Java Mockito抛出未完成的VerificationException（可能与本机方法调用有关）

我在运行测试用例时出现以下异常：

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.UnfinishedVerificationException: 
Missing method call for verify(mock) here:
-> at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

Example of correct verification:
    verify(mock).doSomething()

Also, this error might show up because you verify either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.

    at com.bignibouX.tests.repository.member.MemberCachingIntegrationTest.testFindByEmail(MemberCachingIntegrationTest.java:61)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:72)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:81)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:215)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:81)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:60)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:67)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:161)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

测试用例有两个测试，如下所示：

@ActiveProfiles(Profiles.TEST)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { FullIntegrationTestConfiguration.class, BaseTestConfiguration.class, MemberCachingIntegrationTest.Config.class })
public class MemberCachingIntegrationTest {

    private static final Member MEMBER_ONE = new Member();
    private static final Member MEMBER_TWO = new Member();

    @Autowired
    private MemberRepository memberRepositoryMock;

    @After
    public void validate() {
        validateMockitoUsage();
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByEmail() {
        when(memberRepositoryMock.findByEmail(anyString())).thenReturn(MEMBER_ONE, MEMBER_TWO);

        Member firstInvocation = memberRepositoryMock.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(firstInvocation, is(MEMBER_ONE));

        Member secondInvocation = memberRepositoryMock.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(secondInvocation, is(MEMBER_ONE));

        verify(memberRepositoryMock, times(1)).findByEmail("foo@foo.com");

        Member thirdInvocation = memberRepositoryMock.findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
        assertThat(thirdInvocation, is(MEMBER_TWO));

        verify(memberRepositoryMock, times(1)).findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
    }

    @Test
    public void passingInexistentEmailToSendPasswordResetShouldNotCauseNPE() {
        fail("MemberRepository's findByEmail throws NPE if email not found in db! Reason: because cache was set up not to allow null values...");
        fail("Appropriate error page not displayed when above NPE is thrown!");
    }

    @Profile(Profiles.TEST)
    @Configuration
    static class Config {

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository memberRepositoryMock() {
            return mock(MemberRepository.class);
        }
    }
}

我的问题有两个：

• 我不确定这里调用了什么：

  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）

  。。。它与反射和本机方法有关，但在我的例子中是哪种本机方法
• 我的Mockito用法有什么问题

编辑：

@RooJpaRepository(domainType = Member.class)
public interface MemberRepository {

    @Cacheable(value = CacheConfiguration.DATABASE_CACHE_NAME)
    Member findByEmail(String email);

    @Cacheable(CacheConfiguration.DATABASE_CACHE_NAME)
    Member findByToken(String token);

    @CacheEvict(value = CacheConfiguration.DATABASE_CACHE_NAME, key = "#result.email")
    <S extends Member> S save(S entity);
}

编辑3：需要考虑的另一件事：如果我删除或注释掉测试中的最后一行和拆卸方法，即

verify(memberRepositoryMock, times(1)).findByEmail("bar@bar.com");

及

考试顺利通过

---

编辑4：实际上，我正在拼命地尝试改编下面的例子：这是在另一篇文章中给我的。我们注意到模拟是自动连接的，测试使用了spring上下文。有人能帮我把测试做好吗？

sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）-根据您提供的堆栈跟踪，mockito在报告错误时有点困惑。这实际上与您的问题无关，但无论如何，这是本机的

NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0

（请参阅）。SpringJUnit4ClassRunner运行它，它是如何工作的，没有什么你应该关心的

现在谈谈您真正的问题，正如我在评论中所写的，这是因为Spring将模拟对象包装到代理中。如果你加上

System.out.println(memberRepositoryMock.getClass());

您将在控制台中看到，这不是模拟，而是一些代理。Mockito只能存根mock，所以这就是您收到错误的原因

现在的问题可能是，如何解决这个问题。首先，您的测试实际上不是一个集成测试，因为您试图模拟存储库，而不是真正测试数据访问的行为。在这种情况下，我将放弃使用spring测试，而选择SimpleMockitoJunitRunner

更新： 好的，现在知道它实际上是要测试的缓存，我理解您需要用Spring缓存装饰模拟存储库，并且您的测试实际上是一个集成测试

这是如何做到的。所提到的一点变化，但不使用静态参考。我觉得稍微自然一点

@ActiveProfiles(Profiles.TEST)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { FullIntegrationTestConfiguration.class, BaseTestConfiguration.class, MemberCachingIntegrationTest.Config.class })
public class MemberCachingIntegrationTest {

    @Autowired
    private MemberRepository cachedRepository;

    @Autowired
    private MockProvider mockProvider;

    @After
    public void validate() {
        validateMockitoUsage();
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        when(mockProvider.get().findByEmail(anyString())).thenReturn("foo", "bar");

        String firstInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(firstInvocation, is("foo"));

        String secondInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(secondInvocation, is("foo"));

        verify(mockProvider.get(), times(1)).findByEmail("foo@foo.com");

        String thirdInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
        assertThat(thirdInvocation, is("bar"));

        verify(mockProvider.get(), times(1)).findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
    }

    @Configuration
    static class Config {

        private MemberRepository mockRepository = mock(MemberRepository.class);

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository cachedRepository() {
            return mockRepository;
        }

        @Bean
        public MockProvider mockProvider() {
            return new MockProvider(mockRepository);
        }

    }

    public static class MockProvider {

        private final MemberRepository repository;

        public MockProvider(MemberRepository repository) {
            this.repository = repository;
        }

        public MemberRepository get() {
            return this.repository;
        }

    }
}

---

注意：Repository返回字符串而不是成员，这是一个更清晰的示例

您是否也可以发布MemberRepository代码？@macias:我已经发布了MemberRepository（一个spring数据jpa存储库）。+1有趣。似乎spring将您的模拟存储库包装到某个代理中，您不会收到模拟引用，而是无法存根的代理引用。。sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）行怎么样？我真的很困惑。。。什么是本机的？sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）行就是JUnit运行程序，它使用反射来查找测试方法并运行它们。这并不表示您正在使用代理。然而，这并不是说你没有使用代理。正如macias所说，调试测试并找出它的实际类型。谢谢。我已经编辑了我的帖子。需要考虑的一点是，我正在测试Spring缓存，因此需要一个Spring上下文。你知道如何在不实际访问数据库的情况下测试缓存吗？答案在这里。注意，使用static reference技巧@frant.hartm可以确保您正在调用缓存调用，然后验证您的实际模拟被调用了多少次。我还想到了您的第三次编辑，这很奇怪。这可能是某种幸运的巧合，因为缓存调用堆栈中某个地方的实际模拟，只有在明确验证了emockintousage时才会发生异常。我不确定…嗨，马西亚斯。嗯。你所说的“RepositoryDecorator”是什么意思？我找不到这方面的信息…我一定是个白痴-但这是有效的，我真的不知道为什么？有人能解释一下吗？

System.out.println(memberRepositoryMock.getClass());

@ActiveProfiles(Profiles.TEST)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { FullIntegrationTestConfiguration.class, BaseTestConfiguration.class, MemberCachingIntegrationTest.Config.class })
public class MemberCachingIntegrationTest {

    @Autowired
    private MemberRepository cachedRepository;

    @Autowired
    private MockProvider mockProvider;

    @After
    public void validate() {
        validateMockitoUsage();
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        when(mockProvider.get().findByEmail(anyString())).thenReturn("foo", "bar");

        String firstInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(firstInvocation, is("foo"));

        String secondInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("foo@foo.com");
        assertThat(secondInvocation, is("foo"));

        verify(mockProvider.get(), times(1)).findByEmail("foo@foo.com");

        String thirdInvocation = cachedRepository.findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
        assertThat(thirdInvocation, is("bar"));

        verify(mockProvider.get(), times(1)).findByEmail("bar@bar.com");
    }

    @Configuration
    static class Config {

        private MemberRepository mockRepository = mock(MemberRepository.class);

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository cachedRepository() {
            return mockRepository;
        }

        @Bean
        public MockProvider mockProvider() {
            return new MockProvider(mockRepository);
        }

    }

    public static class MockProvider {

        private final MemberRepository repository;

        public MockProvider(MemberRepository repository) {
            this.repository = repository;
        }

        public MemberRepository get() {
            return this.repository;
        }

    }
}