Python 检查列表中的整数是否不重复，并按顺序排列

testGroupList是一个整数列表。 我需要检查testGroupList中的数字是连续的，而不是重复的数字。忽略负整数

例如，[1,2，-1,2,3,4]是一个错误，因为2是重复的，但是[-1,3,2,4,1,5]是正常的

我按照如下方式实现了它，它非常丑陋。有什么聪明的方法可以做到这一点吗

buff = filter(lambda x: x > 0, testGroupList) maxval = max(buff) for i in range(maxval): id = i+1 val = buff.count(id) if val == 1: print id, elif val >= 2: print "(Test Group %d duplicated %d times)" % (id, val), elif val == 0: print "(Test Group %d missing)" % id, buff=过滤器（λx:x>0，testGroupList） 最大值=最大值（buff） 对于范围内的i（最大值）： id=i+1 val=buff.count（id） 如果val==1：打印id， elif val>=2：打印“（测试组%d重复%d次）”%（id，val）， elif val==0:打印“（缺少测试组%d）”%id，

---

对于Python2.7或3.1，您可以使用计数器，但对于Python3，需要更改打印

from collections import Counter
counter = Counter(x for x in testGroupList if x>=0)
minval = min(Counter) 
maxval = max(Counter)
messages={0:"(Test Group %(id)d missing)",
          1:"%(id)d",
          2:"(Test Group %(id)d duplicated %(val)d times)"}
for id in range(minval,maxval+1): 
    val = counter[id]
    print(messages[min(val,2)]%vars())

对于较旧的Python，请使用defaultdict

from collections import defaultdict
counter = defaultdict(int)
for k in testGroupList:
    if k>=0:counter[k]+=1

minval = min(counter) 
maxval = max(counter)
messages={0:"(Test Group %(id)d missing)",
          1:"%(id)d",
          2:"(Test Group %(id)d duplicated %(val)d times)"}
for id in range(minval,maxval+1): 
    val = counter[id]
    print messages[min(val,2)]%vars(),

对于枚举中的i，v（buff）： 如果我v-1： 打印“缺失或重复”

---

如果您不需要花哨的错误报告，那么您可以将其实现为两个简单的检查：

positiveValues = [x for x in testGroupList if x > 0]
if len(positiveValues) != len(set(positiveValues)):
    print("Input has duplicate values")
elif len(positiveValues) != max(positiveValues):
    print("Input has missing values")

---

如果您希望在较小的代码中更优雅，那么您可以这样做：

buff = [x for x in testGroupList if x > 0]
for i, val in enumerate([buff.count(x) for x in xrange(1,max(buff))]):
    if val == 1: print i+1, 
    elif val > 1: print "(Test Group %d duplicated %d times)" % (i+1, val), 
    elif val == 0: print "(Test Group %d missing)" % (i+1),

---

这和你原来的很接近。我使用I而不是id，因为id是Python中的标准函数。

如果您只是试图确定列表没有重复项，那么可以使用列表的元素创建一个set（），并比较两者的长度。相同的长度意味着没有重复

确定它们是否是连续的可以查看列表的最大值和最小值的差异，这应该比长度小一

“设置差异”可用于查找缺少的整数

以下是一些简明的定义：

def all_different(any_list):
    '''returns True if all items in the list are different.
    (Note: this assumes input is a list'''
    return len(any_list) == len(set(any_list))

def any_duplicate(any_list):
    '''returns True if any items in the list are repeated.
    (Note: this assumes input is a list'''
    return len(any_list) != len(set(any_list))

def sequential_ints(list_of_ints):
    '''returns True if input is a sequential list of ints.
    (Note: this assumes input is a list, and only of ints'''
    return len(list_of_ints)-1==max(list_of_ints)-min(list_of_ints)

def find_missing(list_of_ints):
    '''returns a list of any integers "missing", assuming 
    input was "supposed to be" sequential list of ints.
    (Note: this assumes input is a list, and only of ints'''
    return list( set(range(min(list_of_ints),max(list_of_ints)+1))-set(list_of_ints) )

此测试代码：

list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
print("all_different:", all_different(list1))
print("any_duplicate:", any_duplicate(list1))
print("sequential_ints:", sequential_ints(list1))
print("find_missing:   ", find_missing(list1))
print()

list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2]
print("all_different:", all_different(list2))
print("any_duplicate:", any_duplicate(list2))
print("sequential_ints:", sequential_ints(list2))
print("find_missing:   ", find_missing(list2))
print()

list3 = [1, 3, 4, 6]
print("all_different:", all_different(list3))
print("any_duplicate:", any_duplicate(list3))
print("sequential_ints:", sequential_ints(list3))
print("find_missing:   ", find_missing(list3))

给出：

all_different: True
any_duplicate: False
sequential_ints: True
find_missing:    []

all_different: False
any_duplicate: True
sequential_ints: False
find_missing:    []

all_different: True
any_duplicate: False
sequential_ints: False
find_missing:    [2, 5]

---

编辑为使用buff而不是testgrouplist与OP的原始代码不同，这不会过滤掉非正字符，并关心元素的顺序。编辑后，使用示例中的buff而不是testgrouplist会过滤掉非正字符对不起，问题不清楚。你的意思是你需要检查一下：对于列表中所有大于零的数字，这些数字是按顺序排列的，并且按顺序向上计数？所以[3,4，-2,0,5]通过了，但是[3,4,4,5]，[3,5]和[3,5,4]没有通过？

all_different: True
any_duplicate: False
sequential_ints: True
find_missing:    []

all_different: False
any_duplicate: True
sequential_ints: False
find_missing:    []

all_different: True
any_duplicate: False
sequential_ints: False
find_missing:    [2, 5]