Manpage set-e和set-a在bash中的作用是什么？我可以在set命令中使用哪些其他选项

我想知道下面的命令在bash中的作用

• set-e
• 集-a

我可以使用set的其他选项有哪些？它们的含义是什么。

来自：

-标记为导出到后续命令环境而修改或创建的变量和函数

-e如果管道（见管道）可能由单个简单命令（见简单命令）、列表（见列表）组成，则立即退出， 或复合命令（请参见复合命令）返回非零 地位如果失败的命令是命令的一部分，则shell不会退出 紧跟while或until关键字part之后的命令列表 在if语句中执行的任何命令的一部分&& 或| | |列表，除了最后的&&或| |后面的命令之外，任何 命令位于管道中，但为最后一个命令，或者如果命令的返回状态为 正在用“”反转！。如果是子shell以外的复合命令 返回非零状态，因为在执行-e时命令失败 如果忽略，则外壳不会退出。如果设置了错误，则执行错误陷阱 在外壳退出之前

此选项适用于shell环境和每个子shell 环境（请参见命令执行环境），并且可能 使子shell在执行中的所有命令之前退出 地下室

如果复合命令或shell函数在-e的上下文中执行 被忽略时，在化合物内执行的任何命令 命令或函数体将受到-e设置的影响，即使 -设置e，命令返回故障状态。如果在以下上下文中执行复合命令或shell函数时设置-e -如果忽略e，则在复合命令或包含函数调用的命令之前，该设置将不会有任何效果 完成

尝试运行：

help set

输出为：

set: set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [--] [arg ...]
    Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.

    Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
    display the names and values of shell variables.

    Options:
      -a  Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
      -b  Notify of job termination immediately.
      -e  Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
      -f  Disable file name generation (globbing).
      -h  Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.
      -k  All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a
          command, not just those that precede the command name.
      -m  Job control is enabled.
      -n  Read commands but do not execute them.
      -o option-name
          Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
              allexport    same as -a
              braceexpand  same as -B
              emacs        use an emacs-style line editing interface
              errexit      same as -e
              errtrace     same as -E
              functrace    same as -T
              hashall      same as -h
              histexpand   same as -H
              history      enable command history
              ignoreeof    the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
              interactive-comments
                           allow comments to appear in interactive commands
              keyword      same as -k
              monitor      same as -m
              noclobber    same as -C
              noexec       same as -n
              noglob       same as -f
              nolog        currently accepted but ignored
              notify       same as -b
              nounset      same as -u
              onecmd       same as -t
              physical     same as -P
              pipefail     the return value of a pipeline is the status of
                           the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
                           or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
              posix        change the behavior of bash where the default
                           operation differs from the Posix standard to
                           match the standard
              privileged   same as -p
              verbose      same as -v
              vi           use a vi-style line editing interface
              xtrace       same as -x
      -p  Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
          Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
          functions.  Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
          gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
      -t  Exit after reading and executing one command.
      -u  Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
      -v  Print shell input lines as they are read.
      -x  Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
      -B  the shell will perform brace expansion
      -C  If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
          by redirection of output.
      -E  If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.
      -H  Enable ! style history substitution.  This flag is on
          by default when the shell is interactive.
      -P  If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands
          such as cd which change the current directory.
      -T  If set, the DEBUG trap is inherited by shell functions.
      --  Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
          If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters
          are unset.
      -   Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
          The -x and -v options are turned off.

    Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off.  The
    flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell.  The current
    set of flags may be found in $-.  The remaining n ARGs are positional
    parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n.  If no
    ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.

    Exit Status:
    Returns success unless an invalid option is given.

---

我发现set-e表示在非零状态下退出。现在需要知道-a选项的含义。您是否尝试过

手动设置

？它将带您进入列出bash内置项的手册页，其中有一节解释了

set

的所有选项。请运行

manbash

以找到答案。@Tom，我想您的意思是

帮助集

？这里（Debian），没有

set

手册页。

man-set

在我的一台Jessie机器上工作，但在另一台机器上没有。我检查了一下，发现手册页在（可选）

manpages-posix

包中<代码>帮助集当然是Bash内置的，因此始终可用。更新的文档有更好的解释：-a为创建或修改的每个变量或函数指定导出属性，并标记为导出到后续命令的环境中。”