
    @Mock
    private JerseyClient jerseyClient;

    @InjectMocks
    private ResourceManager resourceManager;

    @Test
    public void testResultHandling() throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException, ResourceException
    {
        TestEntity testEntity = new TestEntity();

        testEntity.setGet(true);
        testEntity.setTestAttribute("1stTest");

        when(jerseyClient.get(anyString())).thenReturn("{\"get\":true,\"testAttribute\":\"2ndTest\",\"message\":\"success\"}");   

        TestEntity result = (TestEntity)resourceManager.execute(testEntity, TestEntity.class);

        assertThat(result, is(notNullValue()));
        assertThat(result.getMessage(), is("success"));
        assertThat(result.getTestAttribute(), is("2ndTest"));
    }
}

我还可以使用“doReturn…when”模式

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class ResourceManagerTest
{
    @Mock
    private JerseyClient jerseyClient;

    @InjectMocks
    private ResourceManager resourceManager;

    @Test
    public void testResultHandling() throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException, ResourceException
    {
        TestEntity testEntity = new TestEntity();

        testEntity.setGet(true);
        testEntity.setTestAttribute("1stTest");

        when(jerseyClient.get(anyString())).thenReturn("{\"get\":true,\"testAttribute\":\"2ndTest\",\"message\":\"success\"}");   

        TestEntity result = (TestEntity)resourceManager.execute(testEntity, TestEntity.class);

        assertThat(result, is(notNullValue()));
        assertThat(result.getMessage(), is("success"));
        assertThat(result.getTestAttribute(), is("2ndTest"));
    }
}