Python 为什么我会得到这个错误属性错误：'；SQLAlchemy'；对象没有属性'；型号'；

嗨，我的朋友，我是新来的。我的models.py有问题，尤其是在关系和

foreignkey

-我遇到了以下错误：

sp_id=db.Column（db.Integer，db.models.ForeignKey（'saleperson.id'），null=False）
AttributeError:'SQLAlchemy'对象没有属性'models'

带有

db.models.Foreignkey

的所有行都会引发此错误。希望你能在这里帮助我

这是my models.py的脚本

---

我所做的是将db.models.ForeighnKey（）更改为db.ForeighnKey（）。现在它抛出了一个新错误：

>     D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:873:
> FSADeprecationWarning: SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant
> overhead and will be disabled by default in the future.  Set it to
> True or False to suppress this warning.
>       'SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant overhead and '
>     Traceback (most recent call last):
>       File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
>         from main import routes
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\routes.py", line 7, in <module>
>         from main.form import RegistrationForm, LoginForm, UpdateAccountForm, ProjectForm
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\form.py", line 7, in <module>
>         from main.models import User
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\models.py", line 54, in <module>
>         class SalesPerson(Person):
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\model.py", line 67, in __init__
>         super(NameMetaMixin, cls).__init__(name, bases, d)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\model.py", line 121, in __init__
>         super(BindMetaMixin, cls).__init__(name, bases, d)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_api.py",
> line 75, in __init__
>         _as_declarative(reg, cls, dict_)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 126, in _as_declarative
>         return _MapperConfig.setup_mapping(registry, cls, dict_, None, {})
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 177, in setup_mapping
>         return cfg_cls(registry, cls_, dict_, table, mapper_kw)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 299, in __init__
>         self._scan_attributes()
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 455, in _scan_attributes
>         local_attributes_for_class, attribute_is_overridden
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 621, in _produce_column_copies
>         "Columns with foreign keys to other columns "
>     sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError: Columns with foreign keys to other columns must be declared as @declared_attr callables on
> declarative mixin classes.  For dataclass field() objects, use a
> lambda:.

>D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\FLASK\u sqlalchemy\\uuuuuuu init\uuuuuuuuuuuuy.py:873:
>FSADEPRICTIONWARNING:SQLALCHEMY\u TRACK\u修改增加了显著的
>开销，并将在将来默认禁用。设定为
>True或False以抑制此警告。
>“SQLALCHEMY\u TRACK\u修改增加了显著的开销，并且”
>回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
>文件“”，第1行，在
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\\uuuuu init\uuuuuuu.py”，第16行，在
>从主要进口路线
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\routes.py”，第7行，在
>从main.form导入注册表单、LoginForm、UpdateAccountForm、ProjectForm
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\form.py”，第7行，在
>从main.models导入用户
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\models.py”，第54行，在
>班级销售人员（人）：
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\FLASK\u sqlalchemy\model.py”，第67行，在\uuu init中__
>super（NameMetaMixin，cls）。\uuuu init\uuuu（name，base，d）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\FLASK\u sqlalchemy\model.py”，第121行，在\uuu init中__
>super（BindMetaMixin，cls）。\uuuu init\uuuu（名称，碱基，d）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u api.py”，
>第75行，in__init__
>作为声明性的（reg、cls、dict）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u base.py”，
>第126行，in_as_声明式
>返回_MapperConfig.setup_映射（注册表、cls、dict_、无、{}）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u base.py”，
>第177行，在设置映射中
>返回cfg\u cls（注册表、cls\uu、dict\uu、表、映射器\ukw）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u base.py”，
>第299行，在_init中__
>self.\u扫描\u属性（）
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u base.py”，
>第455行，输入扫描属性
>本地\u属性\u对于\u类，属性\u被覆盖
>文件“D:\FLASK\u PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl\u base.py”，
>第621行，在“生成”列中
>“具有外键的列指向其他列”
>sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError:具有外键的列必须在上声明为@declared_attr callables
>声明性mixin类。对于dataclass field（）对象，使用
>lambda:。

噢，我很好奇为什么你有时会写：

db.models.ForeignKey（）

，有时写：

db.ForeignKey（）

？第二种方法是正确的方法，所以请尝试在您看到第一种方法使用的任何地方更改它。我找到并更正了它。现在我有一条新的错误消息：“带外键的列指向其他列”sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError:在声明性mixin类上，具有外键的列必须声明为@declared_attr callables。对于dataclass field（）对象，请使用lambda:。抱歉，我不确定该错误从何而来，部分原因是我没有看到完整的错误消息/回溯。正如您所知，这是本网站上更难处理/支持的事情之一：动态调试。至少为了挽救这一特殊的努力，我建议您编辑您的问题以包含新的错误消息。

>     D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:873:
> FSADeprecationWarning: SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant
> overhead and will be disabled by default in the future.  Set it to
> True or False to suppress this warning.
>       'SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant overhead and '
>     Traceback (most recent call last):
>       File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
>         from main import routes
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\routes.py", line 7, in <module>
>         from main.form import RegistrationForm, LoginForm, UpdateAccountForm, ProjectForm
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\form.py", line 7, in <module>
>         from main.models import User
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\main\models.py", line 54, in <module>
>         class SalesPerson(Person):
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\model.py", line 67, in __init__
>         super(NameMetaMixin, cls).__init__(name, bases, d)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\model.py", line 121, in __init__
>         super(BindMetaMixin, cls).__init__(name, bases, d)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_api.py",
> line 75, in __init__
>         _as_declarative(reg, cls, dict_)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 126, in _as_declarative
>         return _MapperConfig.setup_mapping(registry, cls, dict_, None, {})
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 177, in setup_mapping
>         return cfg_cls(registry, cls_, dict_, table, mapper_kw)
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 299, in __init__
>         self._scan_attributes()
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 455, in _scan_attributes
>         local_attributes_for_class, attribute_is_overridden
>       File "D:\FLASK_PROPERTYMANAGEMENT\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\decl_base.py",
> line 621, in _produce_column_copies
>         "Columns with foreign keys to other columns "
>     sqlalchemy.exc.InvalidRequestError: Columns with foreign keys to other columns must be declared as @declared_attr callables on
> declarative mixin classes.  For dataclass field() objects, use a
> lambda:.