Python 为什么我的ValidationErrors不再呈现？

我有一个表单，在提交之前必须检查一些东西，以确保数据是有效的。在我做一些更改（从基于类的视图到基于函数的视图）之前，一切都很好，但是当我回去测试一切时，我注意到一个非常重要的部分没有正常工作，那就是数字验证

以前发生的情况是，如果输入了数据库中不存在的数字，用户将在顶部显示一个错误。如果他们输入了数据库中的数字，但不是正确的“团队”，则会显示错误。我在forms.py中处理这个问题，完全忘记了这一点，因为它以前是工作的，我开始使用的所有东西都在views.py中。现在，虽然它实际上不会提交表单（因此它仍在执行逻辑），但它不会显示任何错误。它只会重新呈现页面，但为空，除非输入的数据正确，否则不会提交任何内容。处理这个问题的逻辑是干净的员工编号

我不确定我是否在没有注意到的情况下从html中删除了一些内容，但我一直在试图找出是什么原因导致此功能停止工作，我无法找到答案。我也不确定这是否是由于小部件，因为我后来做了更改（这是一个小部件，因为员工的编号与存储在另一个称为Saleser的模型中的员工的“id”相关联）

型号.py

class EmployeeWorkAreaLog(TimeStampedModel, SoftDeleteModel, models.Model):
    employee_number = models.ForeignKey(Salesman, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, help_text="Employee #", null=True, blank=False)
    work_area = models.ForeignKey(WorkArea, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=False, help_text="Work Area", related_name="work_area")
    station_number = models.ForeignKey(Station, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, help_text="Station", related_name="stations", blank=True)

class WarehouseForm(AppsModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = EmployeeWorkAreaLog
        widgets = {
            'employee_number': ForeignKeyRawIdWidget(EmployeeWorkAreaLog._meta.get_field('employee_number').remote_field, site, attrs={'id':'employee_number_field'}),
        }
        fields = ('employee_number', 'work_area', 'station_number', 'edited_timestamp')

    def clean_employee_number(self):
        employee_number = self.cleaned_data.get('employee_number')

        if employee_number is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Must enter emp #")
        elif employee_number.team is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Not valid")
        elif employee_number.team not in ('WF', 'WP', 'OM') or employee_number.employee_status not in 'A':
            raise forms.ValidationError("Employee not valid, please contact manager")

def enter_exit_area(request):
    form = WarehouseForm(request.POST or None)
    enter_without_exit = None
    exit_without_enter = None

    if request.method == 'POST':
        temp = request.POST.copy()
        form = WarehouseForm(temp)
        if form.is_valid():
            emp_num = form.cleaned_data['employee_number']
            area = form.cleaned_data['work_area']
            station = form.cleaned_data['station_number']
            edited_time = form.cleaned_data['edited_timestamp']

            if 'enter_area' in request.POST:
                new_entry = form.save()
                EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter((Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(work_area=area) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_in__isnull=True)) & (Q(station_number=station) | Q(station_number__isnull=True))).update(time_in=datetime.now())

                # If employee has an entry without an exit and attempts to enter a new area, mark as an exception 'N'
                enters_without_exits = EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter(Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_exceptions="")).exclude(pk=new_entry.pk).order_by("-time_in")
                if len(enters_without_exits) > 0:
                    enter_without_exit = enters_without_exits[0]
                    enters_without_exits.update(time_exceptions='N')

                message = 'You have entered %(area)s' % {'area': area}
                if station is not None:
                    message += ': %(station)s' % {'station': station}
                messages.success(request, message)

            elif 'leave_area' in request.POST:
                # Something similar to above

    form = WarehouseForm()
    return render(request, "operations/enter_exit_area.html", {
        'form': form,
        'enter_without_exit': enter_without_exit,
        'exit_without_enter': exit_without_enter,
    })

forms.py

class EmployeeWorkAreaLog(TimeStampedModel, SoftDeleteModel, models.Model):
    employee_number = models.ForeignKey(Salesman, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, help_text="Employee #", null=True, blank=False)
    work_area = models.ForeignKey(WorkArea, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=False, help_text="Work Area", related_name="work_area")
    station_number = models.ForeignKey(Station, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, help_text="Station", related_name="stations", blank=True)

class WarehouseForm(AppsModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = EmployeeWorkAreaLog
        widgets = {
            'employee_number': ForeignKeyRawIdWidget(EmployeeWorkAreaLog._meta.get_field('employee_number').remote_field, site, attrs={'id':'employee_number_field'}),
        }
        fields = ('employee_number', 'work_area', 'station_number', 'edited_timestamp')

    def clean_employee_number(self):
        employee_number = self.cleaned_data.get('employee_number')

        if employee_number is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Must enter emp #")
        elif employee_number.team is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Not valid")
        elif employee_number.team not in ('WF', 'WP', 'OM') or employee_number.employee_status not in 'A':
            raise forms.ValidationError("Employee not valid, please contact manager")

def enter_exit_area(request):
    form = WarehouseForm(request.POST or None)
    enter_without_exit = None
    exit_without_enter = None

    if request.method == 'POST':
        temp = request.POST.copy()
        form = WarehouseForm(temp)
        if form.is_valid():
            emp_num = form.cleaned_data['employee_number']
            area = form.cleaned_data['work_area']
            station = form.cleaned_data['station_number']
            edited_time = form.cleaned_data['edited_timestamp']

            if 'enter_area' in request.POST:
                new_entry = form.save()
                EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter((Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(work_area=area) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_in__isnull=True)) & (Q(station_number=station) | Q(station_number__isnull=True))).update(time_in=datetime.now())

                # If employee has an entry without an exit and attempts to enter a new area, mark as an exception 'N'
                enters_without_exits = EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter(Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_exceptions="")).exclude(pk=new_entry.pk).order_by("-time_in")
                if len(enters_without_exits) > 0:
                    enter_without_exit = enters_without_exits[0]
                    enters_without_exits.update(time_exceptions='N')

                message = 'You have entered %(area)s' % {'area': area}
                if station is not None:
                    message += ': %(station)s' % {'station': station}
                messages.success(request, message)

            elif 'leave_area' in request.POST:
                # Something similar to above

    form = WarehouseForm()
    return render(request, "operations/enter_exit_area.html", {
        'form': form,
        'enter_without_exit': enter_without_exit,
        'exit_without_enter': exit_without_enter,
    })

视图.py

class EmployeeWorkAreaLog(TimeStampedModel, SoftDeleteModel, models.Model):
    employee_number = models.ForeignKey(Salesman, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, help_text="Employee #", null=True, blank=False)
    work_area = models.ForeignKey(WorkArea, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=False, help_text="Work Area", related_name="work_area")
    station_number = models.ForeignKey(Station, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, help_text="Station", related_name="stations", blank=True)

class WarehouseForm(AppsModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = EmployeeWorkAreaLog
        widgets = {
            'employee_number': ForeignKeyRawIdWidget(EmployeeWorkAreaLog._meta.get_field('employee_number').remote_field, site, attrs={'id':'employee_number_field'}),
        }
        fields = ('employee_number', 'work_area', 'station_number', 'edited_timestamp')

    def clean_employee_number(self):
        employee_number = self.cleaned_data.get('employee_number')

        if employee_number is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Must enter emp #")
        elif employee_number.team is None:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Not valid")
        elif employee_number.team not in ('WF', 'WP', 'OM') or employee_number.employee_status not in 'A':
            raise forms.ValidationError("Employee not valid, please contact manager")

def enter_exit_area(request):
    form = WarehouseForm(request.POST or None)
    enter_without_exit = None
    exit_without_enter = None

    if request.method == 'POST':
        temp = request.POST.copy()
        form = WarehouseForm(temp)
        if form.is_valid():
            emp_num = form.cleaned_data['employee_number']
            area = form.cleaned_data['work_area']
            station = form.cleaned_data['station_number']
            edited_time = form.cleaned_data['edited_timestamp']

            if 'enter_area' in request.POST:
                new_entry = form.save()
                EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter((Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(work_area=area) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_in__isnull=True)) & (Q(station_number=station) | Q(station_number__isnull=True))).update(time_in=datetime.now())

                # If employee has an entry without an exit and attempts to enter a new area, mark as an exception 'N'
                enters_without_exits = EmployeeWorkAreaLog.objects.filter(Q(employee_number=emp_num) & Q(time_out__isnull=True) & Q(time_exceptions="")).exclude(pk=new_entry.pk).order_by("-time_in")
                if len(enters_without_exits) > 0:
                    enter_without_exit = enters_without_exits[0]
                    enters_without_exits.update(time_exceptions='N')

                message = 'You have entered %(area)s' % {'area': area}
                if station is not None:
                    message += ': %(station)s' % {'station': station}
                messages.success(request, message)

            elif 'leave_area' in request.POST:
                # Something similar to above

    form = WarehouseForm()
    return render(request, "operations/enter_exit_area.html", {
        'form': form,
        'enter_without_exit': enter_without_exit,
        'exit_without_enter': exit_without_enter,
    })

进入退出区域.html

{% extends "base.html" %}


{% block main %}
    <form id="warehouseForm" action="" method="POST" novalidate >
        {% csrf_token %}

        {{ form.non_field_errors }}
        {{ form.source.errors }}
        {{ form.source }}

        <div>
            <div>
                <div>{{ form.employee_number.errors.as_text }}</div>
                <label>Employee #</label>
                {{ form.employee_number }}
            </div>

            <div>
                <div>{{ form.work_area.errors.as_text }}</div>
                <label>Work Area</label>
                {{ form.work_area }}
            </div>
            <div>{{ form.station_number.errors.as_text }}</div>
            <div>
                <label>Station</label>
                {{ form.station_number }}
            </div>
        </div>

        <div>
            <div>
                <button type="submit" name="enter_area" value="Enter">Enter Area</button>
                <button type="submit" name="leave_area" value="Leave">Leave Area</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>

{%extends“base.html”%}
{%block main%}
{%csrf_令牌%}
{{form.non_field_errors}}
{{form.source.errors}}
{{form.source}}
{{form.employee_number.errors.as_text}
雇员#
{{form.employee_number}
{{form.work\u area.errors.as\u text}
工作区
{{form.work_area}}
{{form.station\u number.errors.as\u text}
站
{{form.station_number}
进入区域
离开区

您可以构造一个新表单，以防它是POST请求且表单无效。

enter\u exit\u区域的工作流程应为：

def enter_exit_area(request):
    enter_without_exit = None
    exit_without_enter = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = WarehouseForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            # …
            return redirect('some-view')
    else:
        form = WarehouseForm()
    return render(request, "operations/enter_exit_area.html", {
        'form': form,
        'enter_without_exit': enter_without_exit,
        'exit_without_enter': exit_without_enter,
    })
def进入/退出区域（请求）：
输入而不退出=无
退出而不输入=无
如果request.method==“POST”：
表单=仓库表单（request.POST）
如果form.is_有效（）：
# …
返回重定向（'some-view'）
其他：
表单=仓库表单（）
返回渲染（请求“operations/enter\u exit\u area.html”{
“形式”：形式，
“输入而不退出”：输入而不退出，
“退出而不进入”：退出而不进入，
})
因此请注意，
form=WarehouseForm（）
是在
if request.method==“POST”
的
else
块中构造的

如果POST请求成功，您通常会进行重定向以实现。
如果输入无效，您将构造一个新表单。我明白您的意思。我之所以改变这一点是因为当我切换到基于函数的视图时，如果我重定向，那么我就不能使用我们的modals，我唯一可以调用的方法是如果我可以呈现一个变量，如果它不是None，这意味着会触发modals，但如果不重定向，我就无法在提交时将表单“清除”，这就是我添加“新”表单的原因。有没有一种简单的方法可以在成功提交后清除表单？@Mariana:然后你可以构建一个新表单以防成功发布（因此在
if form.Is\u valid（）
正文的末尾添加
form=WarehouseForm（）
）。