R 按id从宽到长收集列
我有这样一个数据框:R 按id从宽到长收集列,r,reshape,R,Reshape,我有这样一个数据框: set.seed(100) drugs <- data.frame(id = 1:5, drug_1 = letters[1:5], drug_dos_1 = sample(100,5), drug_2 = letters[3:7], drug_dos_2 = sample(100,5) ) id drug_1 drug_dos_1 drug_2 drug_dos_2 1 a
set.seed(100)
drugs <- data.frame(id = 1:5,
drug_1 = letters[1:5], drug_dos_1 = sample(100,5),
drug_2 = letters[3:7], drug_dos_2 = sample(100,5)
)
id drug_1 drug_dos_1 drug_2 drug_dos_2
1 a 31 c 49
2 b 26 d 81
3 c 55 e 37
4 d 6 f 54
5 e 45 g 17
我想这可以通过使用一个重塑函数来实现,该函数可以将数据从宽格式转换为长格式,但我没有管理。一个选项是
从数据中熔化。table
可以在measure
参数中采用多个模式
library(data.table)
melt(setDT(drugs), measure = patterns('^drug_\\d+$', 'dos'),
value.name = c('drug', 'dosage'))[, variable := NULL][order(id)]
# id drug dosage
#1: 1 a 31
#2: 1 c 49
#3: 2 b 26
#4: 2 d 81
#5: 3 c 55
#6: 3 e 37
#7: 4 d 6
#8: 4 f 54
#9: 5 e 45
#10 5 g 17
在这里,“药物”在所有列中都很常见,因此我们需要创建一个独特的模式。一种方法是指定起始位置(^
),后跟“drug”子字符串,然后在字符串的末尾($
)加下划线())和一个或多个数字(\\d+
)。对于“dos”,只需使用该子字符串匹配具有“dos”的列名库(dplyr)
library(dplyr)
drugs %>% gather(key,val,-id) %>% mutate(key=gsub('_\\d','',key)) %>% #replace _1 and _2 at the end wiht nothing
mutate(key=gsub('drug_','',key)) %>% group_by(key) %>% #replace drug_ at the start of dos with nothin and gruop by key
mutate(row=row_number()) %>% spread(key,val) %>%
select(id,drug,dos,-row)
# A tibble: 10 x 3
id drug dos
<int> <chr> <chr>
1 1 a 31
2 1 c 49
3 2 b 26
4 2 d 81
5 3 c 55
6 3 e 37
7 4 d 6
8 4 f 54
9 5 e 45
10 5 g 17
Warning message:
attributes are not identical across measure variables;
they will be dropped
#This warning generated as we merged drug(chr) and dose(num) into one column (val)
药物%>%聚集(key,val,-id)%%>%突变(key=gsub(“'''\\d','',key))%%>%,在没有任何变化的情况下替换1和2
变异(key=gsub('druge_u','',key))%%>%groupby(key)%%>%#在dos开始时用nothin替换druge_u,并按key替换gruop
变异(row=row_number())%%>%spread(key,val)%%>%
选择(id、药物、dos,-行)
#一个tibble:10x3
身份证
1 a 31
2 1 c 49
3 2 b 26
42D81
5 3 c 55
6 3 e 37
7 4 d 6
8 4 f 54
9 5 e 45
10 5 g 17
警告信息:
不同度量变量的属性不相同;
它们将被丢弃
#当我们将药物(chr)和剂量(num)合并到一列(val)时生成此警告
library(dplyr)
drugs %>% gather(key,val,-id) %>% mutate(key=gsub('_\\d','',key)) %>% #replace _1 and _2 at the end wiht nothing
mutate(key=gsub('drug_','',key)) %>% group_by(key) %>% #replace drug_ at the start of dos with nothin and gruop by key
mutate(row=row_number()) %>% spread(key,val) %>%
select(id,drug,dos,-row)
# A tibble: 10 x 3
id drug dos
<int> <chr> <chr>
1 1 a 31
2 1 c 49
3 2 b 26
4 2 d 81
5 3 c 55
6 3 e 37
7 4 d 6
8 4 f 54
9 5 e 45
10 5 g 17
Warning message:
attributes are not identical across measure variables;
they will be dropped
#This warning generated as we merged drug(chr) and dose(num) into one column (val)