Python 使用anaconda在visual studio代码上导入matplotlib的pyplot失败

我使用anaconda作为python包管理器，使用Visual Studio代码作为python IDE

虽然我能够从VS代码中查看和选择虚拟环境，但在从VS代码执行时无法加载matplotlib.pyplot

我创建了一个测试虚拟环境，并使用conda install matplotlib安装了matplotlib。 我已明确选择此conda测试环境作为VS代码中的Python解释器，如此屏幕截图所示：

从VS代码运行此python文件：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
print("Hello world")

失败，出现以下错误：

PS Q:\Code\Tests> & 'C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\python.exe' 'c:\Users\louen\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2019.8.30787\pythonFiles\ptvsd_launcher.py' '--default' '--client' '--host' 'localhost' '--port' '50055' 'q:\Code\Tests\hello.py'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\louen\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2019.8.30787\pythonFiles\ptvsd_launcher.py", line 43, in <module>
    main(ptvsdArgs)
  File "c:\Users\louen\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2019.8.30787\pythonFiles\lib\python\ptvsd\__main__.py", line 432, in main
    run()
  File "c:\Users\louen\.vscode\extensions\ms-python.python-2019.8.30787\pythonFiles\lib\python\ptvsd\__main__.py", line 316, in run_file
    runpy.run_path(target, run_name='__main__')
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\runpy.py", line 263, in run_path
    pkg_name=pkg_name, script_name=fname)
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\runpy.py", line 96, in _run_module_code
    mod_name, mod_spec, pkg_name, script_name)
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "q:\Code\Tests\hello.py", line 1, in <module>
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 32, in <module>
    import matplotlib.colorbar
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\colorbar.py", line 31, in <module>
    import matplotlib.contour as contour
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 16, in <module>
    import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
  File "C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\font_manager.py", line 40, in <module>
    from matplotlib import afm, cbook, ft2font, rcParams
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

此外，仅导入matplotlib也不会触发错误

这是conda info的输出

---

这个错误来自哪里？VS代码执行环境和conda环境之间有区别吗

如果您在调试器运行时的输出中注意到，终端没有及时完成其conda激活，因此Python无法找到您安装的conda软件包。这是我们试图在扩展中修复的一组更大的脚本的一部分，但由于conda和VS代码的操作方式，这一操作异常困难。

我通过在vscode中将默认shell可执行文件设置为C:/Windows/System32/cmd.exe来完成这项工作

步骤：

打开vscode设置 过滤器中的powershell类型 在settings.json中找到Edit并单击它 设置terminal.integrated.shell.windows:C:/windows/System32/cmd.exe 保存设置.json

---

看起来与报告中修复的相同，但未提供任何详细信息。显示了针对此错误的各种版本的修复程序，不清楚哪种版本适用于您，但您可以测试一些

(test) C:\Users\louen>python Q:\Code\Tests\hello.py
Hello World

(test) C:\Users\louen>conda info

     active environment : test
    active env location : C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs\test
            shell level : 3
       user config file : C:\Users\louen\.condarc
 populated config files :
          conda version : 4.6.14
    conda-build version : 3.10.5
         python version : 3.6.5.final.0
       base environment : C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Shared\Anaconda3_64  (read only)
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
          package cache : C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Shared\Anaconda3_64\pkgs
                          C:\Users\louen\.conda\pkgs
                          C:\Users\louen\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
       envs directories : C:\Users\louen\.conda\envs
                          C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Shared\Anaconda3_64\envs
                          C:\Users\louen\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
               platform : win-64
             user-agent : conda/4.6.14 requests/2.18.4 CPython/3.6.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.17134
          administrator : False
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False