指定共享/'；普通'；CppProperties.json或cmakSettings.json中的配置值

当使用VisualStudio的“打开文件夹”功能时，IDE会在一个特殊的json文件中搜索项目设置和配置。对于CPP项目，可以是CppProperties.json。对于CMake项目，可以是CMakeSettings.json

此json文件包含一个或多个“配置”的集合，例如“调试”或“发布”。我将以最近的CMake项目为例：

"configurations": [
    {
      "name": "ARM-Debug",
      "generator": "Ninja",
      "configurationType": "Debug",
      "inheritEnvironments": [
        "gcc-arm"
      ],
      "buildRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\build\\${name}",
      "installRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\install\\${name}",
      "cmakeCommandArgs": "",
      "buildCommandArgs": "-v",
      "ctestCommandArgs": "",
      "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-arm",
      "variables": [
        {
          "name": "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE",
          "value": "${workspaceRoot}/cmake/arm-none-eabi-toolchain.cmake"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "ARM-Release",
      "generator": "Ninja",
      "configurationType": "Release",
      "inheritEnvironments": [
        "gcc-arm"
      ],
      "buildRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\build\\${name}",
      "installRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\install\\${name}",
      "cmakeCommandArgs": "",
      "buildCommandArgs": "-v",
      "ctestCommandArgs": "",
      "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-arm",
      "variables": [
        {
          "name": "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE",
          "value": "${workspaceRoot}/cmake/arm-none-eabi-toolchain.cmake"
        }
      ]
    }

正如您所看到的，我有两种配置，它们的属性几乎相同

---

我的问题：是否可以一次性定义这些公共/共享属性，以允许配置继承它们并避免重复我自己？

更简单的方法是在全局级别（在任何配置之外）定义环境，例如：

{
  "environments": [
    {
      "namespace" : "env",
      "varName": "varValue"
    }
  ],

然后，您可以在任何需要的地方重复使用，例如：

  "cmakeCommandArgs": "${env.varName}",

您还可以拥有多个环境并重用它们，如下所示：

{
  "environments": [
    {
      "environment": "env1",
      "namespace": "env",
      "varName": "varValueEnv1"
    },
    {
      "environment": "env2",
      "namespace": "env",
      "varName": "varValueEnv2"
    }

  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "x64-Release",
      "inheritEnvironments": [
        "msvc_x64_x64", "env2"
      ],
      "cmakeCommandArgs": "${env.varName}",
.....
    }
  ]

“x64发行版”将在名为“env2”（命名空间“env”）的环境中继承变量的值