Python 如何将命名参数传递到另一个函数需要的函数中?
编辑:我已经更改了标题,以更好地代表我寻求的解决方案 我在重复一段代码,想写一个函数来减少混乱。我无法通过kwarg键Python 如何将命名参数传递到另一个函数需要的函数中?,python,django,Python,Django,编辑:我已经更改了标题,以更好地代表我寻求的解决方案 我在重复一段代码,想写一个函数来减少混乱。我无法通过kwarg键hourly\u id(原始代码的最后一行) 原始代码 # Create Hourly data. hourly_data = validated_data.pop('hourly') hourly_points_data = hourly_data.pop('data') hourly = Hourly.objects.create(**hourly_data) for hou
hourly\u id
(原始代码的最后一行)
原始代码
# Create Hourly data.
hourly_data = validated_data.pop('hourly')
hourly_points_data = hourly_data.pop('data')
hourly = Hourly.objects.create(**hourly_data)
for hourly_point_data in hourly_points_data:
hourly_point = HourlyPoint.objects.create(
hourly_id=hourly.pk, **hourly_point_data) <-- This
您可以看到,这里我试图使用字符串将hourly\u id
传递为id
,但我收到一个数据库错误,表示hourly\u id
丢失,因此我显然没有正确传递它
回溯
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 42, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 187, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 185, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 30, in inner
return func(*args, **kwds)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 58, in wrapped_view
return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 489, in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 449, in handle_exception
self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 486, in dispatch
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/cudb/Projects/a/b/c/weather/views.py", line 36, in get
response = self.get_entry(latitude, longitude)
File "/home/cudb/Projects/a/b/c/weather/views.py", line 59, in get_entry
response = self.create_or_update_entry(latitude, longitude)
File "/home/cudb/Projects/a/b/c/weather/views.py", line 76, in create_or_update_entry
location_serializer.save()
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 215, in save
self.instance = self.create(validated_data)
File "/home/cudb/Projects/a/b/c/weather/serializers.py", line 119, in create
validated_data, 'hourly', Hourly, HourlyPoint, 'hourly_id')
File "/home/cudb/Projects/a/b/c/weather/serializers.py", line 169, in create_data_block
id=block.pk, **point_data)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 399, in create
obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 796, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 824, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 908, in _save_table
result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 947, in _do_insert
using=using, raw=raw)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1045, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1054, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/debug_toolbar/panels/sql/tracking.py", line 164, in execute
return self._record(self.cursor.execute, sql, params)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/debug_toolbar/panels/sql/tracking.py", line 106, in _record
return method(sql, params)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/home/cudb/.virtualenvs/otto/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: null value in column "hourly_id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL: Failing row contains (6, 76.22, 77.31, 0.80, 0.00, clear-night, Clear, null).
[04/Aug/2017 12:05:30] "GET /weather/0,4 HTTP/1.1" 500 288106
这就是我看到的问题:
hourly_point = HourlyPoint.objects.create(hourly_id=hourly.pk, **hourly_point_data)
point = DataPoint.objects.create(id=block.pk, **point_data)
您可以根据需要将变量重命名为更通用的变量,但hourly\u id
不是变量,而是命名参数。如果改用id
,则不会传入预期的hourly\u id
参数,而是传入一个可能不需要的或不正确的id
参数
除非更改create()
本身的定义,否则参数名称将保持hourly\u id
。解决这个问题的一种方法是,如果可能的话,按位置使用参数,而不是按名称。(即,它是仅为关键字参数还是由关键字访问的位置参数?)
或者,如果您将'hourly\u id'
作为id
传递,则使用此键和值增加point\u data
:
def create_data_block(self, data, block_str, DataBlock, DataPoint, id):
block_data = data.pop(block_str)
points_data = block_data.pop('data')
block = DataBlock.objects.create(**block_data)
for point_data in points_data:
point = DataPoint.objects.create(**{id: block.pk, **point_data})
包括完整的堆栈跟踪。而且,键只是字符串。我已经附加了跟踪。也发布了模型
hourly_point = HourlyPoint.objects.create(hourly_id=hourly.pk, **hourly_point_data)
point = DataPoint.objects.create(id=block.pk, **point_data)
def create_data_block(self, data, block_str, DataBlock, DataPoint, id):
block_data = data.pop(block_str)
points_data = block_data.pop('data')
block = DataBlock.objects.create(**block_data)
for point_data in points_data:
point = DataPoint.objects.create(**{id: block.pk, **point_data})