java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException:未能初始化组件

我正在为一个maven web应用程序工作，我正在努力解决这个错误，但我找不到任何解决方案：

SEVERE: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet@5b0abc94]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:831)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1377)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1367)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:902)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:423)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:928)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:638)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:350)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:492)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet@5b0abc94]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:441)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:173)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.startInternal(StandardRoot.java:724)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4783)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:4918)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1377)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1367)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:902)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: error in opening zip file
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.initInternal(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:143)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
... 33 more

它来自于运行一个导入多个其他类的

index.jsp

页面：

<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList" %>
<%@page import="java.util.List" %>
<%@page import= "java.net.URL" %>
<%@ page import="models.Chapter" %>
<%@ page import="models.User" %>
<%@ page import="models.Student" %>
<%@ page import="models.Teacher" %>
<%@ page import="models.Enrolment" %>
<%@ page import="dao.UserDAO" %>
<%@ page import="dao.StudentDAO" %>
<%@ page import="dao.TeacherDAO" %>
<%@ page import="dao.ChapterDAO" %>
<%@ page import="dao.Chapter2DAO" %>
<%@ page import="dao.EnrolmentDAO" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" pageEncoding="US-ASCII"%>

以下是我在Eclipse中的项目结构：

---

你知道我如何处理这个问题吗？我真的不知道问题出在哪里

如果您查看以下异常stacktrace：

原因：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException： java.util.zip.ZipException:打开zip文件时出错

这意味着，从部署的角度来看，war文件是不正确的。此外，您必须在maven中创建war包装。除此之外，您还必须使用maven war插件。您还必须在eclipse中创建一个完整的web项目。我建议大家通过下面的教程了解一下

---

为什么要将jar放在lib文件夹中？这是我在解决以前的问题时得到的一个非常普遍的建议。如果我把它们拿出来，我会得到我提到的另一个错误，解决方法是添加罐子。这就像一个循环，我不知道如何摆脱它。我只是用你提供的教程创建了一个新项目。我想确保我所有的类和依赖项都以正确的方式放置，所以我现在有以下问题：我是否将包放在java resources/src文件夹中？另外，我应该在WEB-INF的lib文件夹中添加JAR吗？我是否也应该在WEB-INF下使用classes文件夹？如果您使用像eclipse这样的IDE，您可以通过右键单击并选择来创建包。我从未使用过war文件，所以我有一个假问题：我是否仍然以相同的方式使用jar文件？在pom.xml中添加依赖项？您必须为web应用程序部署war文件。检查此链接。有没有一种方法可以在不使用war文件的情况下解决此错误？

 <properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
 <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>



  <dependencies>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>3.8.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.1.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>8.0.13</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>


<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
  <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
  <version>1.1</version>
  </dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>