Java 未能初始化JPA EntityManagerFactory:[PersistenceUnit:default]无法生成Hibernate SessionFactory

基于此项目（更新至当前最新版本的spring boot+java 11）：

我正在尝试从IntelliJ运行应用程序，但我得到：

2021-04-02 11:18:08.185  INFO 86413 --- [           main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
2021-04-02 11:18:08.422 ERROR 86413 --- [           main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Failed to initialize JPA EntityManagerFactory: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Could not determine type for: java.util.Set, at table: book, for columns: [org.hibernate.mapping.Column(authors)]
2021-04-02 11:18:08.423  WARN 86413 --- [           main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Could not determine type for: java.util.Set, at table: book, for columns: [org.hibernate.mapping.Column(authors)]
2021-04-02 11:18:08.423  INFO 86413 --- [           main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown initiated...

这看起来是最重要的部分：

Could not determine type for: java.util.Set, at table: book, for columns: [org.hibernate.mapping.Column(authors)]

有什么建议吗

以及：

Author.java

package com.example.demospring.domain;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
public class Author {

    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "authors")
    private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<>();

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    public Author() {
    }

    public Author(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }


    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Set<Book> getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Id
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Author{" +
                "firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", books=" + books +
                ", id=" + id +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Author author = (Author) o;

        return id != null ? id.equals(author.id) : author.id == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0;
    }


}

package com.example.demospring.domain;


import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
public class Book {
    private String title;
    private String isbn;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "author_book", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="book_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="author_id"))
    private Set<Author> authors = new HashSet<>();

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;


    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String title, String isbn) {
        this.title = title;
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getIsbn() {
        return isbn;
    }

    public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }

    public Set<Author> getAuthors() {
        return authors;
    }

    public void setAuthors(Set<Author> authors) {
        this.authors = authors;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Id
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", isbn='" + isbn + '\'' +
                ", authors=" + authors +
                ", id=" + id +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Book book = (Book) o;

        return id != null ? id.equals(book.id) : book.id == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0;
    }
}

package com.example.demospring.domain；
导入javax.persistence.*；
导入java.util.HashSet；
导入java.util.Set；
@实体
公共类作者{
私有字符串名；
私有字符串lastName；
@许多（mappedBy=“作者”）
private Set books=new HashSet（）；
@身份证
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.AUTO）
私人长id；
公共作者（）{
}
公共作者（字符串名、字符串名）{
this.firstName=firstName；
this.lastName=lastName；
}
公共字符串getFirstName（）{
返回名字；
}
public void setFirstName（字符串firstName）{
this.firstName=firstName；
}
公共字符串getLastName（）{
返回姓氏；
}
public void setLastName（字符串lastName）{
this.lastName=lastName；
}
公共集getBooks（）{
还书；
}
公共书籍（套书）{
这本书=书；
}
公共无效集合id（长id）{
this.id=id；
}
@身份证
公共长getId（）{
返回id；
}
@凌驾
公共字符串toString（）{
返回“作者{”+
“firstName=”+firstName+“\”+
“，lastName='”+lastName+'\''+
“，books=“+books”+
“，id=“+id+
'}';
}
@凌驾
公共布尔等于（对象o）{
如果（this==o）返回true；
如果（o==null | | getClass（）！=o.getClass（））返回false；
作者=（作者）o；
返回id！=null？id.equals（author.id）：author.id==null；
}
@凌驾
公共int hashCode（）{
返回id！=null？id.hashCode（）：0；
}
}

Book.java

package com.example.demospring.domain;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
public class Author {

    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "authors")
    private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<>();

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    public Author() {
    }

    public Author(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }


    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Set<Book> getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Id
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Author{" +
                "firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", books=" + books +
                ", id=" + id +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Author author = (Author) o;

        return id != null ? id.equals(author.id) : author.id == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0;
    }


}

package com.example.demospring.domain;


import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
public class Book {
    private String title;
    private String isbn;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "author_book", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="book_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="author_id"))
    private Set<Author> authors = new HashSet<>();

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;


    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String title, String isbn) {
        this.title = title;
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getIsbn() {
        return isbn;
    }

    public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }

    public Set<Author> getAuthors() {
        return authors;
    }

    public void setAuthors(Set<Author> authors) {
        this.authors = authors;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Id
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", isbn='" + isbn + '\'' +
                ", authors=" + authors +
                ", id=" + id +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Book book = (Book) o;

        return id != null ? id.equals(book.id) : book.id == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0;
    }
}

package com.example.demospring.domain；
导入javax.persistence.*；
导入java.util.HashSet；
导入java.util.Set；
@实体
公共课堂用书{
私有字符串标题；
专用字符串isbn；
@许多
@JoinTable（name=“author\u book”，joinColumns=@JoinColumn（name=“book\u id”），inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn（name=“author\u id”））
private Set authors=new HashSet（）；
@身份证
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.AUTO）
私人长id；
公共书籍（）{
}
公共图书（字符串标题，字符串isbn）{
this.title=标题；
这是isbn=isbn；
}
公共字符串getTitle（）{
返回标题；
}
公共无效集合标题（字符串标题）{
this.title=标题；
}
公共字符串getIsbn（）{
返回isbn；
}
公共无效集合isbn（字符串isbn）{
这是isbn=isbn；
}
公共集getAuthors（）{
返回作者；
}
公共void集合作者（集合作者）{
this.authors=作者；
}
公共无效集合id（长id）{
this.id=id；
}
@身份证
公共长getId（）{
返回id；
}
@凌驾
公共字符串toString（）{
返回“Book{”+
“title=”+title+“\”+
“，isbn=”+isbn+“\”+
“，authors=“+作者+
“，id=“+id+
'}';
}
@凌驾
公共布尔等于（对象o）{
如果（this==o）返回true；
如果（o==null | | getClass（）！=o.getClass（））返回false；
簿册=（簿册）o；
返回id！=null？id.equals（book.id）：book.id==null；
}
@凌驾
公共int hashCode（）{
返回id！=null？id.hashCode（）：0；
}
}

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo-spring</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo-spring</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4.0.0
org.springframework.boot
spring启动程序父级
2.4.4
com.example
演示弹簧
0.0.1-快照
演示弹簧
SpringBoot的演示项目
11
org.springframework.boot
spring引导启动器数据jpa
org.springframework.boot
SpringBootStarterWeb
com.h2数据库
氢
运行时
org.springframework.boot
弹簧起动试验
测试
org.springframework.boot
springbootmaven插件

这是

---

您必须从

Author

和

Book

中的

getId（）

中删除

@Id

注释，这是否回答了您的问题？