Java JSF的弹簧注入

我在JSF项目中使用springframework为bean注入注释时遇到问题。
我想我做了到目前为止我找到的所有教程都说我应该做的事情，但是当我将war发布到tomcat并尝试使用LoginBean的loginService时，我得到了一个NullPointerException。有什么想法吗

我的豆子（简称）：

我的服务（缩短）：

my applicationContext.xml：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="de.homer.server.config.beans" />
    <context:component-scan base-package="de.homer.server.config.user" />
</beans>

和堆栈跟踪：

WARNING: #{loginBean.doLogin}: java.lang.NullPointerException
javax.faces.FacesException: #{loginBean.doLogin}: java.lang.NullPointerException
at    com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:118)
at javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:794)
at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1259)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:118)
at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:593)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
at   org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: javax.faces.el.EvaluationException: java.lang.NullPointerException
at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:102)
at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:102)
... 24 more
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at de.homer.server.config.beans.LoginBean.doLogin(LoginBean.java:49)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:262)
at org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:278)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:88)
... 25 more

Jan 16, 2012 9:42:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [Faces Servlet] in context with path [/homer] threw exception [java.lang.NullPointerException] with root cause
java.lang.NullPointerException
at de.homer.server.config.beans.LoginBean.doLogin(LoginBean.java:49)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:262)
at org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:278)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:88)
at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:102)
at javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:794)
at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1259)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:118)
at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:593)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

---

删除自动连线选项：

在这里定义您的服务和DAOBean

@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfig {

    @Bean
    public LoginService loginService() {
        return new LoginService();
    }
}

初始化bean

@Configuration
@Import( { PersistenceHibernateConfig.class, SecurityConfig.class, ApplicationConfig.class } )
public class SpringMainConfig{

}

将此参数添加到web.xml

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>com.ecs.esr.spring.conf.SpringMainConfig</param-value>
</context-param>

---

我终于明白了。结果表明，已弃用版本的faces-config.xml存在问题 它与此配置一起工作：

faces-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE faces-config PUBLIC
    "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.1//EN"
    "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_1.dtd">
<faces-config>
    <application>
        <variable-resolver>
            org.springframework.web.jsf.DelegatingVariableResolver
        </variable-resolver>
    </application>
</faces-config>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<faces-config xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">

<application>
    <el-resolver>org.springframework.web.jsf.el.SpringBeanFacesELResolver</el-resolver>
</application>

</faces-config>

服务：

package de.homer.server.config.user;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class LoginService {

}

---

谢谢你所有的灵感

完成了，是我忘记的一件事；-）@stonedsquirrel你能把你得到空指针的语句贴在哪里吗？我的理解是loginService不是自动连接的，因此是空的。我说得对吗？@AravindA你说得对。我可以调试doLogin（）方法并查看loginService是否为null。我想这很清楚。很抱歉好吧，春天的时候我慢慢开始发火了。使用与上面相同的代码，我得到一个不同的错误。这一次连Bean都不能解决。错误是JSF中的“目标不可访问，标识符'loginBean'解析为空”。最后，误差是一致的。可能是tomcat重新发布之前部分工作正常的问题。我应该编辑我的问题，还是这个评论就足够了？我是新来的；-）对不起打扰你们了！好的，如果我将ManagedBean标记添加到LoginBean中，它将在JSF中初始化，并且我将再次获得null指针。这是有意义的，因为ManagedBean是在Facelet上下文中加载的，并且忽略了spring上下文。这样错误才有意义。但是：我做错了什么？好吧，我想这是可行的，但这是我想要避免的。许多教程和论坛都建议使用自动布线是可能的。如果我必须在每个构造函数中初始化Bean，我只需将LoginService设置为Singleton，并在没有spring的情况下进行设置。使用spring的优势似乎在这里消失了。还是我遗漏了什么？再次感谢您的回答。@Qualifier的导入在哪里？

@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfig {

    @Bean
    public LoginService loginService() {
        return new LoginService();
    }
}

@Configuration
@Import( { PersistenceHibernateConfig.class, SecurityConfig.class, ApplicationConfig.class } )
public class SpringMainConfig{

}

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>com.ecs.esr.spring.conf.SpringMainConfig</param-value>
</context-param>

WebApplicationContext ctx = FacesContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance());
loginService = ctx.getBean(LoginService.class);

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<faces-config xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">

<application>
    <el-resolver>org.springframework.web.jsf.el.SpringBeanFacesELResolver</el-resolver>
</application>

</faces-config>

package de.homer.server.config.beans;

import java.io.Serializable;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import de.homer.server.config.user.LoginService;

@Component
@Scope("session")
@Qualifier("loginBean")
public class LoginBean implements Serializable {

    @Autowired
    LoginService loginService;

    public final String doLogin() {
    // try to use loginService here
    // if I set breakpoint here I can see that loginService is null
    }

}

package de.homer.server.config.user;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class LoginService {

}