未找到Python方法,但已在类中定义

未找到Python方法,但已在类中定义,python,python-2.7,Python,Python 2.7,我正在自学(可能是我的第一个错误)课程和方法,通过转换情绪分析脚本来使用它们 我以为我已经准备好了所有的方法,但我一直在努力 未定义全局名称“get\u bigram\u word\u feats” 我敢肯定,如果它走得那么远的话,我的get\u word\u壮举也会出错 我的头撞到了这一次。我尝试删除staticmethod并添加self。我做错了什么 这是我的密码: def word_feats(words): return dict([(word, True) for word i

我正在自学(可能是我的第一个错误)课程和方法,通过转换情绪分析脚本来使用它们

我以为我已经准备好了所有的方法,但我一直在努力

未定义全局名称“get\u bigram\u word\u feats”

我敢肯定,如果它走得那么远的话,我的
get\u word\u壮举也会出错

我的头撞到了这一次。我尝试删除
staticmethod
并添加self。我做错了什么

这是我的密码:

def word_feats(words):
    return dict([(word, True) for word in words])


class SentClassifier:

    def __init__(self, name, location):
        self.name = name
        self.location = location
        self.fullpath = location + "/" + name

    def doesexist(self):
        return os.path.isfile(self.fullpath)

    def save_classifier(self):
        rf = open(self.fullpath, 'wb')
        pickle.dump(self.fullpath, rf)
        rf.close()

    def load_classifier(self):
        sf = open(self.fullpath, 'rb')
        sclassifier = pickle.load(sf)
        sf.close()
        return sclassifier


class Training:

    def __init__(self, neg, pos):
        self.neg = neg
        self.pos = pos
        self.negids = open(self.neg, 'rb').read().splitlines(True)
        self.posids = open(self.pos, 'rb').read().splitlines(True)
        self.exclude = set(string.punctuation)
        self.exclude = self.exclude, '...'
        self.swords = stopwords.words('english')

    def tokens(self, words):
        words = [w for w in nltk.word_tokenize(words) if w not in self.exclude and len(w) > 1
            and w not in self.swords and wordnet.synsets(w)]
        return words

    def idlist(self, words):
        thisidlist = [self.tokens(tf) for tf in words]
        return thisidlist

    @staticmethod
    def get_word_feats(words):
        return dict([(word, True) for word in words])

    @staticmethod
    def get_bigram_word_feats(twords, score_fn=BigramAssocMeasures.chi_sq, tn=200):
        words = [w for w in twords]
        bigram_finder = BigramCollocationFinder.from_words(words)
        bigrams = bigram_finder.nbest(score_fn, tn)
        return dict([(ngram, True) for ngram in itertools.chain(words, bigrams)])

    @staticmethod
    def label_feats(thelist, label):
        return [(get_word_feats(lf), label) for lf in thelist]

    @staticmethod
    def label_grams(thelist, label):
        return [(get_bigram_word_feats(gf), label) for gf in thelist()]

    @staticmethod
    def combinegrams(grams, feats):
        for g in grams():
            feats.append(g)
        return feats

    def negidlist(self):
        return self.idlist(self.negids)

    def posidlist(self):
        return self.idlist(self.posids)

    def posgrams(self):
        return self.label_grams(self.posidlist, 'pos')

    def neggrams(self):
        return self.label_grams(self.negidlist, 'neg')

    def negwords(self):
        return self.label_feats(self.negidlist, 'neg')

    def poswords(self):
        return self.label_feats(self.posidlist, 'pos')

    def negfeats(self):
        return self.combinegrams(self.neggrams, self.negwords)

    def posfeats(self):
        return self.combinegrams(self.posgrams, self.poswords)

starttime = time.time()

myclassifier = SentClassifier("sentanalyzer.pickle", "classifiers")

if myclassifier.doesexist() is False:
    print "training new classifier"
    trainset = Training('data/neg.txt', 'data/pos.txt')
    negfeats = trainset.negfeats()
    posfeats = trainset.posfeats()
    negcutoff = len(negfeats) * 8 / 10
    poscutoff = len(posfeats) * 8 / 10

    trainfeats = negfeats[:negcutoff] + posfeats[:poscutoff]
    testfeats = negfeats[negcutoff:] + posfeats[poscutoff:]
    print 'train on %d instances, test on %d instances' % (len(trainfeats), len(testfeats))

    classifier = NaiveBayesClassifier.train(trainfeats)
    print 'accuracy:', nltk.classify.util.accuracy(classifier, testfeats)
    myclassifier.save_classifier()

else:
    print "using existing classifier"
    classifier = myclassifier.load_classifier()

classifier.show_most_informative_features(20)
mystr = "16 steps to an irresistible sales pitch, via @vladblagi: slidesha.re/1bVV7OS"
myfeat = word_feats(nltk.word_tokenize(mystr))
print classifier.classify(myfeat)

probd = classifier.prob_classify(myfeat)

print probd.prob('neg')
print probd.prob('pos')

donetime = time.time() - starttime

print donetime
未定义全局名称“get\u bigram\u word\u feats”

您的调用应如下所示(注意此处使用的类名):

通常,对于静态方法,使用类名


我尝试删除staticmethod并添加self。我做错了什么

在这种情况下,您将使用
self.funcName(..)
。如下所示:

def label_grams(self, thelist, label):
    return [(self.get_bigram_word_feats(gf), label) for gf in thelist()]

好消息:解决方法很简单。可以这样说:
训练。获得单词专长(…)

例如:


您需要的所有信息都在异常消息中:

全局未定义名称“get\u bigram\u word\u feats”

(我的重点)

Python不理解您希望从类访问该方法,因为您没有将类名指定为方法调用的一部分。因此,它正在全局命名空间中查找函数,但未能找到它

如果您还记得调用实例方法,则需要在方法前面加上
self.
,以使Python解释器看起来在正确的位置,这也适用于静态方法,尽管您没有指定
self.
,而是指定类名

因此,要解决此问题,请在方法调用前加上类名:

return [(Training.get_bigram_word_feats(gf), label) for gf in thelist()]
         ^---+---^
             |
             +-- you need this part

我应该指出——我知道我的代码可能很可怕。我的计划是,一旦我开始工作,就开始整合/清理。我知道这不是最好的技术,但是……(可能是我的第一个错误),不,恰恰相反。学习一些东西(包括编程)的最好方法是实验。既然电脑是如此宽容(在这里做实验时,你很少会失去一条腿),那就疯狂吧!FWIW,在这里,classmethod比staticmethod更有意义-您可以访问该类,并且不必在
labelgrams
中硬编码类名。作为一般规则,要么你想把方法绑定到一个类,然后把它变成一个classmethod,要么它实际上没有被重写的意义,你只需要使用一个普通函数(是的,这是一个“一般”规则,如果你不知道的话,这是一种指导原则)。
@staticmethod
def label_grams(thelist, label):
    return [(Training.get_bigram_word_feats(gf), label) for gf in thelist()]
return [(Training.get_bigram_word_feats(gf), label) for gf in thelist()]
         ^---+---^
             |
             +-- you need this part