Python 使用mod_wsgi的Apache上的Django:ImportError on设置

我使用mod_wsgi在Apache2服务器上为Django站点提供服务。以下是我的mysite/mysite目录的外观：

(mysite_venv)➜  mysite  tree mysite -I "*.pyc"
    mysite
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── settings
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── base.py
    │   └── local.py
    ├── urls.py
    └── wsgi.py

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings.local")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

/Users/gagaxiaolong/PycharmProjects/mysite
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python27.zip
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/Extras/lib/python
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/extensions

当我使用

python manage.py runmodwsgi

运行此项目时，我在日志中收到一个内部服务器错误，消息如下：

[wsgi:error] [pid 8900] ImportError:         No module named mysite.settings.local
[mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 8898] AH00170: caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully

下面是我的manage.py的外观：

(mysite_venv)➜  mysite  tree mysite -I "*.pyc"
    mysite
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── settings
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── base.py
    │   └── local.py
    ├── urls.py
    └── wsgi.py

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings.local")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

/Users/gagaxiaolong/PycharmProjects/mysite
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python27.zip
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/Extras/lib/python
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/extensions

但是当我像这样更改目录mysite/mysite时：

(mysite_venv)➜  mysite  tree mysite -I "*.pyc"
mysite
├── __init__.py
├── base.py
├── db.sqlite3
├── local.py
├── urls.py
└── wsgi.py

并将代码

os.environ.setdefault（“DJANGO\u SETTINGS\u MODULE”、“mysite.SETTINGS.local”）

更改为

os.environ.setdefault（“DJANGO\u设置\u模块”、“mysite.local”）

服务器运行正常！ 如何解决此问题

PS：当我使用

python manage.py runserver

运行这个项目时，一切都还可以

下面是我的sys.path的外观：

(mysite_venv)➜  mysite  tree mysite -I "*.pyc"
    mysite
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── settings
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── base.py
    │   └── local.py
    ├── urls.py
    └── wsgi.py

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings.local")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

/Users/gagaxiaolong/PycharmProjects/mysite
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python27.zip
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/Extras/lib/python
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
/Users/gagaxiaolong/.virtualenvs/mysite_venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/extensions

---

9个月前有一个类似的问题：我尝试了答案中提到的方法，但没有成功。

您需要在manage.py文件中检查

sys.path

（使用pdb）。我认为这是因为您有一个类似于“parent_dir/mysite/mysite/settings/”的目录结构，并且您的sys.path有一个条目“parent_dir”。因此，系统正在尝试在

父目录/mysite

中查找

设置

模块。将manage.py更改为debug

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings.local")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

---

您需要检查manage.py文件中的

sys.path

（为此使用pdb）。我认为这是因为您有一个类似于“parent_dir/mysite/mysite/settings/”的目录结构，并且您的sys.path有一个条目“parent_dir”。因此，系统正在尝试在

父目录/mysite

中查找

设置

模块。将manage.py更改为debug

import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings.local")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

---

在使用Apache/mod_wsgi时建议使用

pdb

或类似的方法并不一定是一个好主意，因为设置起来并不是那么简单。这是因为进程已被妖魔化，并且没有连接的终端，因此您无法通过终端轻松与之交互。使用runserver进行调试，而不是在apache上（在远程服务器上）。如果您在apache上运行时对path感兴趣，请添加日志。在使用apache/mod_wsgi时建议使用

pdb

或类似方法并不一定是一个好主意，因为设置起来并不是那么简单。这是因为进程已被妖魔化，并且没有连接的终端，因此您无法通过终端轻松与之交互。使用runserver进行调试，而不是在apache上（在远程服务器上）。如果您在apache上运行时对path感兴趣，请添加日志。如果您正在运行多个Django站点，请确保您在

wsgi.py

文件中阅读并记录有关使用

os.environ.setdefault（）

的警告。如果您正在运行多个Django站点，确保您阅读了

wsgi.py

文件中有关使用

os.environ.setdefault（）

的警告，并记下了警告的标题。