Python 3.7:通过Python套接字发送文件时出错

我想使用Python将数据发布到套接字。
我用Python 3.7编写了一个客户机/服务器程序，通过网络发送一个大型csv文件。客户机和服务器代码如下所示

示例文件：

$ cat datafile.csv
id,first_name,gender,car,money,city,country,jobtitle
1,Marline,Female,Ford,$4.94,Kanzaki,Japan,Food Chemist
2,Ker,Male,Lincoln,$3.46,Fort Beaufort,South Africa,Marketing Manager
3,Wallie,Male,Land Rover,$5.12,Eystur,Faroe Islands,Senior Quality Engineer
4,Deonne,Female,Ford,$9.72,Fontaínhas,Portugal,Social Worker
5,Barnaby,Male,Volkswagen,$0.60,Taoyuan,China,Web Developer I
6,Maximilian,Male,GMC,$1.19,Nowy Dwór Gdański,Poland,Engineer IV
7,Wake,Male,Buick,$5.08,Kazuno,Japan,Food Chemist
8,Truman,Male,Infiniti,$1.60,Içara,Brazil,Senior Quality Engineer
9,Mufi,Female,Ford,$7.55,Gununglajang,Indonesia,Actuary
10,Dniren,Female,Ford,$7.71,Yuyapichis,Peru,Software Consultant

$ cat client.py

import socket

HOST = 'server ip'        # The remote host
PORT = 42050              # The same port as used by the server
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
f = open('/home/vijee/data/datafile.csv', 'rb')
print "Sending Data ...."  
l = f.read()
while True:      
    for line in l:
        s.send(line)    
    break
f.close()
print "Sending Complete"
s.close()

$ cat server.py

import socket

HOST = 'local ip'         # server ip
PORT = 42050              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
print "Server running", HOST, PORT
s.listen(5)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print'Connected by', addr

while True:
    data = "".join(iter(lambda:conn.recv(1),"\n"))       
    print data   
    if not data: break                

print "Done Receiving"
conn.close()

下面是客户端-服务器程序：

$ cat datafile.csv
id,first_name,gender,car,money,city,country,jobtitle
1,Marline,Female,Ford,$4.94,Kanzaki,Japan,Food Chemist
2,Ker,Male,Lincoln,$3.46,Fort Beaufort,South Africa,Marketing Manager
3,Wallie,Male,Land Rover,$5.12,Eystur,Faroe Islands,Senior Quality Engineer
4,Deonne,Female,Ford,$9.72,Fontaínhas,Portugal,Social Worker
5,Barnaby,Male,Volkswagen,$0.60,Taoyuan,China,Web Developer I
6,Maximilian,Male,GMC,$1.19,Nowy Dwór Gdański,Poland,Engineer IV
7,Wake,Male,Buick,$5.08,Kazuno,Japan,Food Chemist
8,Truman,Male,Infiniti,$1.60,Içara,Brazil,Senior Quality Engineer
9,Mufi,Female,Ford,$7.55,Gununglajang,Indonesia,Actuary
10,Dniren,Female,Ford,$7.71,Yuyapichis,Peru,Software Consultant

$ cat client.py

import socket

HOST = 'server ip'        # The remote host
PORT = 42050              # The same port as used by the server
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
f = open('/home/vijee/data/datafile.csv', 'rb')
print "Sending Data ...."  
l = f.read()
while True:      
    for line in l:
        s.send(line)    
    break
f.close()
print "Sending Complete"
s.close()

$ cat server.py

import socket

HOST = 'local ip'         # server ip
PORT = 42050              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
print "Server running", HOST, PORT
s.listen(5)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print'Connected by', addr

while True:
    data = "".join(iter(lambda:conn.recv(1),"\n"))       
    print data   
    if not data: break                

print "Done Receiving"
conn.close()

客户端代码：

$ cat datafile.csv
id,first_name,gender,car,money,city,country,jobtitle
1,Marline,Female,Ford,$4.94,Kanzaki,Japan,Food Chemist
2,Ker,Male,Lincoln,$3.46,Fort Beaufort,South Africa,Marketing Manager
3,Wallie,Male,Land Rover,$5.12,Eystur,Faroe Islands,Senior Quality Engineer
4,Deonne,Female,Ford,$9.72,Fontaínhas,Portugal,Social Worker
5,Barnaby,Male,Volkswagen,$0.60,Taoyuan,China,Web Developer I
6,Maximilian,Male,GMC,$1.19,Nowy Dwór Gdański,Poland,Engineer IV
7,Wake,Male,Buick,$5.08,Kazuno,Japan,Food Chemist
8,Truman,Male,Infiniti,$1.60,Içara,Brazil,Senior Quality Engineer
9,Mufi,Female,Ford,$7.55,Gununglajang,Indonesia,Actuary
10,Dniren,Female,Ford,$7.71,Yuyapichis,Peru,Software Consultant

$ cat client.py

import socket

HOST = 'server ip'        # The remote host
PORT = 42050              # The same port as used by the server
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
f = open('/home/vijee/data/datafile.csv', 'rb')
print "Sending Data ...."  
l = f.read()
while True:      
    for line in l:
        s.send(line)    
    break
f.close()
print "Sending Complete"
s.close()

$ cat server.py

import socket

HOST = 'local ip'         # server ip
PORT = 42050              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
print "Server running", HOST, PORT
s.listen(5)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print'Connected by', addr

while True:
    data = "".join(iter(lambda:conn.recv(1),"\n"))       
    print data   
    if not data: break                

print "Done Receiving"
conn.close()

服务器代码：

$ cat datafile.csv
id,first_name,gender,car,money,city,country,jobtitle
1,Marline,Female,Ford,$4.94,Kanzaki,Japan,Food Chemist
2,Ker,Male,Lincoln,$3.46,Fort Beaufort,South Africa,Marketing Manager
3,Wallie,Male,Land Rover,$5.12,Eystur,Faroe Islands,Senior Quality Engineer
4,Deonne,Female,Ford,$9.72,Fontaínhas,Portugal,Social Worker
5,Barnaby,Male,Volkswagen,$0.60,Taoyuan,China,Web Developer I
6,Maximilian,Male,GMC,$1.19,Nowy Dwór Gdański,Poland,Engineer IV
7,Wake,Male,Buick,$5.08,Kazuno,Japan,Food Chemist
8,Truman,Male,Infiniti,$1.60,Içara,Brazil,Senior Quality Engineer
9,Mufi,Female,Ford,$7.55,Gununglajang,Indonesia,Actuary
10,Dniren,Female,Ford,$7.71,Yuyapichis,Peru,Software Consultant

$ cat client.py

import socket

HOST = 'server ip'        # The remote host
PORT = 42050              # The same port as used by the server
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
f = open('/home/vijee/data/datafile.csv', 'rb')
print "Sending Data ...."  
l = f.read()
while True:      
    for line in l:
        s.send(line)    
    break
f.close()
print "Sending Complete"
s.close()

$ cat server.py

import socket

HOST = 'local ip'         # server ip
PORT = 42050              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
print "Server running", HOST, PORT
s.listen(5)
conn, addr = s.accept()
print'Connected by', addr

while True:
    data = "".join(iter(lambda:conn.recv(1),"\n"))       
    print data   
    if not data: break                

print "Done Receiving"
conn.close()

执行client.py脚本时，出现以下错误：

bash_shell:~$ python /home/vijee/data/python_code/server.py 
Server running localhost 9000
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 42950)

bash_shell:~$ python /home/vijee/data/python_code/client.py 
Sending Data ....
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/vijee/data/python_code/client.py", line 12, in <module>
    s.send(line)    
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'int'

bash\u shell:~$python/home/vijee/data/python\u code/server.py
运行localhost 9000的服务器
连接方式（'127.0.0.1'，42950）
bash\u shell:~$python/home/vijee/data/python\u code/client.py
正在发送数据。。。。
回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“/home/vijee/data/python_code/client.py”，第12行，在
s、 发送（线路）
TypeError:需要类似字节的对象，而不是“int”

---

我知道这是个小错误。但是无法找到错误。

l

是一个

字节

对象。从：

虽然字节文字和表示基于ASCII文本，但字节对象的行为实际上类似于不可变的整数序列

因此，当您为l:中的行写入

时，
行
的每个值都是一个整数，包含文件中的一个字节。
s.send（）
的参数必须是
字节，而不是整数。因此，您可以使用：

s.send(bytes([line]))

将整数转换为
字节
对象。不要忘记
[]
——
字节
构造函数需要一个序列。如果您只写
bytes（line）
，它将创建一个长度为
line
且内容均为零字节的
bytes
对象

循环一次发送一个字节实际上没有任何理由。只用

s.send(l)

一次发送所有信息

顺便说一句，变量名
line
表示您认为是逐行发送，而不是逐字节发送。那是不会发生的。因为您是以二进制模式打开文件的，所以它没有行的概念。即使您以文本模式打开它，
l
将是一个字符串，而不是一系列行；如果您想要一个行序列，您应该使用
f.readlines（）
，或
作为f:
中的行：
而True:
无条件调用
break
的循环有什么意义？