Python 从沿轴=0或行滑动的二维阵列中滑动窗口，以生成三维阵列

我有一个如下形式的二维numpy数组：

[[  0.   1.   2.   3.   4.]
 [  5.   6.   7.   8.   9.]
 [ 10.  11.  12.  13.  14.]
 [ 15.  16.  17.  18.  19.]
 [ 20.  21.  22.  23.  24.]
 [ 25.  26.  27.  28.  29.]
 [ 30.  31.  32.  33.  34.]
 [ 35.  36.  37.  38.  39.]
 [ 40.  41.  42.  43.  44.]
 [ 45.  46.  47.  48.  49.]]

我想构造一个数组视图，在一个移动窗口（在我的示例中大小为4）中对其元素进行分组。我的结果应该是形状

（6,4,5）

，我可以按如下方式构造它：

res = []
mem = 4
for i in range(mem, X.shape[0]+1):
    res.append(X[i-mem:i, : ])
res = np.asarray(res)
print res.shape

我想避免重新分配，所以我想知道是否可以构建一个视图来给出这个结果，例如as_stride

非常欢迎对该过程进行解释

---

谢谢

这里有一个方法-

样本运行-

In [48]: X = np.arange(35).reshape(-1,5)

In [49]: X
Out[49]: 
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
       [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
       [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
       [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
       [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
       [25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
       [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]])

In [50]: strided_axis0(X, L=4)
Out[50]: 
array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
        [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19]],

       [[ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]],

       [[10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
        [25, 26, 27, 28, 29]],

       [[15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
        [25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
        [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]]])

---

非常感谢迪瓦卡！如何添加参数来决定窗口应重叠多少？@Francescopegoro使用[view_as_windows

](http://scikit-image.org/docs/dev/api/skimage.util.html#skimage.util.view_as_windows)使用

step`参数。您可以为这些窗口/修补程序赋值吗？

In [48]: X = np.arange(35).reshape(-1,5)

In [49]: X
Out[49]: 
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
       [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
       [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
       [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
       [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
       [25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
       [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]])

In [50]: strided_axis0(X, L=4)
Out[50]: 
array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
        [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19]],

       [[ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]],

       [[10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
        [25, 26, 27, 28, 29]],

       [[15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24],
        [25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
        [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]]])