Openssl 将pem密钥转换为ssh rsa格式
我有一个Openssl 将pem密钥转换为ssh rsa格式,openssl,openssh,Openssl,Openssh,我有一个der格式的证书,通过此命令我可以从中生成一个公钥: openssl x509 -inform der -in ejbcacert.cer -noout -pubkey > pub1key.pub 其结果是: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC7vbqajDw4o6gJy8UtmIbkcpnk O3Kwc4qsEnSZp/TR+fQi62F79RHWmwKOtFmwteURgLbj7
der
格式的证书,通过此命令我可以从中生成一个公钥:
openssl x509 -inform der -in ejbcacert.cer -noout -pubkey > pub1key.pub
其结果是:
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC7vbqajDw4o6gJy8UtmIbkcpnk
O3Kwc4qsEnSZp/TR+fQi62F79RHWmwKOtFmwteURgLbj7D/WGuNLGOfa/2vse3G2
eHnHl5CB8ruRX9fBl/KgwCVr2JaEuUm66bBQeP5XeBotdR4cvX38uPYivCDdPjJ1
QWPdspTBKcxeFbccDwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
如何获得这样的公钥?从证书或
从这个公钥
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAAAgQC7vbqajDw4o6gJy8UtmIbkcpnkO3Kwc4qsEnSZp/TR+fQi62F79RHWmwKOtFmwteURgLbj7D/WGuNLGOfa/2vse3G2eHnHl5CB8ruRX9fBl/KgwCVr2JaEuUm66bBQeP5XeBotdR4cvX38uPYivCDdPjJ1QWPdspTBKcxeFbccDw==
这是通过以下命令获得的:
ssh-keygen -y -f private_key1.pem > public_key1.pub
为了回答我自己的问题,在openssl邮件列表上发布后,我得到以下信息: 下面是将OpenSSL公钥转换为OpenSSH公钥的C代码。 您可以从中获取代码并自己编译:
static unsigned char pSshHeader[11] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x73, 0x73, 0x68, 0x2D, 0x72, 0x73, 0x61};
static int SshEncodeBuffer(unsigned char *pEncoding, int bufferLen, unsigned char* pBuffer)
{
int adjustedLen = bufferLen, index;
if (*pBuffer & 0x80)
{
adjustedLen++;
pEncoding[4] = 0;
index = 5;
}
else
{
index = 4;
}
pEncoding[0] = (unsigned char) (adjustedLen >> 24);
pEncoding[1] = (unsigned char) (adjustedLen >> 16);
pEncoding[2] = (unsigned char) (adjustedLen >> 8);
pEncoding[3] = (unsigned char) (adjustedLen );
memcpy(&pEncoding[index], pBuffer, bufferLen);
return index + bufferLen;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
int iRet = 0;
int nLen = 0, eLen = 0;
int encodingLength = 0;
int index = 0;
unsigned char *nBytes = NULL, *eBytes = NULL;
unsigned char* pEncoding = NULL;
FILE* pFile = NULL;
EVP_PKEY *pPubKey = NULL;
RSA* pRsa = NULL;
BIO *bio, *b64;
ERR_load_crypto_strings();
OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
if (argc != 3)
{
printf("usage: %s public_key_file_name ssh_key_description\n", argv[0]);
iRet = 1;
goto error;
}
pFile = fopen(argv[1], "rt");
if (!pFile)
{
printf("Failed to open the given file\n");
iRet = 2;
goto error;
}
pPubKey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(pFile, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (!pPubKey)
{
printf("Unable to decode public key from the given file: %s\n", ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
iRet = 3;
goto error;
}
if (EVP_PKEY_type(pPubKey->type) != EVP_PKEY_RSA)
{
printf("Only RSA public keys are currently supported\n");
iRet = 4;
goto error;
}
pRsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pPubKey);
if (!pRsa)
{
printf("Failed to get RSA public key : %s\n", ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
iRet = 5;
goto error;
}
// reading the modulus
nLen = BN_num_bytes(pRsa->n);
nBytes = (unsigned char*) malloc(nLen);
BN_bn2bin(pRsa->n, nBytes);
// reading the public exponent
eLen = BN_num_bytes(pRsa->e);
eBytes = (unsigned char*) malloc(eLen);
BN_bn2bin(pRsa->e, eBytes);
encodingLength = 11 + 4 + eLen + 4 + nLen;
// correct depending on the MSB of e and N
if (eBytes[0] & 0x80)
encodingLength++;
if (nBytes[0] & 0x80)
encodingLength++;
pEncoding = (unsigned char*) malloc(encodingLength);
memcpy(pEncoding, pSshHeader, 11);
index = SshEncodeBuffer(&pEncoding[11], eLen, eBytes);
index = SshEncodeBuffer(&pEncoding[11 + index], nLen, nBytes);
b64 = BIO_new(BIO_f_base64());
BIO_set_flags(b64, BIO_FLAGS_BASE64_NO_NL);
bio = BIO_new_fp(stdout, BIO_NOCLOSE);
BIO_printf(bio, "ssh-rsa ");
bio = BIO_push(b64, bio);
BIO_write(bio, pEncoding, encodingLength);
BIO_flush(bio);
bio = BIO_pop(b64);
BIO_printf(bio, " %s\n", argv[2]);
BIO_flush(bio);
BIO_free_all(bio);
BIO_free(b64);
error:
if (pFile)
fclose(pFile);
if (pRsa)
RSA_free(pRsa);
if (pPubKey)
EVP_PKEY_free(pPubKey);
if (nBytes)
free(nBytes);
if (eBytes)
free(eBytes);
if (pEncoding)
free(pEncoding);
EVP_cleanup();
ERR_free_strings();
return iRet;
}
不需要编译东西。您可以对ssh-keygen执行相同的操作:
ssh-keygen -f pub1key.pub -i
将从pub1key.pub
读取openssl格式的公钥,并以OpenSSH格式输出
注意:在某些情况下,您需要指定输入格式:
ssh-keygen -f pub1key.pub -i -mPKCS8
从ssh-keygen文档(从man-ssh-keygen):
-m键_格式为-i(导入)或-e(导出)转换选项指定键格式。支持的密钥格式有:“RFC4716”(RFC 4716/SSH2公钥或私钥)、“PKCS8”(PEM PKCS8公钥)或“PEM”(PEM公钥)。默认转换格式为“RFC4716”
我和你一起去的
ssh-keygen-i-f$sshkeysfile>>授权密钥
以下脚本将获取base64编码的DER格式的ci.jenkins-ci.org公钥证书,并将其转换为OpenSSH公钥文件。这段代码假设使用了2048位RSA密钥,并从Ian Boyd的密码中提取了很多信息。我已经在Jenkins wiki的评论中详细解释了它的工作原理
echo -n "ssh-rsa " > jenkins.pub
curl -sfI https://ci.jenkins-ci.org/ | grep -i X-Instance-Identity | tr -d \\r | cut -d\ -f2 | base64 -d | dd bs=1 skip=32 count=257 status=none | xxd -p -c257 | sed s/^/00000007\ 7373682d727361\ 00000003\ 010001\ 00000101\ / | xxd -p -r | base64 -w0 >> jenkins.pub
echo >> jenkins.pub
不需要脚本或其他“技巧”:
openssl
和ssh-keygen
就足够了。我假设密钥没有密码(这很糟糕)
生成RSA对
以下所有方法都提供相同格式的RSA密钥对
genrsa
bygenpkey
中,这是一种新的方法():
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048 -f dummy-ssh-keygen.pem -N '' -C "Test Key"
openssl genpkey -algorithm RSA -out genpkey-dummy.cer -outform DER -pkeyopt rsa_keygen_bits:2048
转换:
openssl rsa -inform DER -outform PEM -in genpkey-dummy.cer -out dummy-der2pem.pem
从PEM格式的RSA对中提取公钥
openssl rsa -in dummy-xxx.pem -pubout
[user@test1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release ; uname -a ; openssl version
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Linux test1.example.local 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
参考资料:
cat
,grep
,tr
,dd
,xxd
,sed
,xargs
,uuidgen
,base64
,openssl
(1.0+),当然还有bash
。除了openssl
(包含base64
)之外,几乎可以保证在任何现代Linux系统上都是基本安装的一部分,除了xxd
(Fedora在vim common
包中显示)。如果有人想把它清理干净,让它变得更好,请注意莱克托
#!/bin/bash
#
# Extract a valid SSH format public key from an X509 public certificate.
#
# Variables:
pubFile=$1
fileType="no"
pkEightTypeFile="$pubFile"
tmpFile="/tmp/`uuidgen`-pkEightTypeFile.pk8"
# See if a file was passed:
[ ! -f "$pubFile" ] && echo "Error, bad or no input file $pubFile." && exit 1
# If it is a PEM format X.509 public cert, set $fileType appropriately:
pemCertType="X$(file $pubFile | grep 'PEM certificate')"
[ "$pemCertType" != "X" ] && fileType="PEM"
# If it is an OpenSSL PEM-format PKCS#8-style public key, set $fileType appropriately:
pkEightType="X$(grep -e '-BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-' $pubFile)"
[ "$pkEightType" != "X" ] && fileType="PKCS"
# If this is a file we can't recognise, try to decode a (binary) DER-format X.509 cert:
if [ "$fileType" = "no" ]; then
openssl x509 -in $pubFile -inform DER -noout
derResult=$(echo $?)
[ "$derResult" = "0" ] && fileType="DER"
fi
# Exit if not detected as a file we can use:
[ "$fileType" = "no" ] && echo "Error, input file not of type X.509 public certificate or OpenSSL PKCS#8-style public key (not encrypted)." && exit 1
# Convert the X.509 public cert to an OpenSSL PEM-format PKCS#8-style public key:
if [ "$fileType" = "PEM" -o "$fileType" = "DER" ]; then
openssl x509 -in $pubFile -inform $fileType -noout -pubkey > $tmpFile
pkEightTypeFile="$tmpFile"
fi
# Build the string:
# Front matter:
frontString="$(echo -en 'ssh-rsa ')"
# Encoded modulus and exponent, with appropriate pointers:
encodedModulus="$(cat $pkEightTypeFile | grep -v -e "----" | tr -d '\n' | base64 -d | dd bs=1 skip=32 count=257 status=none | xxd -p -c257 | sed s/^/00000007\ 7373682d727361\ 00000003\ 010001\ 00000101\ / | xxd -p -r | base64 -w0 )"
# Add a comment string based on the filename, just to be nice:
commentString=" $(echo $pubFile | xargs basename | sed -e 's/\.crt\|\.cer\|\.pem\|\.pk8\|\.der//')"
# Give the user a string:
echo $frontString $encodedModulus $commentString
# cleanup:
rm -f $tmpFile
如果有人想知道如何编译这个(我是),下面是编译器调用:gcc-o pubkey2ssh pubkey2ssh.c-lcrypton从哪里获取argv[2](ssh_key_description)。。。我只有一个------BEGIN RSA公钥------MIGJAoGBAMC62xWiOZYlhUhmk+jesy5ezungugog9kshumn67ibnzlesr2qn44j1b totzruessakxu7alfljvu5asgbuvin3dusal5szjtf9vzgjhsvycortchc1tui wmawfv2bltmk4zbec33rieblex8trphp3ybimtzqv81zrzhzbsnbaae=----结束RSA公钥------它没有description@braden. 通常它只是密钥所有者的电子邮件地址。但是你可以在描述中放入你想要的任何东西。一个php实现opensshtopem这里来自@mkalkov的答案使用Linux命令行工具进行转换。它只需要删除带有标题的公钥pem文件,并将行合并为输入。ssh-keygen:非法选项--m问题是相反的。对于未来的web搜索者,如果这对你不起作用,那么原始问题中的注释对我起作用。在我的情况下,
-m PKCS8
是必需的$ssh keygen-f mykey.pub-i
key\u from\u blob:invalid format
解码blob失败。
您在“这是通过此命令获得的”中发布的方式比下面的任何答案更适合我。@YoavShipra。是的,但整个问题是,他只想使用公钥进行转换。也许他没有私钥,他只有公钥,想从PEM格式转换成ssh rsa格式。如果AWS提供了一个.PEM,你上面给出的命令ssh-keygen-y-f private_-key1.PEM>public_-key1.pub
对我来说非常有效。答案都错了。这是正确的:ssh-keygen-i-m PKCS8-f公钥。我们需要注意的是,pem密钥可以包含公钥或私钥,或者两者都包含;加密或不加密;加上各种格式。选项-m
的含义也与-i
/-e
不同。所以,我的朋友们,请确保你知道你想要什么和你拥有什么。:-)你为什么不相信维克托?差不多8个月前,他给了你同样的命令。@jww从维克多回复的编辑日志中,你可能会看到最初的答案有点不同,我想这就是原因了,omg这是最好的答案!而且它有效!(我只需将status=none替换为status=noxfer)。只需使用以“base64”开头的第二个命令,并在输入时为其提供一个PEM文件,去掉标题并将所有行连接成一行。谢谢你@mkalkov!注意:上面的命令假定为2048位密钥,如果给定不同大小的密钥,则无法正常工作。//,这是否实际生成ssh rsa
格式的密钥?很好的参考,顺便说一句@Nathanbassanese,是的(见“提取
ssh-keygen -y -f dummy-xxx.pem
[user@test1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release ; uname -a ; openssl version
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Linux test1.example.local 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
ssh-keygen -f private.pem -y > public.pub
ssh-keygen -i -m PKCS8 -f public-key.pem
#!/bin/bash
#
# Extract a valid SSH format public key from an X509 public certificate.
#
# Variables:
pubFile=$1
fileType="no"
pkEightTypeFile="$pubFile"
tmpFile="/tmp/`uuidgen`-pkEightTypeFile.pk8"
# See if a file was passed:
[ ! -f "$pubFile" ] && echo "Error, bad or no input file $pubFile." && exit 1
# If it is a PEM format X.509 public cert, set $fileType appropriately:
pemCertType="X$(file $pubFile | grep 'PEM certificate')"
[ "$pemCertType" != "X" ] && fileType="PEM"
# If it is an OpenSSL PEM-format PKCS#8-style public key, set $fileType appropriately:
pkEightType="X$(grep -e '-BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-' $pubFile)"
[ "$pkEightType" != "X" ] && fileType="PKCS"
# If this is a file we can't recognise, try to decode a (binary) DER-format X.509 cert:
if [ "$fileType" = "no" ]; then
openssl x509 -in $pubFile -inform DER -noout
derResult=$(echo $?)
[ "$derResult" = "0" ] && fileType="DER"
fi
# Exit if not detected as a file we can use:
[ "$fileType" = "no" ] && echo "Error, input file not of type X.509 public certificate or OpenSSL PKCS#8-style public key (not encrypted)." && exit 1
# Convert the X.509 public cert to an OpenSSL PEM-format PKCS#8-style public key:
if [ "$fileType" = "PEM" -o "$fileType" = "DER" ]; then
openssl x509 -in $pubFile -inform $fileType -noout -pubkey > $tmpFile
pkEightTypeFile="$tmpFile"
fi
# Build the string:
# Front matter:
frontString="$(echo -en 'ssh-rsa ')"
# Encoded modulus and exponent, with appropriate pointers:
encodedModulus="$(cat $pkEightTypeFile | grep -v -e "----" | tr -d '\n' | base64 -d | dd bs=1 skip=32 count=257 status=none | xxd -p -c257 | sed s/^/00000007\ 7373682d727361\ 00000003\ 010001\ 00000101\ / | xxd -p -r | base64 -w0 )"
# Add a comment string based on the filename, just to be nice:
commentString=" $(echo $pubFile | xargs basename | sed -e 's/\.crt\|\.cer\|\.pem\|\.pk8\|\.der//')"
# Give the user a string:
echo $frontString $encodedModulus $commentString
# cleanup:
rm -f $tmpFile