Python和Matplotlib：减少x记号的数量并删除零填充

我不熟悉matplotlib和pyplot，并尝试绘制大型数据集。下面是一个小片段

情节可行，但xtick标记很拥挤

如何减少记号的数量

使用

plt.locator_参数（nbins=4）

返回错误：

AttributeError: 'FixedLocator' object has no attribute 'set_params'

有没有办法从pyplot中的日期标签中删除0填充

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30]
xticks = ['01/01', '01/02', '01/03', '01/04', '01/05', '01/06', '01/07', '01/08', '01/09', '01/10', '01/11', '01/12', '01/13', '01/14', '01/15', '01/16', '01/17', '01/18', '01/19', '01/20', '01/21', '01/22', '01/23', '01/24', '01/25', '01/26', '01/27', '01/28', '01/29', '01/30']
y = [80, 80, 60, 30, 90, 50, 200, 300, 200, 150, 10, 80, 20, 30, 40, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 20, 210, 220, 20, 20, 20, 200, 270, 280, 90, 00]
y2 = [100, 100, 200, 300, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 12, 13, 10, 110, 16, 170, 80, 90, 20, 89, 28, 20, 20, 28, 60, 70, 80, 90, 30]


plt.plot(x, y)
plt.plot(x, y2)
plt.xticks(x, xticks, rotation=90)
plt.show()

您可以使用

---

或者请参见

，因为matplotlib有一些非常好的日期工具，我认为将日期字符串转换为

datetime.datetime

对象是有意义的

然后你可以使用一个方便的日期定位器；在这种情况下，

DayLocator

最有意义。要获得该值，请使用

间隔

kwarg跳过一些标签

然后，要从Xticklabel中删除前导零，需要一个自定义格式化函数

import datetime as dt

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates 
import matplotlib.ticker as tkr

def xfmt(x,pos=None):
    ''' custom date formatting '''
    x = mdates.num2date(x)
    label = x.strftime('%m/%d')
    label = label.lstrip('0')
    return label

x = ['01/01', '01/02', '01/03', '01/04', '01/05', '01/06', '01/07', '01/08', '01/09', '01/10', '01/11', '01/12', '01/13', '01/14', '01/15', '01/16', '01/17', '01/18', '01/19', '01/20', '01/21', '01/22', '01/23', '01/24', '01/25', '01/26', '01/27', '01/28', '01/29', '01/30', '01/31']
xdates = [dt.datetime.strptime(i,'%m/%d') for i in x]
y = [80, 80, 60, 30, 90, 50, 200, 300, 200, 150, 10, 80, 20, 30, 40, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 20, 210, 220, 20, 20, 20, 200, 270, 280, 90, 00]
y2 = [100, 100, 200, 300, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 12, 13, 10, 110, 16, 170, 80, 90, 20, 89, 28, 20, 20, 28, 60, 70, 80, 90, 30]

plt.plot(xdates,y)
plt.plot(xdates,y2)
plt.setp(plt.gca().xaxis.get_majorticklabels(),rotation=90)
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(tkr.FuncFormatter(xfmt))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.DayLocator(interval=4))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.DayLocator())
plt.show()

上述代码生成以下曲线图：

import datetime as dt

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as mdates 
import matplotlib.ticker as tkr

def xfmt(x,pos=None):
    ''' custom date formatting '''
    x = mdates.num2date(x)
    label = x.strftime('%m/%d')
    label = label.lstrip('0')
    return label

x = ['01/01', '01/02', '01/03', '01/04', '01/05', '01/06', '01/07', '01/08', '01/09', '01/10', '01/11', '01/12', '01/13', '01/14', '01/15', '01/16', '01/17', '01/18', '01/19', '01/20', '01/21', '01/22', '01/23', '01/24', '01/25', '01/26', '01/27', '01/28', '01/29', '01/30', '01/31']
xdates = [dt.datetime.strptime(i,'%m/%d') for i in x]
y = [80, 80, 60, 30, 90, 50, 200, 300, 200, 150, 10, 80, 20, 30, 40, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 20, 210, 220, 20, 20, 20, 200, 270, 280, 90, 00]
y2 = [100, 100, 200, 300, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 12, 13, 10, 110, 16, 170, 80, 90, 20, 89, 28, 20, 20, 28, 60, 70, 80, 90, 30]

plt.plot(xdates,y)
plt.plot(xdates,y2)
plt.setp(plt.gca().xaxis.get_majorticklabels(),rotation=90)
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(tkr.FuncFormatter(xfmt))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_locator(mdates.DayLocator(interval=4))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(mdates.DayLocator())
plt.show()