Javascript 功能/对象属性-揭开面纱 var f=函数（）{ 这个.x='1'； 警报（this.s）；//未定义 } f、 s='2'； f（）； 警报（f.s）；//价值就在那里 警报（f.x）；//未定义

我似乎能够在用函数实例化的对象中保留属性，但我不能从函数中访问它们，也不能从外部访问函数变量。。。有什么特殊的技巧可以揭开面纱吗？

此

指调用函数的上下文，而不是函数本身。

---

您正在查找

参数。被调用方

，它指的是当前正在执行的函数。

此

指的是调用函数的上下文，而不是函数本身。

<script type="text/javascript">
var f = function() {
    this.x = '1';
    alert(this.s); // undefined
}
f.s = '2';
f();
alert(f.s); // the value's there
alert(f.x); // undefined
</script>

您正在查找

参数。被调用方

，它引用当前正在执行的函数

<script type="text/javascript">
var f = function() {
    this.x = '1';
    alert(this.s); // undefined
}
f.s = '2';
f();
alert(f.s); // the value's there
alert(f.x); // undefined
</script>

不确定我是否回答了您想要知道的所有问题，但我认为您正在寻找

new

来创建对象的新实例

var f = function() {
    this.x = '1';
}

var eff = new f();
eff.s = '2';
alert(eff.s);
alert(eff.x);

不确定我是否回答了您想要知道的所有问题，但我认为您正在寻找

new

来创建对象的新实例

var f = function() {
    this.x = '1';
}

var eff = new f();
eff.s = '2';
alert(eff.s);
alert(eff.x);

没有理由使用一个表达式，声明可以做得更好。如果使用表达式，则在执行语句之前，函数将不可用。使用声明，该函数将在执行开始时立即可用，而不管它在程序中的什么位置

函数的此值是在调用函数时设置的，它的值取决于调用（忽略ES 5绑定方法）

函数是对象，因此上面将向f函数对象添加一个s属性

> f.s = '2';

在没有限定路径的情况下调用f意味着在函数中，这将引用全局对象。因此，行

警报（this.s）

将返回undefined，因为全局对象没有s属性

> f();

即访问f的s属性，该属性是在上面创建并指定的值

alert(f.s); // the value's there

对。但在呼吁f：

因为当

f（）

执行该行时：

alert( x ) // 1

这是全局/窗口对象，因此添加了一个属性x，并将其赋值为1

没有理由使用一个表达式，声明可以做得更好。如果使用表达式，则在执行语句之前，函数将不可用。使用声明，该函数将在执行开始时立即可用，而不管它在程序中的什么位置

函数的此值是在调用函数时设置的，它的值取决于调用（忽略ES 5绑定方法）

函数是对象，因此上面将向f函数对象添加一个s属性

> f.s = '2';

在没有限定路径的情况下调用f意味着在函数中，这将引用全局对象。因此，行

警报（this.s）

将返回undefined，因为全局对象没有s属性

> f();

即访问f的s属性，该属性是在上面创建并指定的值

alert(f.s); // the value's there

对。但在呼吁f：

因为当

f（）

执行该行时：

alert( x ) // 1

这是全局/窗口对象，因此添加了一个属性x，并将其赋值为1。

正如您所指出的，可以使用

参数。被调用方
引用当前运行的函数

  this.x = '1';

但是，（至少根据我的副本）在ECMAScript 5中使用
参数。在严格模式下被调用方
将引发
类型错误
。另一种方法是使用命名函数而不是匿名函数：

var foo = function() {
  return arguments.callee.x || 'foo';
}
foo(); // returns 'foo'
foo.x = 'bar';
foo(); // returns 'bar'

但是请注意，函数体中对
foo.x
的引用意味着，如果将foo重新分配给其他对象，则引用将指向新对象-请参见。
，正如您所指出的，可以使用
参数.callee
引用当前运行的函数

  this.x = '1';

但是，（至少根据我的副本）在ECMAScript 5中使用
参数。在严格模式下被调用方
将引发
类型错误
。另一种方法是使用命名函数而不是匿名函数：

var foo = function() {
  return arguments.callee.x || 'foo';
}
foo(); // returns 'foo'
foo.x = 'bar';
foo(); // returns 'bar'

但是，请注意，函数体中对
foo.x
的引用意味着，如果将foo重新分配给其他对象，则引用将指向新对象-请参见。
首先，必须认识到标准函数属性（参数、名称、调用方和长度）不能被覆盖。因此，忘记添加具有该名称的属性

向函数添加您自己的自定义属性可以采用在每个浏览器中都适用的不同方式

方法1：运行函数时添加属性：

function foo() {
  return foo.x || 'foo';
}
foo(); // returns 'foo'
foo.x = 'bar';
foo(); // returns 'bar'

doSomething.name : doSomething
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : doSomething
doSomething.name2 : John 

doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John 

输出：

var doSomething = function() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function f() {
    f.name = 'Tom';
    f.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.name = 'Tom';
doSomething.name2 = 'John';

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function(args) {
    var f = function() {
        return 'Beep';
    };
    for (i in args) {
        f[i] = args[i];
    }
    return f;
}({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
}));

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.extend = function(args) {
    for (i in args) {
        this[i] = args[i];
    }
    return this;
}

doSomething.extend({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extend = function(obj, args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

var Job = extend(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extendableFunction = (function() {
    var extend = function(args) {
        if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
            for (i in args) {
                this[i] = args[i];
            }
        }
        return this;
    };
    var ef = function(v, obj) {
        v.extend = extend;
        return v.extend(obj);
    };

    ef.create = function(v, args) {
        return new this(v, args);
    };
    return ef;
})();

var doSomething = extendableFunction.create(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

Function.prototype.extend = function(args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return this;
};

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
}.extend({
    name : 'Tom',
    name2 : 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function f(arg1) {
    if(f.name2 === undefined) {
        f.name = 'Tom';
        f.name2 = 'John';
        f.extend = function(obj, args) {
            if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
                for (i in args) {
                    this[i] = args[i];
                }
            }
            return obj;
        };
        return f;
    } else {
        return 'Beep';
    }
})();

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

方式1（备用语法）：

输出：

var doSomething = function() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function f() {
    f.name = 'Tom';
    f.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.name = 'Tom';
doSomething.name2 = 'John';

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function(args) {
    var f = function() {
        return 'Beep';
    };
    for (i in args) {
        f[i] = args[i];
    }
    return f;
}({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
}));

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.extend = function(args) {
    for (i in args) {
        this[i] = args[i];
    }
    return this;
}

doSomething.extend({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extend = function(obj, args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

var Job = extend(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extendableFunction = (function() {
    var extend = function(args) {
        if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
            for (i in args) {
                this[i] = args[i];
            }
        }
        return this;
    };
    var ef = function(v, obj) {
        v.extend = extend;
        return v.extend(obj);
    };

    ef.create = function(v, args) {
        return new this(v, args);
    };
    return ef;
})();

var doSomething = extendableFunction.create(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

Function.prototype.extend = function(args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return this;
};

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
}.extend({
    name : 'Tom',
    name2 : 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function f(arg1) {
    if(f.name2 === undefined) {
        f.name = 'Tom';
        f.name2 = 'John';
        f.extend = function(obj, args) {
            if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
                for (i in args) {
                    this[i] = args[i];
                }
            }
            return obj;
        };
        return f;
    } else {
        return 'Beep';
    }
})();

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

方式1（第二种替代语法）：

输出：

var doSomething = function() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function f() {
    f.name = 'Tom';
    f.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.name = 'Tom';
doSomething.name2 = 'John';

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function(args) {
    var f = function() {
        return 'Beep';
    };
    for (i in args) {
        f[i] = args[i];
    }
    return f;
}({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
}));

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.extend = function(args) {
    for (i in args) {
        this[i] = args[i];
    }
    return this;
}

doSomething.extend({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extend = function(obj, args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

var Job = extend(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extendableFunction = (function() {
    var extend = function(args) {
        if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
            for (i in args) {
                this[i] = args[i];
            }
        }
        return this;
    };
    var ef = function(v, obj) {
        v.extend = extend;
        return v.extend(obj);
    };

    ef.create = function(v, args) {
        return new this(v, args);
    };
    return ef;
})();

var doSomething = extendableFunction.create(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

Function.prototype.extend = function(args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return this;
};

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
}.extend({
    name : 'Tom',
    name2 : 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function f(arg1) {
    if(f.name2 === undefined) {
        f.name = 'Tom';
        f.name2 = 'John';
        f.extend = function(obj, args) {
            if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
                for (i in args) {
                    this[i] = args[i];
                }
            }
            return obj;
        };
        return f;
    } else {
        return 'Beep';
    }
})();

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

此策略的一个问题是，您需要至少运行一次函数才能分配属性。对于许多函数，这显然是您现在想要的。所以让我们考虑其他的选择。

方式2：定义函数后添加属性：

doSomething.name : f
doSomething.name2 : undefined
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : f
doSomething.name2 : John 

doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John 

输出：

var doSomething = function() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function f() {
    f.name = 'Tom';
    f.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.name = 'Tom';
doSomething.name2 = 'John';

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function(args) {
    var f = function() {
        return 'Beep';
    };
    for (i in args) {
        f[i] = args[i];
    }
    return f;
}({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
}));

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.extend = function(args) {
    for (i in args) {
        this[i] = args[i];
    }
    return this;
}

doSomething.extend({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extend = function(obj, args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

var Job = extend(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extendableFunction = (function() {
    var extend = function(args) {
        if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
            for (i in args) {
                this[i] = args[i];
            }
        }
        return this;
    };
    var ef = function(v, obj) {
        v.extend = extend;
        return v.extend(obj);
    };

    ef.create = function(v, args) {
        return new this(v, args);
    };
    return ef;
})();

var doSomething = extendableFunction.create(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

Function.prototype.extend = function(args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return this;
};

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
}.extend({
    name : 'Tom',
    name2 : 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function f(arg1) {
    if(f.name2 === undefined) {
        f.name = 'Tom';
        f.name2 = 'John';
        f.extend = function(obj, args) {
            if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
                for (i in args) {
                    this[i] = args[i];
                }
            }
            return obj;
        };
        return f;
    } else {
        return 'Beep';
    }
})();

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

现在，在访问属性之前，不需要先运行函数。但是，缺点是您的属性感觉与函数断开连接

方法3：将函数包装为匿名函数：

function foo() {
  return foo.x || 'foo';
}
foo(); // returns 'foo'
foo.x = 'bar';
foo(); // returns 'bar'

doSomething.name : doSomething
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : doSomething
doSomething.name2 : John 

doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John 

输出：

var doSomething = function() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    doSomething.name = 'Tom';
    doSomething.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function f() {
    f.name = 'Tom';
    f.name2 = 'John';
    return 'Beep';
};

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

function doSomething() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.name = 'Tom';
doSomething.name2 = 'John';

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function(args) {
    var f = function() {
        return 'Beep';
    };
    for (i in args) {
        f[i] = args[i];
    }
    return f;
}({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
}));

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
};

doSomething.extend = function(args) {
    for (i in args) {
        this[i] = args[i];
    }
    return this;
}

doSomething.extend({
    'name': 'Tom',
    'name2': 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extend = function(obj, args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

var Job = extend(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var extendableFunction = (function() {
    var extend = function(args) {
        if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
            for (i in args) {
                this[i] = args[i];
            }
        }
        return this;
    };
    var ef = function(v, obj) {
        v.extend = extend;
        return v.extend(obj);
    };

    ef.create = function(v, args) {
        return new this(v, args);
    };
    return ef;
})();

var doSomething = extendableFunction.create(
    function() {
        return 'Beep';
    }, {
        'name': 'Tom',
        'name2': 'John'
    }
);

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

Function.prototype.extend = function(args) {
    if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
        for (i in args) {
            this[i] = args[i];
        }
    }
    return this;
};

var doSomething = function() {
    return 'Beep';
}.extend({
    name : 'Tom',
    name2 : 'John'
});

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

var doSomething = (function f(arg1) {
    if(f.name2 === undefined) {
        f.name = 'Tom';
        f.name2 = 'John';
        f.extend = function(obj, args) {
            if (isArray(args) || (args !== null && typeof args === 'object')) {
                for (i in args) {
                    this[i] = args[i];
                }
            }
            return obj;
        };
        return f;
    } else {
        return 'Beep';
    }
})();

console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);
console.log('doSomething() : ' + doSomething());
console.log('doSomething.name : ' + doSomething.name);
console.log('doSomething.name2 : ' + doSomething.name2);

将函数包装在匿名函数中，可以将属性收集到对象中，并使用循环在匿名函数中逐个添加这些属性。这样，您的属性会感觉与您的功能更紧密地联系在一起。当需要从现有对象复制属性时，此技术也非常有用。但是，缺点是，在定义函数时，只能同时添加多个属性。此外，如果您经常希望向函数添加属性，那么它也不会导致干代码

方法4：向函数中添加“扩展”函数，将对象的属性逐个添加到自身：

doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John
doSomething() : Beep
doSomething.name : 
doSomething.name2 : John