Opengl 使用着色器的程序旋转立方体不工作
在翻译OpenGL SuperBible第七版的旋转立方体示例应用程序时，我遇到了一个障碍。我认为这与我如何提供顶点数据有关，因为立方体根本没有被显示 搜索行“vao=glgenvertexarray（）；”，以找到我认为相关部分的起始位置 以下是节目的全部内容。这里还有一个指向github上此程序的链接。下面是我试图翻译的版本的链接： 此处的顶点着色器（vert.glsl）仅供参考： 和片段着色器（frag.glsl）：Opengl 使用着色器的程序旋转立方体不工作,opengl,lwjgl,Opengl,Lwjgl,在翻译OpenGL SuperBible第七版的旋转立方体示例应用程序时，我遇到了一个障碍。我认为这与我如何提供顶点数据有关，因为立方体根本没有被显示 搜索行“vao=glgenvertexarray（）；”，以找到我认为相关部分的起始位置 以下是节目的全部内容。这里还有一个指向github上此程序的链接。下面是我试图翻译的版本的链接： 此处的顶点着色器（vert.glsl）仅供参考： 和片段着色器（frag.glsl）： 好的，如果您已经成功地从superbible第7版的github句柄构建
好的，如果您已经成功地从superbible第7版的github句柄构建了项目，并且运行spinnycube_d.exe会给您一个空白的绿色屏幕，然后尝试调整窗口大小，您现在就可以看到旋转立方体了。这是因为proj_矩阵（投影矩阵）的第一个赋值位于onResize（）函数中，并且只有在运行时调整窗口大小至少一次时才会调用此函数，但在此之前，proj_矩阵是未初始化的，因此它由零（作为垃圾值）组成。 现在，如果要解决此问题，我们需要在startup（）函数中初始化此proj_矩阵，因此将此语句放置在startup（）函数中： 项目矩阵=vmath:：透视图（50.0f，（浮动）（800/600），0.1f，1000.0f）；
现在重建项目，运行sinnycube_d.exe文件，您现在可以看到多维数据集（无需调整大小）。我不熟悉您的代码，这有点奇怪
glDepthFunc（GL_LEQUAL）尝试用always替换它，最后我不确定是否在着色器中获得任何alpha，请尝试首先返回纯色color=vec4（1.0f，0.0f，0.0f，1.0f）您正在使用按时钟剔除，但您的顶点定义为按计数器时钟剔除。尝试将其更改为glFrontFace（GL_CCW）。此外，检查glGetError（）
中是否有任何错误，以了解是否有您遗漏的故障。
package com.openglsb;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.joml.Matrix4f;
import org.joml.Vector3f;
import org.lwjgl.BufferUtils;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.Callbacks.glfwFreeCallbacks;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_FALSE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_RELEASE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_RESIZABLE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_TRUE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.GLFW_VISIBLE;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwCreateWindow;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwDefaultWindowHints;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwDestroyWindow;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwGetPrimaryMonitor;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwGetVideoMode;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwGetWindowSize;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwInit;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwMakeContextCurrent;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwPollEvents;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSetErrorCallback;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSetKeyCallback;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSetWindowPos;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSetWindowShouldClose;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwShowWindow;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSwapBuffers;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwSwapInterval;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwTerminate;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwWindowHint;
import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.glfwWindowShouldClose;
import org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFWErrorCallback;
import org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFWVidMode;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_COLOR;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_CULL_FACE;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_CW;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_DEPTH;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_DEPTH_TEST;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_FLOAT;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_LEQUAL;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_TRIANGLES;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_VERSION;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glDepthFunc;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glDrawArrays;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glEnable;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glFrontFace;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glGetString;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glViewport;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.GL_LINK_STATUS;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.GL_VALIDATE_STATUS;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glAttachShader;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glCompileShader;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glCreateProgram;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glCreateShader;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glDeleteProgram;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glDeleteShader;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glGetProgramInfoLog;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glGetProgrami;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glGetShaderInfoLog;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glGetShaderi;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glGetUniformLocation;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glLinkProgram;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glShaderSource;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glUniformMatrix4fv;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glUseProgram;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glValidateProgram;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20.glVertexAttribPointer;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30.glBindVertexArray;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30.glClearBufferfv;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30.glDeleteVertexArrays;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30.glGenVertexArrays;
import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryStack;
import static org.lwjgl.system.MemoryStack.stackPush;
import static org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil.NULL;
public class Ch5SpinningCube {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Ch5SpinningCube app = new Ch5SpinningCube();
app.run();
}
private long window;
private int program;
private int vao;
private int buffer;
private int mv_location;
private int proj_location;
//private float aspect;
private final FloatBuffer proj_matrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16);
static float vertex_positions[]
= {
-0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, -0.25f,
-0.25f, -0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f,
-0.25f, 0.25f, -0.25f
};
private void init() {
GLFWErrorCallback.createPrint(System.err).set();
if (!glfwInit()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to initialize GLFW");
}
// Configure GLFW
glfwDefaultWindowHints(); // optional, the current window hints are already the default
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_VISIBLE, GLFW_FALSE); // the window will stay hidden after creation
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GLFW_TRUE); // the window will be resizable
// Create the window
window = glfwCreateWindow(300, 300, "Hello World!", NULL, NULL);
if (window == NULL) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create the GLFW window");
}
// Setup a key callback. It will be called every time a key is pressed, repeated or released.
glfwSetKeyCallback(window, (window, key, scancode, action, mods) -> {
if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_RELEASE) {
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true); // We will detect this in the rendering loop
}
});
// Get the thread stack and push a new frame
try (MemoryStack stack = stackPush()) {
IntBuffer pWidth = stack.mallocInt(1); // int*
IntBuffer pHeight = stack.mallocInt(1); // int*
glfwGetWindowSize(window, pWidth, pHeight);// Get the window size passed to glfwCreateWindow
GLFWVidMode vidmode = glfwGetVideoMode(glfwGetPrimaryMonitor()); // Get the resolution of the primary monitor
glfwSetWindowPos(// Center the window
window,
(vidmode.width() - pWidth.get(0)) / 2,
(vidmode.height() - pHeight.get(0)) / 2
);
} // the stack frame is popped automatically
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);// Make the OpenGL context current
glfwSwapInterval(1); // Enable v-sync
// Make the window visible
glfwShowWindow(window);
GL.createCapabilities();//Critical
System.out.println("OpenGL Verion: " + glGetString(GL_VERSION));
this.compileShader();
mv_location = glGetUniformLocation(program, "mv_matrix");
proj_location = glGetUniformLocation(program, "proj_matrix");
vao = glGenVertexArrays();
glBindVertexArray(vao);
buffer = GL15.glGenBuffers();
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer);
GL15.glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,
vertex_positions,
GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, false, 0, NULL);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
glFrontFace(GL_CW);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
}
public void run() {
init();
loop();
glfwFreeCallbacks(window);
glfwDestroyWindow(window);
// Terminate GLFW and free the error callback
glfwTerminate();
glfwSetErrorCallback(null).free();
}
private void loop() {
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
final float green[] = {0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
final float one[] = {1.0f};
IntBuffer w = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(1);
IntBuffer h = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(1);
glfwGetWindowSize(window, w, h);
int width = w.get(0);
int height = h.get(0);
float aspect = (float) width / (float) height;
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
new Matrix4f()
.perspective((float) Math.toRadians(50.0f), aspect, 0.01f, 1000.0f)
.lookAt(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f).set(this.proj_matrix);
double curTime = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000.0;
float t = (float) curTime * 0.3f;//assigned direcly but I was applying a factor here
glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, green);
glClearBufferfv(GL_DEPTH, 0, one);
glUseProgram(program);
glUniformMatrix4fv(proj_location, false, proj_matrix);
FloatBuffer mv_matrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16);
new Matrix4f().translate(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f))
.translate(
new Vector3f(
(float) Math.sin(2.1 * t) * 0.5f,
(float) Math.cos(1.7 * t) * 0.5f,
(float) Math.sin(1.3 * t)
* (float) Math.cos(1.5 * t) * 2.0f)
)
.rotate((float) Math.toRadians(45.0f) * t, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)
.rotate((float) Math.toRadians(81.0f) * t, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f)
.set(mv_matrix);
glUniformMatrix4fv(mv_location, false, mv_matrix);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
glfwSwapBuffers(window); // swap the color buffers
glfwPollEvents();
}
glDeleteVertexArrays(vao);
glDeleteProgram(program);
}
private String readFileAsString(String filename) {
String next = new Scanner(Ch5SpinningCube.class.getResourceAsStream(filename), "UTF-8").useDelimiter("\\A").next();
System.out.println("readFileAsString: " + next);
return next;
}
private void compileShader() {
int vertex_shader = createShader("/vert.glsl", GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
checkShader(vertex_shader);
int fragment_shader = createShader("/frag.glsl", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
checkShader(fragment_shader);
program = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(program, vertex_shader);
glAttachShader(program, fragment_shader);
glLinkProgram(program);
//check link
if (glGetProgrami(program, GL_LINK_STATUS) != 1) {
System.err.println(glGetProgramInfoLog(program));
System.exit(1);
}
glValidateProgram(program);
if (glGetProgrami(program, GL_VALIDATE_STATUS) != 1) {
System.err.println(glGetProgramInfoLog(program));
System.exit(1);
}
//delete shaders as the program has them now
glDeleteShader(vertex_shader);
glDeleteShader(fragment_shader);
}
public int createShader(final String path, final int shaderType) {
String shaderSource = readFileAsString(path);
int shader_id = glCreateShader(shaderType);
glShaderSource(shader_id, shaderSource);
glCompileShader(shader_id);
return shader_id;
}
public void checkShader(final int shaderId) {
if (glGetShaderi(shaderId, GL_COMPILE_STATUS) != 1) {
System.err.println(glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderId));
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
#version 410 core
in vec4 position;
out VS_OUT {
vec4 color;
} vs_out;
uniform mat4 mv_matrix;
uniform mat4 proj_matrix;
void main(void)
{
gl_Position = proj_matrix * mv_matrix * position;
vs_out.color = position * 2.0 + vec4(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.0);
}
#version 410 core
out vec4 color;
in VS_OUT {
vec4 color;
} fs_in;
void main(void) {
color = fs_in.color;
}