当从Java调用时，FFMPEG不会生成有效的mp4输出

我正在使用ffmpeg命令将带有音频文件的图像合并到mp4视频中：

ffmpeg -y -r 30 -loop 1 -i <path/to/image.png> -i <path/to/audio.aac> -shortest -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 <path/to/output.mp4>

这段代码在运行Ubuntu18.04桌面和OpenJDK11.0.4的本地机器上运行没有问题。但是，当在运行相同OpenJDK版本的Ubuntu18.04服务器droplet上运行时，代码会导致输出损坏。奇怪的是，当我ssh到服务器并调用完全相同的命令来生成mp4文件时，绝对没有问题。所以我处于一种非常奇怪的情况下：

在本地计算机上自动调用该命令时，该命令工作正常

在服务器上手动调用该命令时，该命令工作正常

在服务器上自动调用该命令时，该命令不起作用

服务器上自动FFMPEG调用的输出：

 ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
[png_pipe @ 0x560225784a60] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
Input #0, png_pipe, from 'tmp/render_1.png':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0: Video: png, rgb24(pc), 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[aac @ 0x560225789940] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, aac, from 'tmp/marytts_1.aac':
  Duration: 00:00:04.80, bitrate: 25 kb/s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (png (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[libx264 @ 0x56022578c2e0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2 AVX512
[libx264 @ 0x56022578c2e0] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0x56022578c2e0] 264 - core 152 r2854 e9a5903 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=4 threads=1 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'tmp/render_2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.83.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc57.107.100 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
frame=    6 fps=0.0 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   12 fps= 11 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   18 fps= 11 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   23 fps= 10 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   27 fps=9.8 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   30 fps=9.2 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   32 fps=7.9 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   33 fps=7.1 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   34 fps=6.4 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   35 fps=5.4 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   38 fps=5.4 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   42 fps=5.0 q=29.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    

错误输出为空。已损坏文件上的FFProbe：

$ ffprobe tmp/render_2.mp4
    ffprobe version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2007-2019 the FFmpeg developers
      built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
      configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
      libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
      libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
      libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
      libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
      libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
      libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
      libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
      libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
      libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
    [mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 0x558b07498080] moov atom not found
    tmp/render_2.mp4: Invalid data found when processing input

起初，我认为java程序没有正确地等待FFMpeg完成，从而导致输出损坏，但一些时间测量让我有点自信，这不是这个错误的原因

编辑：

通过ssh调用时服务器上ffmpeg命令的输出：

$ ffmpeg -y -r 30 -loop 1 -i tmp/render_1.png -i tmp/marytts_1.aac -shortest -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 tmp/render_2.mp4
ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
[png_pipe @ 0x562e37a77a60] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
Input #0, png_pipe, from 'tmp/render_1.png':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0: Video: png, rgb24(pc), 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[aac @ 0x562e37a7c940] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, aac, from 'tmp/marytts_1.aac':
  Duration: 00:00:04.80, bitrate: 25 kb/s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (png (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2 AVX512
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] 264 - core 152 r2854 e9a5903 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=4 threads=1 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'tmp/render_2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.83.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc57.107.100 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
frame=  194 fps= 10 q=29.0 Lsize=     280kB time=00:00:05.00 bitrate= 458.3kbits/s speed=0.261x    
video:261kB audio:15kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.337588%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] frame I:1     Avg QP:16.02  size:255181
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] frame P:49    Avg QP:10.58  size:    93
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] frame B:144   Avg QP:13.67  size:    69
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] consecutive B-frames:  1.0%  0.0%  0.0% 99.0%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] mb I  I16..4: 49.3%  0.0% 50.7%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] mb P  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:99.9%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] mb B  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  direct: 0.0%  skip:100.0%  L0: 0.0% L1:100.0% BI: 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] coded y,u,v intra: 49.6% 41.1% 42.4% inter: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 97%  0%  2%  1%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 15%  7%  7%  9% 10%  9%  9% 11%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] ref P L0: 72.6% 13.6% 11.6%  2.3%
[libx264 @ 0x562e37a7f2e0] kb/s:333.64

本地自动呼叫的输出：

ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  WARNING: library configuration mismatch
  avcodec     configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared --enable-version3 --disable-doc --disable-programs --enable-libopencore_amrnb --enable-libopencore_amrwb --enable-libtesseract --enable-libvo_amrwbenc
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
[png_pipe @ 0x558d89df15c0] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
Input #0, png_pipe, from 'tmp/render_1.png':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0: Video: png, rgb24(pc), 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[aac @ 0x558d89df64a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, aac, from 'tmp/marytts_1.aac':
  Duration: 00:00:04.80, bitrate: 25 kb/s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (png (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] 264 - core 152 r2854 e9a5903 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=4 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'tmp/render_2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.83.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc57.107.100 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
frame=   29 fps=0.0 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   51 fps= 51 q=29.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x    
frame=   67 fps= 44 q=29.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.51 bitrate=   0.8kbits/s speed=0.335x    
frame=   88 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:01.21 bitrate=1724.9kbits/s speed=0.595x    
frame=  111 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:01.93 bitrate=1084.9kbits/s speed=0.756x    
frame=  132 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:02.68 bitrate= 780.3kbits/s speed=0.877x    
frame=  153 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:03.39 bitrate= 618.4kbits/s speed=0.949x    
frame=  176 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:04.16 bitrate= 504.2kbits/s speed=1.02x    
frame=  196 fps= 43 q=29.0 size=     256kB time=00:00:04.80 bitrate= 437.0kbits/s speed=1.04x    
frame=  203 fps= 38 q=29.0 Lsize=     280kB time=00:00:05.00 bitrate= 458.0kbits/s speed=0.946x    
video:261kB audio:15kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.338639%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] frame I:1     Avg QP:16.02  size:255033
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] frame P:51    Avg QP:10.50  size:    91
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] frame B:151   Avg QP:13.67  size:    69
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] consecutive B-frames:  0.5%  1.0%  0.0% 98.5%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] mb I  I16..4: 49.4%  0.0% 50.6%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] mb P  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:99.9%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] mb B  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  direct: 0.0%  skip:100.0%  L0: 0.0% L1:100.0% BI: 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] coded y,u,v intra: 49.6% 41.1% 42.2% inter: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] i16 v,h,dc,p: 97%  0%  2%  1%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 15%  7%  7%  9% 10%  9% 10% 11%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] ref P L0: 80.5% 10.5%  8.7%  0.3%
[libx264 @ 0x558d89df8e40] kb/s:319.34

本地人工呼叫的输出：

$ ffmpeg -y -r 30 -loop 1 -i tmp/render_1.png -i tmp/marytts_1.aac -shortest -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 tmp/render_2.mp4
ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  WARNING: library configuration mismatch
  avcodec     configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared --enable-version3 --disable-doc --disable-programs --enable-libopencore_amrnb --enable-libopencore_amrwb --enable-libtesseract --enable-libvo_amrwbenc
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
[png_pipe @ 0x558ddf2165c0] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
Input #0, png_pipe, from 'tmp/render_1.png':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0: Video: png, rgb24(pc), 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[aac @ 0x558ddf21b4a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, aac, from 'tmp/marytts_1.aac':
  Duration: 00:00:04.80, bitrate: 25 kb/s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (png (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] 264 - core 152 r2854 e9a5903 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=4 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'tmp/render_2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.83.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc57.107.100 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
frame=  203 fps= 40 q=29.0 Lsize=     280kB time=00:00:05.00 bitrate= 458.0kbits/s speed=0.986x    
video:261kB audio:15kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.338639%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame I:1     Avg QP:16.02  size:255033
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame P:51    Avg QP:10.50  size:    91
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame B:151   Avg QP:13.67  size:    69
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] consecutive B-frames:  0.5%  1.0%  0.0% 98.5%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb I  I16..4: 49.4%  0.0% 50.6%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb P  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:99.9%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb B  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  direct: 0.0%  skip:100.0%  L0: 0.0% L1:100.0% BI: 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] coded y,u,v intra: 49.6% 41.1% 42.2% inter: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] i16 v,h,dc,p: 97%  0%  2%  1%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 15%  7%  7%  9% 10%  9% 10% 11%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] ref P L0: 80.5% 10.5%  8.7%  0.3%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] kb/s:319.34

---

结果表明，服务器有足够的RAM让FFMpeg命令自己运行，但没有足够的RAM支持JVM和FFMpeg。这导致了上述奇怪的情况。我猜丢失的RAM也会导致错误消息没有被重定向到文件（或者FFMpeg在丢失的RAM上无声地失败）

---

我解决了添加一些交换空间的问题。否则，您可以升级服务器。

其他3个ffmpeg输出（终端本地、Java本地、终端服务器）是什么？@levantpied我将它们添加为编辑。我发现您使用了

e.printStackTrace（）

而不是日志记录。您是否能够确认它没有在此处引发异常（例如，在

p.waitFor

之后记录一些内容）并实际完成（例如，在整个

尝试
/
catch
之后记录一些内容）？我可以确认没有引发异常。“关闭并再次打开它”（重新启动服务器）也很遗憾地不起作用：(
$ ffmpeg -y -r 30 -loop 1 -i tmp/render_1.png -i tmp/marytts_1.aac -shortest -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 tmp/render_2.mp4
ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  WARNING: library configuration mismatch
  avcodec     configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared --enable-version3 --disable-doc --disable-programs --enable-libopencore_amrnb --enable-libopencore_amrwb --enable-libtesseract --enable-libvo_amrwbenc
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
[png_pipe @ 0x558ddf2165c0] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
Input #0, png_pipe, from 'tmp/render_1.png':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0: Video: png, rgb24(pc), 1920x1080, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[aac @ 0x558ddf21b4a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, aac, from 'tmp/marytts_1.aac':
  Duration: 00:00:04.80, bitrate: 25 kb/s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (png (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] 264 - core 152 r2854 e9a5903 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=4 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to 'tmp/render_2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.83.100
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc57.107.100 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp, 25 kb/s
frame=  203 fps= 40 q=29.0 Lsize=     280kB time=00:00:05.00 bitrate= 458.0kbits/s speed=0.986x    
video:261kB audio:15kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.338639%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame I:1     Avg QP:16.02  size:255033
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame P:51    Avg QP:10.50  size:    91
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] frame B:151   Avg QP:13.67  size:    69
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] consecutive B-frames:  0.5%  1.0%  0.0% 98.5%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb I  I16..4: 49.4%  0.0% 50.6%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb P  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:99.9%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] mb B  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  direct: 0.0%  skip:100.0%  L0: 0.0% L1:100.0% BI: 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] coded y,u,v intra: 49.6% 41.1% 42.2% inter: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] i16 v,h,dc,p: 97%  0%  2%  1%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 15%  7%  7%  9% 10%  9% 10% 11%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] ref P L0: 80.5% 10.5%  8.7%  0.3%
[libx264 @ 0x558ddf21de40] kb/s:319.34