Linux Bash并行进程仿真脚本
我想编写模拟运行几个并发进程的bash脚本。Linux Bash并行进程仿真脚本,linux,multithreading,bash,shell,operating-system,Linux,Multithreading,Bash,Shell,Operating System,我想编写模拟运行几个并发进程的bash脚本。 MAX_CONCURRENT_TASKS表示一次可以运行多少个任务，而每个任务都随机“工作”2-6秒 如果当前进程计数等于最大并发任务数，并且睡眠2~6秒，是否有比简单的while..do循环并使用等待更具“创造性”的方法来实现这一点 有人知道如何使用信号来实现这一点吗？也许是别的什么 @编辑：我想写一个脚本来完成这项工作，我知道有很多工具可以完成这项工作。使用 使用一些简单的例子 一些简单的例子是的，试试这个，我想你会喜欢的。尝试根据您的参数调整T
MAX_CONCURRENT_TASKS最大并发任务数，并且睡眠2~6秒，是否有比简单的while..do
循环并使用等待更具“创造性”的方法来实现这一点
有人知道如何使用信号来实现这一点吗？也许是别的什么
@编辑：我想写一个脚本来完成这项工作，我知道有很多工具可以完成这项工作。使用
使用一些简单的例子
一些简单的例子是的，试试这个，我想你会喜欢的。尝试根据您的参数调整THREADLIMIT和MAXTHREADDUR
这个程序实际上应该被称为进程生成管理器，但这只是因为BASH在使用符号fork时的工作方式，它使用fork（）或clone（）系统调用将克隆到单独的内存空间中，而不是像pthread_create（）那样共享内存。如果BASH支持后者，那么每个“执行序列”的操作都将是相同的，可以称为传统线程，同时获得更高效的内存占用。然而，在功能上，它的工作原理是相同的，尽管有点困难，因为全局变量在每个工作克隆中都不可用，因此使用进程间通信文件和基本的集群信号来管理关键部分。从BASH中分叉当然是这里的基本答案，但我觉得人们似乎知道这一点，但他们真的希望管理产生的东西，而不是仅仅分叉然后忘记它。这演示了一种管理多达200个分叉进程实例的方法，这些分叉进程都访问单个资源。我希望你喜欢它，我喜欢写它
#!/bin/bash
ME=$(basename $0)
IPC="/tmp/$ME.ipc" #interprocess communication file (global thread accounting stats)
DBG=/tmp/$ME.log
echo 0 > $IPC #initalize counter
F1=thread
SPAWNED=0
COMPLETE=0
SPAWN=10000 #number of jobs to process
SPEEDFACTOR=1 #dynamically compensates for execution time
THREADLIMIT=200 #maximum concurrent threads
TPS=1 #threads per second delay
THREADCOUNT=0 #number of running threads
SCALE="scale=5" #controls bc's precision
START=$(date +%s) #whence we began
MAXTHREADDUR=30 #maximum thread life span - demo mode
LOWER=$[$THREADLIMIT*100*90/10000] #90% worker utilization threshold
UPPER=$[$THREADLIMIT*100*95/10000] #95% worker utilization threshold
DELTA=10 #initial percent speed change
threadspeed() #dynamically adjust spawn rate based on worker utilization
{
#vaguely assumes thread execution average will be consistent
THREADCOUNT=$(threadcount)
if [ $THREADCOUNT -ge $LOWER ] && [ $THREADCOUNT -le $UPPER ] ;then
echo SPEED HOLD >> $DBG
return
elif [ $THREADCOUNT -lt $LOWER ] ;then
#if maxthread is free speed up
SPEEDFACTOR=$(echo "$SCALE;$SPEEDFACTOR*(1-($DELTA/100))"|bc)
echo SPEED UP $DELTA%>> $DBG
elif [ $THREADCOUNT -gt $UPPER ];then
#if maxthread is active then slow down
SPEEDFACTOR=$(echo "$SCALE;$SPEEDFACTOR*(1+($DELTA/100))"|bc)
DELTA=1 #begin fine grain control
echo SLOW DOWN $DELTA%>> $DBG
fi
echo SPEEDFACTOR $SPEEDFACTOR >> $DBG
#average thread duration (total elapsed time / number of threads completed)
#if threads completed is zero (less than 100), default to maxdelay/2 maxthreads
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC)
if [ -z $COMPLETE ];then
echo BAD IPC READ ============================================== >> $DBG
return
fi
#echo Threads COMPLETE $COMPLETE >> $DBG
if [ $COMPLETE -lt 100 ];then
AVGTHREAD=$(echo "$SCALE;$MAXTHREADDUR/2"|bc)
else
ELAPSED=$[$(date +%s)-$START]
#echo Elapsed Time $ELAPSED >> $DBG
AVGTHREAD=$(echo "$SCALE;$ELAPSED/$COMPLETE*$THREADLIMIT"|bc)
fi
echo AVGTHREAD Duration is $AVGTHREAD >> $DBG
#calculate timing to achieve spawning each workers fast enough
# to utilize threadlimit - average time it takes to complete one thread / max number of threads
TPS=$(echo "$SCALE;($AVGTHREAD/$THREADLIMIT)*$SPEEDFACTOR"|bc)
#TPS=$(echo "$SCALE;$AVGTHREAD/$THREADLIMIT"|bc) # maintains pretty good
#echo TPS $TPS >> $DBG
}
function plot()
{
echo -en \\033[${2}\;${1}H
if [ -n "$3" ];then
if [[ $4 = "good" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;32m"
elif [[ $4 = "warn" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;33m"
elif [[ $4 = "fail" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;31m"
elif [[ $4 = "crit" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;31;4m"
fi
fi
echo -n "$3"
echo -en "\\033[0;39m"
}
trackthread() #displays thread status
{
WORKERID=$1
THREADID=$2
ACTION=$3 #setactive | setfree | update
AGE=$4
TS=$(date +%s)
COL=$[(($WORKERID-1)/50)*40]
ROW=$[(($WORKERID-1)%50)+1]
case $ACTION in
"setactive" )
touch /tmp/$ME.$F1$WORKERID #redundant - see main loop
#echo created file $ME.$F1$WORKERID >> $DBG
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: ACTIVE-TID:$THREADID INIT " good
;;
"update" )
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: ACTIVE-TID:$THREADID AGE:$AGE" warn
;;
"setfree" )
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: FREE " fail
rm /tmp/$ME.$F1$WORKERID
;;
* )
;;
esac
}
getfreeworkerid()
{
for i in $(seq 1 $[$THREADLIMIT+1])
do
if [ ! -e /tmp/$ME.$F1$i ];then
#echo "getfreeworkerid returned $i" >> $DBG
break
fi
done
if [ $i -eq $[$THREADLIMIT+1] ];then
#echo "no free threads" >> $DBG
echo 0
#exit
else
echo $i
fi
}
updateIPC()
{
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC) #read IPC
COMPLETE=$[$COMPLETE+1] #increment IPC
echo $COMPLETE > $IPC #write back to IPC
}
worker()
{
WORKERID=$1
THREADID=$2
#echo "new worker WORKERID:$WORKERID THREADID:$THREADID" >> $DBG
#accessing common terminal requires critical blocking section
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID setactive
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
let "RND = $RANDOM % $MAXTHREADDUR +1"
for s in $(seq 1 $RND) #simulate random lifespan
do
sleep 1;
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID update $s
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
done
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID setfree
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
(flock -x -w 10 201
updateIPC
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
}
threadcount()
{
TC=$(ls /tmp/$ME.$F1* 2> /dev/null | wc -l)
#echo threadcount is $TC >> $DBG
THREADCOUNT=$TC
echo $TC
}
status()
{
#summary status line
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC)
plot 1 $[$THREADLIMIT+2] "WORKERS $(threadcount)/$THREADLIMIT SPAWNED $SPAWNED/$SPAWN COMPLETE $COMPLETE/$SPAWN SF=$SPEEDFACTOR TIMING=$TPS"
echo -en '\033[K' #clear to end of line
}
function main()
{
while [ $SPAWNED -lt $SPAWN ]
do
while [ $(threadcount) -lt $THREADLIMIT ] && [ $SPAWNED -lt $SPAWN ]
do
WID=$(getfreeworkerid)
worker $WID $SPAWNED &
touch /tmp/$ME.$F1$WID #if this loops faster than file creation in the worker thread it steps on itself, thread tracking is best in main loop
SPAWNED=$[$SPAWNED+1]
(flock -x -w 10 201
status
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
sleep $TPS
if ((! $[$SPAWNED%100]));then
#rethink thread timing every 100 threads
threadspeed
fi
done
sleep $TPS
done
while [ "$(threadcount)" -gt 0 ]
do
(flock -x -w 10 201
status
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
sleep 1;
done
status
}
clear
threadspeed
main
wait
status
echo
是的，试试这个，我想你会喜欢的。尝试根据您的参数调整THREADLIMIT和MAXTHREADDUR
这个程序实际上应该被称为进程生成管理器，但这只是因为BASH在使用符号fork时的工作方式，它使用fork（）或clone（）系统调用将克隆到单独的内存空间中，而不是像pthread_create（）那样共享内存。如果BASH支持后者，那么每个“执行序列”的操作都将是相同的，可以称为传统线程，同时获得更高效的内存占用。然而，在功能上，它的工作原理是相同的，尽管有点困难，因为全局变量在每个工作克隆中都不可用，因此使用进程间通信文件和基本的集群信号来管理关键部分。从BASH中分叉当然是这里的基本答案，但我觉得人们似乎知道这一点，但他们真的希望管理产生的东西，而不是仅仅分叉然后忘记它。这演示了一种管理多达200个分叉进程实例的方法，这些分叉进程都访问单个资源。我希望你喜欢它，我喜欢写它
#!/bin/bash
ME=$(basename $0)
IPC="/tmp/$ME.ipc" #interprocess communication file (global thread accounting stats)
DBG=/tmp/$ME.log
echo 0 > $IPC #initalize counter
F1=thread
SPAWNED=0
COMPLETE=0
SPAWN=10000 #number of jobs to process
SPEEDFACTOR=1 #dynamically compensates for execution time
THREADLIMIT=200 #maximum concurrent threads
TPS=1 #threads per second delay
THREADCOUNT=0 #number of running threads
SCALE="scale=5" #controls bc's precision
START=$(date +%s) #whence we began
MAXTHREADDUR=30 #maximum thread life span - demo mode
LOWER=$[$THREADLIMIT*100*90/10000] #90% worker utilization threshold
UPPER=$[$THREADLIMIT*100*95/10000] #95% worker utilization threshold
DELTA=10 #initial percent speed change
threadspeed() #dynamically adjust spawn rate based on worker utilization
{
#vaguely assumes thread execution average will be consistent
THREADCOUNT=$(threadcount)
if [ $THREADCOUNT -ge $LOWER ] && [ $THREADCOUNT -le $UPPER ] ;then
echo SPEED HOLD >> $DBG
return
elif [ $THREADCOUNT -lt $LOWER ] ;then
#if maxthread is free speed up
SPEEDFACTOR=$(echo "$SCALE;$SPEEDFACTOR*(1-($DELTA/100))"|bc)
echo SPEED UP $DELTA%>> $DBG
elif [ $THREADCOUNT -gt $UPPER ];then
#if maxthread is active then slow down
SPEEDFACTOR=$(echo "$SCALE;$SPEEDFACTOR*(1+($DELTA/100))"|bc)
DELTA=1 #begin fine grain control
echo SLOW DOWN $DELTA%>> $DBG
fi
echo SPEEDFACTOR $SPEEDFACTOR >> $DBG
#average thread duration (total elapsed time / number of threads completed)
#if threads completed is zero (less than 100), default to maxdelay/2 maxthreads
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC)
if [ -z $COMPLETE ];then
echo BAD IPC READ ============================================== >> $DBG
return
fi
#echo Threads COMPLETE $COMPLETE >> $DBG
if [ $COMPLETE -lt 100 ];then
AVGTHREAD=$(echo "$SCALE;$MAXTHREADDUR/2"|bc)
else
ELAPSED=$[$(date +%s)-$START]
#echo Elapsed Time $ELAPSED >> $DBG
AVGTHREAD=$(echo "$SCALE;$ELAPSED/$COMPLETE*$THREADLIMIT"|bc)
fi
echo AVGTHREAD Duration is $AVGTHREAD >> $DBG
#calculate timing to achieve spawning each workers fast enough
# to utilize threadlimit - average time it takes to complete one thread / max number of threads
TPS=$(echo "$SCALE;($AVGTHREAD/$THREADLIMIT)*$SPEEDFACTOR"|bc)
#TPS=$(echo "$SCALE;$AVGTHREAD/$THREADLIMIT"|bc) # maintains pretty good
#echo TPS $TPS >> $DBG
}
function plot()
{
echo -en \\033[${2}\;${1}H
if [ -n "$3" ];then
if [[ $4 = "good" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;32m"
elif [[ $4 = "warn" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;33m"
elif [[ $4 = "fail" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;31m"
elif [[ $4 = "crit" ]];then
echo -en "\\033[1;31;4m"
fi
fi
echo -n "$3"
echo -en "\\033[0;39m"
}
trackthread() #displays thread status
{
WORKERID=$1
THREADID=$2
ACTION=$3 #setactive | setfree | update
AGE=$4
TS=$(date +%s)
COL=$[(($WORKERID-1)/50)*40]
ROW=$[(($WORKERID-1)%50)+1]
case $ACTION in
"setactive" )
touch /tmp/$ME.$F1$WORKERID #redundant - see main loop
#echo created file $ME.$F1$WORKERID >> $DBG
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: ACTIVE-TID:$THREADID INIT " good
;;
"update" )
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: ACTIVE-TID:$THREADID AGE:$AGE" warn
;;
"setfree" )
plot $COL $ROW "Worker$WORKERID: FREE " fail
rm /tmp/$ME.$F1$WORKERID
;;
* )
;;
esac
}
getfreeworkerid()
{
for i in $(seq 1 $[$THREADLIMIT+1])
do
if [ ! -e /tmp/$ME.$F1$i ];then
#echo "getfreeworkerid returned $i" >> $DBG
break
fi
done
if [ $i -eq $[$THREADLIMIT+1] ];then
#echo "no free threads" >> $DBG
echo 0
#exit
else
echo $i
fi
}
updateIPC()
{
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC) #read IPC
COMPLETE=$[$COMPLETE+1] #increment IPC
echo $COMPLETE > $IPC #write back to IPC
}
worker()
{
WORKERID=$1
THREADID=$2
#echo "new worker WORKERID:$WORKERID THREADID:$THREADID" >> $DBG
#accessing common terminal requires critical blocking section
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID setactive
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
let "RND = $RANDOM % $MAXTHREADDUR +1"
for s in $(seq 1 $RND) #simulate random lifespan
do
sleep 1;
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID update $s
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
done
(flock -x -w 10 201
trackthread $WORKERID $THREADID setfree
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
(flock -x -w 10 201
updateIPC
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
}
threadcount()
{
TC=$(ls /tmp/$ME.$F1* 2> /dev/null | wc -l)
#echo threadcount is $TC >> $DBG
THREADCOUNT=$TC
echo $TC
}
status()
{
#summary status line
COMPLETE=$(cat $IPC)
plot 1 $[$THREADLIMIT+2] "WORKERS $(threadcount)/$THREADLIMIT SPAWNED $SPAWNED/$SPAWN COMPLETE $COMPLETE/$SPAWN SF=$SPEEDFACTOR TIMING=$TPS"
echo -en '\033[K' #clear to end of line
}
function main()
{
while [ $SPAWNED -lt $SPAWN ]
do
while [ $(threadcount) -lt $THREADLIMIT ] && [ $SPAWNED -lt $SPAWN ]
do
WID=$(getfreeworkerid)
worker $WID $SPAWNED &
touch /tmp/$ME.$F1$WID #if this loops faster than file creation in the worker thread it steps on itself, thread tracking is best in main loop
SPAWNED=$[$SPAWNED+1]
(flock -x -w 10 201
status
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
sleep $TPS
if ((! $[$SPAWNED%100]));then
#rethink thread timing every 100 threads
threadspeed
fi
done
sleep $TPS
done
while [ "$(threadcount)" -gt 0 ]
do
(flock -x -w 10 201
status
)201>/tmp/$ME.lock
sleep 1;
done
status
}
clear
threadspeed
main
wait
status
echo
欢迎来到堆栈溢出！请阅读我们的文章，以帮助您提出一个好问题，从而得到一个好答案。您可以使用parallel
、sem
或xargs-P
。您知道GNUparallel
和xargs
的-P
选项吗？还是你真的想自己写？祝你好运@Sheller我更喜欢写它，之前忘了提到它。下面是一些其他人试图重新发明这个轮子的问题：，（忽略使用xargs/parallel的简单而有力的答案）欢迎使用堆栈溢出！请阅读我们的文章，以帮助您提出一个好问题，从而得到一个好答案。您可以使用parallel
、sem
或xargs-P
。您知道GNUparallel
和xargs
的-P
选项吗？还是你真的想自己写？祝你好运@Sheller我更喜欢写它，之前忘了提到它。下面是一些其他人试图重新发明这个轮子的问题：，（忽略使用xargs/parallel的简单而有力的答案）