将csv文件转换为json+；具有特定json格式的python

我是否可以将csv文件转换为json，如下所示：
csv=第1行中具有以下值的标题
json=

[{“key1”：“value1”，…}，{“key1”：“value2”，…}…]

这是我的csv文件：

$ cat -v head_data.csv
"Rec Open Date","MSISDN","IMEI","Data Volume (Bytes)","Device Manufacturer","Device Model","Product Description"
"2016-05-30","686","230","63979","Samsung SM-G935FD ","Samsung SM-G935FD","$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)"
"2016-05-30","533","970","171631866","Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)","iPhone 6 (A1586)","$69.95 Plan"
"2016-05-30","191","610","145713","Samsung GT-I9195","Samsung GT-I9195","$29.95 Plan"
"2016-05-30","660","660","2994742","Samsung SM-N920I","Samsung SM-N920I","GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN"
"2016-05-30","182","970","37799939","Samsung SM-J200Y","Samsung SM-J200Y","PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"
"2016-05-30","993","360","14096114","Samsung SM-A300Y","Samsung SM-A300Y","$39.95 Carryover Plan"
"2016-05-30","894","730","9851177","Samsung GT-N7105","Samsung GT-N7105","PREPAY STD - $0 - #2"
"2016-05-30","600","070","18420650","Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)","Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)","PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"
"2016-05-30","234","000","1769661","Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ","Galaxy S7 SM-G930F","$39.95 Plan"

这是我的剧本：

$ cat csv_to_json.py

#!/usr/bin/python

#from here
#https://stackoverflow.com/a/7550352/2392358

import csv, json
csvreader = csv.reader(open('head_data.csv', 'rb'), delimiter='\t',
quotechar='"')
data = []
for row in csvreader:
    r = []
    for field in row:
        if field == '': field = None
        else: field = unicode(field, 'ISO-8859-1')
        r.append(field)
    data.append(r)
jsonStruct = {
    'header': data[0],
    'data': data[1:]
}
open('head_data.json', 'wb').write(json.dumps(jsonStruct))

运行脚本和输出

$ python csv_to_json.py


$ cat -v head_data.json
{"header": ["Rec Open Date,\"MSISDN\",\"IMEI\",\"Data Volume (Bytes)\",\"Device Manufacturer\",\"Device Model\",\"Product Description\""], "data": [["2016-05-30,\"686\",\"230\",\"63979\",\"Samsung SM-G935FD \",\"Samsung SM-G935FD\",\"$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)\""], ["2016-05-30,\"533\",\"970\",\"171631866\",\"Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)\",\"iPhone 6 (A1586)\",\"$69.95 Plan\""], ["2016-05-30,\"191\",\"610\",\"145713\",\"Samsung GT-I9195\",\"Samsung GT-I9195\",\"$29.95 Plan\""], ["2016-05-30,\"660\",\"660\",\"2994742\",\"Samsung SM-N920I\",\"Samsung SM-N920I\",\"GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN\""], ["2016-05-30,\"182\",\"970\",\"37799939\",\"Samsung SM-J200Y\",\"Samsung SM-J200Y\",\"PREPAY PLUS - $0 -\""], ["2016-05-30,\"993\",\"360\",\"14096114\",\"Samsung SM-A300Y\",\"Samsung SM-A300Y\",\"$39.95 Carryover Plan\""], ["2016-05-30,\"894\",\"730\",\"9851177\",\"Samsung GT-N7105\",\"Samsung GT-N7105\",\"PREPAY STD - $0 - #2\""], ["2016-05-30,\"600\",\"070\",\"18420650\",\"Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)\",\"Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)\",\"PREPAY PLUS - $0 -\""], ["2016-05-30,\"234\",\"000\",\"1769661\",\"Galaxy S7 SM-G930F \",\"Galaxy S7 SM-G930F\",\"$39.95 Plan\""]]}

我是否可以稍微修改代码，以便获得如下输出：

[{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":540,"IMEI":990,"Data Volume (Bytes)":36671453,"Device Manufacturer":"HUAWEI Technologies Co Ltd","Device Model":"H1512","Product Description":"PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"},
{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":334,"IMEI":340,"Data Volume (Bytes)":129835114,"Device Manufacturer":"Apple Inc","Device Model":"Apple iPhone S (A1530)","Product Description":"$29.95 Plan"},
{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":133,"IMEI":870,"Data Volume (Bytes)":42213030,"Device Manufacturer":"Apple Inc","Device Model":"Apple iPhone 6 Plus (A1524)","Product Description":"$49.95 Plan"}]

相关Q和

edit1找到了这个，但它在浏览器中进行转换，我认为它使用了js

根据下面的答案，这就是我想要的 这是我要转换的文件

$ cat -v head_data.csv
"Rec Open Date","MSISDN","IMEI","Data Volume (Bytes)","Device Manufacturer","Device Model","Product Description"
"2016-05-30","686","230","63979","Samsung SM-G935FD ","Samsung,A, SM-G935FD","$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)"
"2016-05-30","533","970","171631866","Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)","iPhone 6 (A1586)","$69.95 Plan"
"2016-05-30","191","610","145713","Samsung GT-I9195","Samsung GT-I9195","$29.95 Plan"
"2016-05-30","660","660","2994742","Samsung SM-N920I","Samsung SM-N920I","GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN"
"2016-05-30","182","970","37799939","Samsung SM-J200Y","Samsung SM-J200Y","PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"
"2016-05-30","993","360","14096114","Samsung SM-A300Y","Samsung SM-A300Y","$39.95 Carryover Plan"
"2016-05-30","894","730","9851177","Samsung GT-N7105","Samsung GT-N7105","PREPAY STD - $0 - #2"
"2016-05-30","600","070","18420650","Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)","Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)","PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"
"2016-05-30","234","000","1769661","Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ","Galaxy S7 SM-G930F","$39.95 Plan"

以下是脚本：

$ cat -v csv_to_json2.py
#!/usr/bin/python

#from here
#https://stackoverflow.com/a/38193687/2392358

import csv
import json
from collections import OrderedDict

dR=csv.DictReader(open("head_data.csv"))
oD=[ OrderedDict(
         sorted(dct.iteritems(),
                key=lambda item:dR.fieldnames.index(item[0])))
     for dct in dR ]

#print to terminal
print json.dumps(oD)

#write to file
#json.dump(oD,"head_op.json")
open('head_op.json', 'wb').write(json.dumps(oD))

$ python csv_to_json2.py
[{"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "686", "IMEI": "230", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "63979", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-G935FD ", "Device Model": "Samsung,A, SM-G935FD", "Product Description": "$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "533", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "171631866", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Device Model": "iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Product Description": "$69.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "191", "IMEI": "610", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "145713", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Product Description": "$29.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "660", "IMEI": "660", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "2994742", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Product Description": "GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "182", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "37799939", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "993", "IMEI": "360", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "14096114", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Product Description": "$39.95 Carryover Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "894", "IMEI": "730", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "9851177", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Product Description": "PREPAY STD - $0 - #2"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "600", "IMEI": "070", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "18420650", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Device Model": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "234", "IMEI": "000", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "1769661", "Device Manufacturer": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ", "Device Model": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F", "Product Description": "$39.95 Plan"}]

运行脚本：

$ cat -v csv_to_json2.py
#!/usr/bin/python

#from here
#https://stackoverflow.com/a/38193687/2392358

import csv
import json
from collections import OrderedDict

dR=csv.DictReader(open("head_data.csv"))
oD=[ OrderedDict(
         sorted(dct.iteritems(),
                key=lambda item:dR.fieldnames.index(item[0])))
     for dct in dR ]

#print to terminal
print json.dumps(oD)

#write to file
#json.dump(oD,"head_op.json")
open('head_op.json', 'wb').write(json.dumps(oD))

$ python csv_to_json2.py
[{"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "686", "IMEI": "230", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "63979", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-G935FD ", "Device Model": "Samsung,A, SM-G935FD", "Product Description": "$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "533", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "171631866", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Device Model": "iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Product Description": "$69.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "191", "IMEI": "610", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "145713", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Product Description": "$29.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "660", "IMEI": "660", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "2994742", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Product Description": "GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "182", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "37799939", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "993", "IMEI": "360", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "14096114", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Product Description": "$39.95 Carryover Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "894", "IMEI": "730", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "9851177", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Product Description": "PREPAY STD - $0 - #2"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "600", "IMEI": "070", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "18420650", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Device Model": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "234", "IMEI": "000", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "1769661", "Device Manufacturer": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ", "Device Model": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F", "Product Description": "$39.95 Plan"}]

这是输出：

$ cat -v head_op.json
[{"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "686", "IMEI": "230", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "63979", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-G935FD ", "Device Model": "Samsung,A, SM-G935FD", "Product Description": "$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "533", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "171631866", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Device Model": "iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Product Description": "$69.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "191", "IMEI": "610", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "145713", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Product Description": "$29.95 Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "660", "IMEI": "660", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "2994742", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Product Description": "GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "182", "IMEI": "970", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "37799939", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "993", "IMEI": "360", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "14096114", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Product Description": "$39.95 Carryover Plan"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "894", "IMEI": "730", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "9851177", "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Product Description": "PREPAY STD - $0 - #2"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "600", "IMEI": "070", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "18420650", "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Device Model": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"}, {"Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30", "MSISDN": "234", "IMEI": "000", "Data Volume (Bytes)": "1769661", "Device Manufacturer": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ", "Device Model": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F", "Product Description": "$39.95 Plan"}]

---

如果您不关心密钥的顺序，只需执行以下操作：

import csv
import json
json.dumps(list(csv.DictReader(open("file.csv"))))

查看手册中的部分以了解更多选项，或执行以下操作

json.dumps(list( csv.DictReader(open("file.csv")) ])).replace("}, ","},\n")

以获得预期的输出

---

如果您想要有序打印，您可以通过OrderedDict订购密钥：

import csv
import json
from collections import OrderedDict

dR=csv.DictReader(open("/tmp/ah.csv"))
oD=[ OrderedDict(
         sorted(dct.iteritems(),
                key=lambda item:dR.fieldnames.index(item[0])))
     for dct in dR ]
json.dumps(oD)

---

如果要保持键的顺序，请不要使用

csv.DictReader

，因为它会使事情过于复杂，只需记录标题，然后将其与每一行一起记录即可：

import csv
from collections import OrderedDict
reader = csv.reader(open("text.csv"))

header = next(reader)

data = [OrderedDict(zip(header,fields)) for fields in reader]

然后，您可以使用以下命令将其写入文件：

import json

with open("new.json","w") as f:
    json.dump(data, f)

---

另一种命令行解决方案：

安装依赖项：

pip安装pyexcel cli pyexcel文本

运行以下命令将csv转换为json

pyexcel转换代码--按行0命名列--输出文件类型json example.csv-

输出：

{"example.csv": [{"Data Volume (Bytes)": 63979, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-G935FD ", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-G935FD", "IMEI": 230, "MSISDN": 686, "Product Description": "$29.95 Carryover Plan (1GB)", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 171631866, "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 6 (A1586)", "Device Model": "iPhone 6 (A1586)", "IMEI": 970, "MSISDN": 533, "Product Description": "$69.95 Plan", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 145713, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-I9195", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-I9195", "IMEI": 610, "MSISDN": 191, "Product Description": "$29.95 Plan", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 2994742, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-N920I", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-N920I", "IMEI": 660, "MSISDN": 660, "Product Description": "GOVERNMENT TIER 2 PLAN", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 37799939, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-J200Y", "IMEI": 970, "MSISDN": 182, "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 14096114, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "Device Model": "Samsung SM-A300Y", "IMEI": 360, "MSISDN": 993, "Product Description": "$39.95 Carryover Plan", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 9851177, "Device Manufacturer": "Samsung GT-N7105", "Device Model": "Samsung GT-N7105", "IMEI": 730, "MSISDN": 894, "Product Description": "PREPAY STD - $0 - #2", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 18420650, "Device Manufacturer": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "Device Model": "Apple iPhone 5C (A1529)", "IMEI": "070", "MSISDN": 600, "Product Description": "PREPAY PLUS - $0 -", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}, {"Data Volume (Bytes)": 1769661, "Device Manufacturer": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F ", "Device Model": "Galaxy S7 SM-G930F", "IMEI": "000", "MSISDN": 234, "Product Description": "$39.95 Plan", "Rec Open Date": "2016-05-30"}]}

---

使用

pandas

库对我来说是最简单的

安装依赖项

pip安装程序

创建csv到json脚本（我们称之为

csv2json.py

）

导入系统 作为pd进口熊猫 数据帧=pd.read\U csv（sys.argv[1]） 数据帧到json（sys.argv[1]。替换（'.csv'，'.json'），orient='records'，indent=2）

在

example.csv

文件输入上运行

csv2json.py

脚本

python csv2json.py example.csv

您的json已在

example.json

文件中生成

---

示例：

[{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":540,"IMEI":990,"Data Volume (Bytes)":36671453,"Device Manufacturer":"HUAWEI Technologies Co Ltd","Device Model":"H1512","Product Description":"PREPAY PLUS - $0 -"},
{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":334,"IMEI":340,"Data Volume (Bytes)":129835114,"Device Manufacturer":"Apple Inc","Device Model":"Apple iPhone S (A1530)","Product Description":"$29.95 Plan"},
{"Rec Open Date":"2016-07-03","MSISDN":133,"IMEI":870,"Data Volume (Bytes)":42213030,"Device Manufacturer":"Apple Inc","Device Model":"Apple iPhone 6 Plus (A1524)","Product Description":"$49.95 Plan"}]

输入（

example.csv

）：

输出（

example.json

）：

---

我宁愿为行中的每个字段定义一个具有正确命名的特定成员的类，然后使用默认的JSON serialization.tks将其序列化为JSON，但我很难将所有这一切拼凑在一起。如何将其写入输出文件？

json.dumps（）

output是一个字符串。使用

file.write（）

保存它。一个例子是关于你的问题的脚本的最后一行。tks，我希望键顺序与csv相同，这可能吗？C：这里不需要列表理解，只要

list（csv.DictReader（…）

就可以了，D：不可以

。如果字符串包含
，则替换（“}，”，“}，\n”）
，

然后在该字符串中插入一个换行符，它会损坏数据。自定义的

jsonecoder

可能是处理B&DTried此解决方案的正确方法，但没有得到与作者所述相同的输出。